Oral calculation is not only the basis of written calculation, estimation and simple calculation, but also an important part of calculation ability.
First of all, what problems do children have in the process of oral calculation?
There are many mistakes in oral calculation, which is slow and takes a long time.
I think oral arithmetic is very studious, and I am sure I can hear it. Refuse to use one's head and work hard, and examine the questions carelessly and perfunctory.
Answer without seeing the requirements of the topic clearly. The calculation is sloppy and specious. If you are not careful, simple calculations will often make mistakes.
If the checking calculation is impatient, the requirements of the topic will be finished after the calculation, and the calculation result is wrong. After many investigations, the error rate of oral calculation is amazing.
Speaking of the number one reason, everyone's answer is almost always-"carelessness." Other parents think that children are careless in doing their homework when they are young, but when they are older, they will naturally get better. Is that really the case?
Why are there these problems? How can we cultivate children's computing ability?
1, the exam questions are unclear.
Young children, especially children in middle and lower grades, often only notice some superficial phenomena when they perceive things, but do not carefully observe the characteristics and connections between things.
When copying numbers and symbols, if you don't see them clearly, the copied numbers will be wrong, such as writing "3" as "8" and "26" as "62"; Write "+"as "X" and so on. In many cases, the number in the previous line is written wrong in the next line, or different numbers are written as the same number.
2, easily confused by assumptions
In addition to the above reasons, some operation sequences, especially simple operation methods, are wrong. It is very easy to think that simple calculations can be performed, but the operation sequence is wrong.
For example, in the process of decimal simplification, 32.78-(8.9+2.78) can be changed to subtract the last two numbers respectively, while similar 32.78-(8.9-2.78) cannot be simplified, and it becomes 32.78-8.9+2.78 after removing the brackets.
3. It is mainly influenced by negative migration.
Children are easily influenced by what they learn in the process of learning, that is, transfer in learning. If the learned knowledge promotes the mastery of knowledge, it is positive migration, and vice versa. In the process of calculation learning, children are easily disturbed by negative transfer, which affects the accuracy of calculation. For example, when calculating multiplication, many children often have the calculation of addition.
Practice makes perfect.
Stick to oral arithmetic training for 3-5 minutes every day and practice 1 crossing calculation every day. At the beginning, it is completed under the supervision of parents, and children can gradually let go to form a habit and voluntarily complete it.
Quality and quantity training
Each exercise should record the time taken to complete 1 page, correct right and wrong immediately after completion and analyze the cause of the error. Every time you do training, you should compare it with the last time to see if there is any progress. Parents should praise their children appropriately and say, "Great, progress!"
Children need timely encouragement at this time, just as players who struggle on the court need teammates to be cheerleaders, they can also post their excellent exercises in eye-catching places at home as incentives, and sometimes they can give a small prize.
Parents should never be impatient at the sight of their children's slowness and say, "What a fool!" " If parents will have a bad influence on children, it is something that needs patience and love to do well.
For children who regress, we can analyze the reasons for retrogression with them, then gently touch their heads and put forward what to do in the future. If their grades improve next time, they will be praised in time to encourage them to continue their efforts and build up their confidence.
Diversified training forms
Doing more and practicing more is the premise, but children are used to being interested in new things, especially learning in games to increase their knowledge. If they practice alone for a long time, they will easily get bored.
Therefore, oral arithmetic practice should be lively and varied, and the supplementary methods that can be taken in practice include: playing poker (24 o'clock), listening to arithmetic, driving a train, looking up passwords, winning red flags, sending letters, finding friends, fighting for the championship, regular tests and so on. (practical, simple)
At the same time, through some mathematical practice activities, let children realize the importance of cultivating language ability in our daily life (such as buying food and visiting supermarkets). ).
Pay attention to raindrop baby and reply to "math game" to get practice materials.
Know arithmetic and master clever calculation methods.
The improvement of verbal ability depends on children's understanding of arithmetic. Only on the basis of understanding can we get the effect of giving inferences by analogy, greatly improve the speed and accuracy of oral calculation and form oral calculation ability. To this end, we should pay attention to strengthening children's understanding of arithmetic.
For example, rounding method, rounding method, decomposition method and memorizing some commonly used data are commonly used in oral calculation. Look at 25×4= 100, 125×8= 1000 to remind children that they can often be used as crutches for oral calculation, and sometimes they can be converted into 25×4= 100,125× 00 by decomposition method.
Let the children write down the clever calculation methods they usually find and share them with you. At the same time, it also cultivates children's interest in verbal arithmetic.
Develop good computing habits
Developing good computing habits is an effective way to improve children's computing ability. Help children develop the following good calculation habits, and do the serious calculation habits of "seeing, thinking and calculating".
Calculation is a very serious matter, and we can't be careless, but there are only a few children who don't have good study habits. After getting the calculation problem, they can't see the numbers clearly, and they can't see the operation order clearly, so they calculate blindly.
For example, when calculating a simple calculation problem like 6+4÷2? At that time, due to the carelessness of individual children, the result was 5. If you calculate carefully, it is easy to see that the operation order of this problem is to divide first and then add, and the correct result should be 8.
Oral calculation is the basis of complex operation. Children can learn oral arithmetic well and master it skillfully, and they can't do without their parents' company. It is very important to strengthen oral arithmetic training in primary school. I suggest you pass the "oral math test" with your children to make full preparations for future math study.
Pay attention to raindrop baby and reply to "oral calculation" to get oral calculation questions.