1. What good study habits should be cultivated in primary school mathematics teaching? Mr. Ye Shengtao, a famous educator, said: What is education? In short, it is to cultivate good habits. Sun Yunxiao, an expert on adolescent studies, recently pointed out that habits determine the fate of children. Therefore, the most fundamental purpose of education is to cultivate students' good habits, which is a kind of inertia and a kind of energy savings. Expert research shows that 3- 12 years old is the key period for people to form good behavior. /kloc-after 0/2 years old, children gradually form many habits, and it is much more difficult for new habits to take root. If children want to learn to learn, they must cultivate good study habits. Once good habits are formed, they will become inexhaustible wealth in our life. As Locke said: In fact, all education is ultimately to cultivate people's good habits, and even a person's success is often attributed to his own good habits. Therefore, good study habits are very important for achieving good classroom teaching effect and improving teaching quality. Years of teaching practice have made me realize that we should cultivate students' good classroom study habits from the following aspects. 1. The habit of full preparation before class. 2. The habit of listening carefully. In classroom teaching, it is very important to concentrate on the class. Psychology tells us that attention is the direction and concentration of psychological activities to an object, and it is a dynamic feature of psychological process. Therefore, we should pay attention to cultivating students' habit of listening carefully. Listening in class includes two aspects: first, when listening to the teacher, we must concentrate on it, clear our minds, grasp the key points and find out the key points. Second, we should listen carefully to students' speeches, respect them, don't interrupt others at will, grasp the key points of others' speeches and express our opinions in time. 3. The habit of positive thinking. Thinking is a necessary condition for students to deeply understand knowledge and develop their abilities. The new curriculum standard points out that students should actively participate in mathematics learning activities, have curiosity and thirst for knowledge about mathematics, develop the habit of questioning and independent thinking, cultivate students' interest in thinking, teach students thinking methods and train students' ability to learn thinking. For example, when I was teaching the associative law of multiplication 55× 98+55× 273× 103-73× 3, I gave the answer at once. When students are surprised by this, they can introduce: Why can the teacher tell the result so quickly? What are the rules? Then guide the students to compare the group numbers respectively, and finally guide the students to draw a conclusion. 4. The habit of careful observation. Observation plays an important role in learning knowledge and developing intelligence. It is necessary to teach students to be good at mobilizing various senses to observe people, things, objects and scenery around them, turn unintentional into intentional, bring life to mathematics and continuously improve their observation ability. Cultivate students' observation ability: first, cultivate students' observation interest; Second, we should teach students observation methods, guide students to observe with questions, and observe in an orderly manner, such as from top to bottom, from left to right, from far to near, from outside to inside, from part to whole. Third, we should cultivate students' observation ability. Such as the circumference of a square, guide students to observe the relationship between the four sides. Through careful observation, analysis, comparison and induction, students can get the formula of the perimeter of the square. 5. The habit of active participation. Participation is cooperative learning. The new curriculum standard requires students to learn to cooperate with others and communicate their own thinking process and results with others. Let all students actively participate in classroom learning activities and improve the rate of students' participation in learning activities. Through cooperation and communication, every student's opportunities for self-expression will increase. So as to cultivate collective consciousness. To cultivate students' habit of active participation, teachers should organize effective learning activities in time, so that students can actively think, practice and communicate in classroom activities, stimulate sparks of thinking and interest in learning, and gradually form the learning habit of active participation. 6. standardize writing habits. Writing in math class is very important, for example, in the first grade, you don't need a ruler to draw an equal sign, but you have to write the standard quickly; And write numerical answers. Calculation is more important, and incorrect writing will cause calculation errors. Therefore, there are several points to cultivate students' habit of standardized writing: first, cultivate students' habit of taking notes carefully, which will help them understand and remember knowledge; Second, we should cultivate the habit of writing homework carefully, so that the handwriting is neat, and we should not scribble or smear; Writing should be standardized, neat and beautiful. Third, we should keep the correct sitting posture and pen holding method. 7. The habit of speaking. Here refers to the students and teachers through discussion and exchange, sharing information, making suggestions, expressing opinions, and working together to solve a problem. Speaking is based on thinking, which in turn can promote thinking. Learning, learning, not only to learn, but also to ask questions, so we should cultivate the habit of actively and humbly asking classmates or teachers when encountering problems. The premise of being good at consulting is to be good at thinking and asking questions to others. Therefore, it is necessary to cultivate students to like to talk and encourage them to talk often. In other words, we should actively participate in the classroom and take the initiative to speak. At the same time, be concise and pay attention to the level of speech. When you make a statement, you should have a loud voice, clear center and clear organization. When making mistakes, teachers can improve classroom teaching through the wrong resources, thus narrowing the differences between students. 8. The habit of hands-on operation. Hands-on operation is very important in math class. It plays a very important role in cultivating students' practical ability, helping students to understand and remember knowledge, training students' thinking in images, coordinating left and right brains and developing students' comprehensive ability. When cultivating students' hands-on operation habits, we should pay attention to the following points: First, clear goals. Before hands-on operation, students should understand the objects to be operated and the problems to be solved; The second is independent inquiry. Try to let students seek solutions to problems through hands-on operation; Third, the method is proper. Teach students the necessary operation steps and point out the matters needing attention; The fourth is good at induction. It is necessary to guide students to draw conclusions from specific operations through analysis, comparison and generalization, which can be expressed in mathematical language; The fifth is proper evaluation. Proper evaluation can mobilize students' initiative. 9. The habit of finishing homework on time. Finishing homework is an important part in the learning process, especially for junior students, who are required to finish homework in class. Prepare all the school supplies before doing your homework, review the new lessons or homework-related content first, and then finish your homework independently without copying others'. Second, when doing homework, you should concentrate, the handwriting should be neat and the paper should be clean. After you finish your homework, you should check it carefully and correct it in time if you find any mistakes. Homework should be completed on time with good quality and quantity. 10. The habit of careful inspection. Most primary school students are willing to do problems, while some students have no good habit of checking, and some students will not check. Train students to check carefully in math class: first, whether they have copied the wrong questions or numbers; Second, whether the formula is accurate and whether the calculation process is wrong; The third is whether the writing of the answer is complete. All for the children, all for the children. Successful education begins with the formation of habits. Good study habits are the source of students' sustainable development. It is an inexhaustible capital stored in the brain. Students' good study habits cannot be achieved overnight. In the process of students' growth, we should be kind and charming, so that every student can develop good study habits and grow into a pillar. On how to cultivate students' study habits in primary school mathematics teaching As the saying goes, habits become nature, and good habits are cultivated from childhood, and when they grow up, they will have good conduct. It is clearly pointed out in the "Mathematics Teaching Syllabus for Primary Schools": "In the primary school stage, it is of great significance to enable students to learn mathematics well, cultivate their interest in learning and develop good study habits for improving the quality of the whole nation and cultivating socialist citizens with ideals, morality, culture and discipline." Years of teaching practice have made us deeply realize that good study habits are important conditions for learning knowledge, cultivating ability and developing intelligence. Study habits not only directly affect students' current study, but also have a great influence on their future study and even work. Therefore, it is an important task for teachers to cultivate students' good study habits. Let's talk about how to teach students scientific learning methods and cultivate their good study habits while teaching basic knowledge. First, analyze the current situation of primary school students' study habits and prescribe the right medicine. At present, primary school students have many bad habits in mathematics learning. For example, some students don't like preview, blindly rely on teachers, and lack the spirit of autonomous learning; The handwriting is crooked and scrawled, and the handwriting is difficult for others to understand; Addition, omission, typo, omission of numbers or operation symbols, decimal point errors also often occur. Some students are careless in calculation, often make mistakes, and don't check after calculation. Some students are not good at independent thinking and like to copy other people's homework. What's more, some students didn't find the reasons for the mistakes they made in their homework and corrected them in time. Second, they are just browsing. Second, cultivate students' habit of previewing in class, so that students can know, understand and learn what they want to learn in class in advance. This is a preview. However, some students know what to learn next time only by reading the new content once, that is, preview, and pin their hopes on the teacher to accept new knowledge. In order to cultivate students' preview habits, I put classroom knowledge first in teaching. There are three requirements for previewing new lessons every day. First, read the math textbook and see the examples clearly. Second, talk about our harvest. I know I have to write down the answer. Third, I must try my best to do my later exercises. Fourth, what are my doubts and puzzles? Detection method: First, give a few questions of this course, and let students try to do it. How many people did it right and how many people did it wrong is clear at a glance. Problems and places have also been exposed. Only by making clear the problem and preparing for the difficulties of middle school students can we find the root of the mistakes, make the finishing point in the difficulties and leave a deep and solid impression on the students, and then we can know what is right and what will be wrong. Centralized teaching in the classroom will inevitably leave more classroom space for students to practice, so students are forced to study before class and form the habit of previewing. Third, cultivate students' habit of carefully examining questions. In primary school mathematics teaching, mathematical operation occupies a considerable proportion. Whether the operation is accurate or not depends largely on whether the self is correct. In homework and exams, I found that many students made mistakes not because they couldn't do it, but because they didn't see the requirements of the topic clearly. For example, in the calculation, some students misread the operation symbols: in the text, because of the complex quantitative relationship, there are not only many levels, but also some nouns indicating the operation order are often confused and ignored, which leads to students' mistakes in solving problems; In application problems, the quantitative relationship is not carefully analyzed, which leads to confusion and errors. Therefore, in primary school mathematics teaching, it is necessary to cultivate students' ability to examine questions. Therefore, when solving application problems, students should first read the problems carefully and get a preliminary understanding of the meaning of the problems. Reading is the first step to understand the content of the question, and it is also the beginning to cultivate the ability to examine the question. Then carefully scrutinize the words, words and sentences, accurately understand the meaning of the question, and then list the formula calculation on this basis; Also, when doing some calculation problems, I ask students not to do the dead calculation immediately, but to think about whether it is possible to estimate the approximate amount with a simple algorithm. This not only improves the speed of doing the problem, but also improves the calculation accuracy. Through the training of examining questions, we can form serious and rigorous habits, guide students to choose correct and reasonable calculation methods flexibly, and improve the quality and speed of doing questions. Therefore, it is very important to cultivate students' good habit of examining questions. Fourth, cultivate students' good habit of listening carefully. Since the implementation of the curriculum reform, we are pleasantly surprised to find that children have become lively and brave, and the classroom has become active. Students dare to ask questions and express their views. However, we often see such a scene: when a student's speech is not finished, the students next to him raise their hands high and shout, "Teacher, I'm coming, I'm coming ..." When the teacher calls a student to answer, the other students who raise their hands sigh in unison, dejected and despondent, and ignore the lecture at all; When the teacher talked with relish, the students were doing their own things like no one was watching ... all this made people think deeply. Since ancient times, cultivating students' listening ability and quality has always been the essence of our education. Educators at all times and all over the world have emphasized the importance of "listening" in study and life. In an active math class, it is not enough for students to express themselves. How to listen to others' opinions is a good study habit. Students can listen carefully in class-listen to the teacher's lectures and classmates' speeches, so as to actively and effectively participate in the teaching process, open the spark of thinking, acquire new knowledge, cultivate their abilities, and then promote the effective development of classroom activities. Therefore, in teaching, we should make clear the goal, ask students to listen carefully to other students' answers, and observe carefully in teaching, encourage and praise the students who listen carefully in time, and strengthen them, correct the students who are not serious in time, and give appropriate punishment when necessary. In this way, students learn to listen and learn to learn actively. Students can listen carefully to teachers' explanations and classmates' speeches in class, and participate in teaching activities more actively in the process of listening. In a word, cultivating students' listening ability and developing good listening habits plays an inestimable role in their own life path and greatly promotes the improvement of people's overall literacy. Learn to listen, and you will learn to respect others, treat others sincerely, care about others and cooperate with others. 5. Cultivating students' habit of conscientiously and independently completing homework and consciously checking can best reflect students' learning attitude and habits in homework. I think good work habits should include: serious attitude, timely inspection, neat handwriting, independent completion, originality and so on. The ability of students to solve problems is not only reflected in the analysis and answer of questions, but also in the reflection and test of the answer process. Because students lack good inspection habits, they often regret it afterwards. We are used to calling this phenomenon sloppy, which is actually a reflection of students' lack of ability literacy training, but this aspect of training and training is often ignored in actual teaching. Therefore, in the usual homework, first remind some students with scrawled handwriting. If they don't change, they can only be punished appropriately. Don't trust students' test ability too much. There are often many test methods for each question. Solving equations, deformation calculation, filling in the blanks, etc. Students should be led to review frequently, and appropriate test methods should be selected according to the actual situation. For example, it is very difficult for students to test application problems, but testing is an essential part. Through teaching, teachers enable students to master the methods of testing application problems and gradually develop the "good habit of consciously testing". Therefore, it is very important to teach students the method of testing in combination with the teaching content. Secondly, in daily teaching, teachers should take testing as a necessary step for students to answer questions for a long time, so that students can be influenced imperceptibly and gradually develop good self-examination study habits. This can not only cultivate students' serious learning attitude, but also cultivate students' critical, profound and self-evaluation ability. Through reflection on the problem-solving process, students' rigorous, meticulous and meticulous thinking quality can be cultivated. In short, learning ability and learning habits can only be formed and developed in learning. Therefore, teachers should renew their ideas and actively carry out teaching reform. Choose the teaching method that can give full play to students' learning initiative and organize students' learning activities. In the process of imparting basic knowledge, we should teach learning and thinking methods and cultivate good study habits. Perseverance can not only enable students to learn (knowledge), but also enable students to learn (knowledge) as the masters of learning. Second, how to cultivate students' good study habits Study habits are formed and developed through repeated practice in the learning process and become an automatic learning behavior that individuals need. Good study habits are conducive to stimulating students' enthusiasm and initiative in learning; It is beneficial to form learning strategies and improve learning efficiency; Conducive to the cultivation of autonomous learning ability; It is conducive to cultivating students' innovative spirit and creativity and benefiting students for life. Here are some good study habits for your reference: 1. The habit of active learning. If others don't urge themselves to study actively, they should immediately enter the state as soon as they study, and strive to make efficient use of every minute of study time. Consciously focus on your study and stick to it. 2. The habit of completing the prescribed learning tasks on time is to complete the prescribed learning tasks within the prescribed time. Divide each prescribed learning time into several time periods, and assign specific learning tasks for each time period according to the learning content, and ask yourself to complete a specific learning task within a time period. Doing so can reduce or even avoid absent-mindedness or inattention in learning, and effectively improve learning efficiency. You can also feel a sense of success after completing each specific learning task, so that you can happily devote yourself to the next stage of learning. 3. The habit of all-round development of all subjects, without favoritism. What modern society urgently needs is to cultivate all-round compound talents, so it requires middle school students to develop in an all-round way and not be partial to their subjects. This requires middle school students to study subjects they don't like harder and constantly improve their interest in learning. For subjects that you don't like or have a weak foundation, you can lower the standard appropriately, and according to your actual situation, you can establish the initial goals, medium-term goals and long-term goals that you can achieve through hard work, and then ask yourself to complete them. This is an effective way to overcome the phenomenon of partiality. 4. The habit of previewing before class can improve the learning efficiency in class and help to cultivate self-study ability. When previewing, we should carefully study what we want to learn, understand and use preview skills, refer to reference books or related materials for study, seriously think about related problems, and mark the questions we don't understand so as to focus on listening, learning and practicing in class. 5. The habit of listening carefully. In class, teachers not only use words to convey information, but also use actions and expressions to convey information and communicate with students with their eyes. Therefore, middle school students must stare at the teacher in class, follow the teacher's ideas, and mobilize all sensory organs to participate in learning. Whether all sensory organs can be mobilized for learning is a key factor affecting learning efficiency. Full of emotions and concentration in class; Grasp the key points and clarify the key points; Actively participate, think and analyze; Speak boldly and express your thoughts. 6. The habit of taking the initiative to answer questions in class. Middle school students should be the masters of learning. They should seriously think about every problem in class. Actively answering questions can promote thinking, deepen understanding, enhance memory, improve psychological quality and promote the emergence of innovative consciousness. Take the initiative to answer questions, stand up quickly and speak loudly and clearly. 7. The habit of taking the initiative to answer questions in class. Middle school students should be the masters of learning. They should seriously think about every problem in class. Actively answering questions can promote thinking, deepen understanding, enhance memory, improve psychological quality and promote the emergence of innovative consciousness. Take the initiative to answer questions, stand up quickly and speak loudly and clearly. 8. The habit of thinking, asking questions and boldly questioning should be serious and thoughtful. "Thinking more" means seriously thinking about the relationship between knowledge points, thinking methods, knowledge and real life, and forming a system. "Being good at asking questions" means not only asking yourself why, but also asking teachers, classmates and others humbly, so as to improve yourself. Moreover, in the process of learning, we should pay attention to discovering problems, studying problems and creating things, dare to question existing conclusions and statements reasonably, dare to challenge authority on the premise of respecting science, and never let go of any problem easily. To know that "the stupidest question is not asking questions", you should get into the habit of asking others for advice. 9. The habit of taking notes in class When listening attentively, you should write a simple note or mark. Key contents, difficult problems and key sentences of "circle, point, tick and draw", and write down some key words. Some experiments show that you can only master 30% of the content in class and 50% of each word, but you can master 80% of what you have learned by sketching the important contents in class, recording the key sentences about the key points in the book and sorting them out after class. 10. The habit of reviewing after class. Don't rush to do your homework after class. We must carefully review what we have learned in each class, sum up the main points of knowledge, find out the connection between knowledge, sort out the connection between old and new knowledge, and form a knowledge structure or a summary and gradual knowledge structure. Take the initiative to ask and make up for what you didn't learn well. Pay attention to reviewing different learning contents alternately. 1 1. The habit of finishing homework on time. Finish the homework assigned by the teacher and the homework selected by yourself on time, think carefully, write carefully, be meticulous, and carefully find solutions to the problems in the homework. After you finish your homework, you should think about its main features and points in order to get the effect of giving inferences by analogy. The homework is wrong, so we should correct it in time. 12. The habit of stage review After a period of study, it is necessary to summarize what you have learned, form a knowledge structure of units and chapters, and sketch a schema in your mind. This is an important part of systematizing knowledge, firmly mastering knowledge and forming discipline ability. 13. The habit of consciously cultivating creative thinking ability is the expression of the high development of human intelligence, the core of innovation ability and the key to realize future development. Middle school students should always pay attention to the following steps to cultivate their creative thinking ability: (1) Make clear the problems they face. (2) Collect all relevant information. (3) Break the original pattern and try various new combinations from eight aspects. Including changing direction, angle, starting point, order, quantity, scope, conditions, environment and so on. (4) mobilize all sensory organs to participate. (5) Let the brain relax and let the mind be inspired by as many fields as possible. (6) Test new achievements. The above six steps are effective methods to solve homework problems. There is no end to learning. Students should be good at summing up their own learning experience and learn from their better learning experience for their own use. Clever you will find a set of learning methods suitable for you, ride the wind and waves, and reach the other side of victory as soon as possible!