From primary school to junior high school is a very important turning point in students' career. In this special period, most students feel uncomfortable. Compared with primary schools, the number of subjects in junior high schools has increased, and the number of teachers has also increased. Students have adapted to the mode of teacher management since childhood, but now they have to receive lectures from eight or nine teachers in a short time. They don't know what to do and are very confused. Some students with poor psychological endurance even feel inferior and become passive and neglected, which leads to the trend that their grades cannot be improved or even decreased. Mathematics is a very important course in the study course. How to help students who have just entered junior high school quickly adapt to the teaching methods of junior high school mathematics is a very important problem. Below I put forward some suggestions according to the teaching content of junior high school and primary school mathematics, hoping to help the students who have just entered junior high school in mathematics learning.
First, guide students to develop good study habits.
After years of primary school study, students must have formed some learning methods or habits. These good habits should be maintained, such as sitting correctly in class and answering questions actively and loudly, which are all needed by students' all-round development and are very important to improve the efficiency of mathematics classroom teaching. After entering junior high school, in addition to these good habits, we need to develop new good habits of learning mathematics.
1. Develop the habit of preview and active learning before class.
Mathematics is an abstract subject, which needs more thinking. The primary school math class is relatively simple, and most students have not developed the habit of previewing before class. However, compared with primary school mathematics, junior high school mathematics has greatly increased the difficulty of learning and the workload of students. If teachers do not guide students to form the habit of preview, it will be difficult for students to preview effectively. Even if they preview, they will skim through the textbooks, unable to think, unable to find problems and unable to achieve the purpose of preview. Therefore, after students enter junior high school, teachers should teach students correct preview methods as soon as possible, guide students to develop preview habits, take the initiative to learn, and stimulate students' interest in learning mathematics. Don't arrange too many preview questions at first. After students develop the habit of autonomous learning, arrange some questions and slowly transition to let students find problems on their own initiative, so that mathematics learning is easier.
2. Guide students to listen carefully and think positively in class.
Compared with primary school mathematics, junior high school mathematics is more content and more difficult. Moreover, mathematics is a highly continuous subject. In class, you must listen attentively and master the content of the class. If you are absent-minded in class and don't understand a class, the chain effect will lead to chaos in every class in the future and the grades will drop rapidly. In addition, students are required to learn to think and ask more questions while listening attentively, so as to deepen their understanding and understanding of mathematical definitions. Teachers should ask some questions with moderate difficulty in class, guide students to think positively and exercise their thinking ability.
3. Standardize homework and strengthen training.
Primary schools generally only pay attention to the results and ignore the process. After entering junior high school, teachers must carry out strict training to make students pay attention to the process and standardize the steps of solving problems. Teachers must do two things: first, when writing on the blackboard, they should be standardized, set an example by themselves, and set a positive example for students with their standardized behavior; The second is to strictly demand students' homework, so that students can fully realize the importance of standardizing the steps of solving problems, correct students' irregular behaviors in time, and let students develop good habits.
4. Review in time and learn new things.
Mathematics is a subject with considerable knowledge capacity, and there are quite a few mathematical formulas, theorems and principles. In addition, students who have just entered junior high school are not mature in intelligence, and the learning tasks of other subjects are heavy, so it is easy to forget what they have learned before. Teachers should pay attention to reviewing what they have learned before at any time in the teaching process, deepen students' impression through continuous review, and cultivate students' habit of reviewing independently.
Second, teaching should be gradual.
After entering junior high school, students will learn a lot more abstract things than primary school mathematics, such as simple plane geometry in primary school, but after entering junior high school, they will involve more abstract solid geometry. Students also need to use existing knowledge and graphic association, plus appropriate auxiliary lines to solve various problems, which is more difficult for students who have just entered junior high school.
Mathematics teachers should learn step by step and use the method of hierarchical teaching to help students gradually adapt to the current learning situation. First of all, teachers should pay attention to explaining the connection and difference between the knowledge they are about to learn and the knowledge they are learning now, so as to sort out and construct the context of basic knowledge for students. When talking about the existing knowledge, review the knowledge of primary schools appropriately, especially for some confusing knowledge points, pay attention to comparison and difference. For example, as shown in figure 1, the similarity ratio of △ADE and △ABC is 1: 2, so what is the area ratio of the two? Some students think that the area ratio of the two should be similar, which confuses the meaning of the two. Secondly, teachers should pay attention to explain how a theorem or formula is proved, and analyze and explain the process of proof in detail, so as to cultivate students' innovative spirit through the creation of existing knowledge by predecessors and cultivate students' innovative ability through the study of existing knowledge. Third, teachers should appropriately expand their knowledge. For example, when talking about a question, teachers can answer it in different ways. Teachers should not set so-called "correct answers" in the setting of answers. As long as students prove that the process is correct, it is necessary to recognize the way students solve problems. Fourth, students are assessed regularly. This kind of evaluation not only helps students to consolidate the learning content of this period, but also helps students to understand the advantages and disadvantages of this period. In the following time, teachers should pay attention to the common problems of students. In addition, the math teacher can ask students to do some wrong problem books, record some past mistakes and review them regularly, so that students can reflect on their mistakes in time, especially for some confusing knowledge points. After the teacher explains, they will have a deeper understanding by misreading the question book again. This kind of reflection at any time can encourage students to form the habit of self-reflection, and discover new knowledge and new ideas to solve problems in reflection.
Third, considering the content of primary schools.
After entering junior high school, students' learning tasks and learning difficulties suddenly increase, and many students find it difficult to adapt. In the teaching process, junior high school teachers often only pay attention to the teaching of junior high school knowledge, ignoring the fault between primary school mathematics knowledge and junior high school mathematics knowledge. When teaching junior high school knowledge, teachers should pay attention to the content of primary school knowledge, take primary school knowledge as the guide, and combine primary school mathematics with junior high school mathematics knowledge to make students accept junior high school knowledge more easily.
Four. conclusion
After entering junior high school, students' learning tasks will be aggravated and the environment will change. Coupled with the pressure of further education, it is a great challenge for students to deal with various problems in a short time. Especially in mathematics learning, both the difficulty of knowledge and the rigor of the process have made a qualitative leap. Junior high school mathematics teachers should carefully analyze related problems, deal with some situations in the teaching process in time, closely contact with primary and secondary mathematics, do a good job in scientific research of primary and secondary mathematics teaching, further improve the quality of primary and secondary mathematics teaching, and make primary and secondary schools develop more continuously and healthily.