(A) instrumental: listening, speaking, reading and writing (belonging to the basic tasks)

(2) Ideology: (Important task) Understanding value

(3) the humanistic value and emotional value of literature

(D) aesthetic (due task) aesthetic value, Plato: "The beauty of Chinese,

(5) The beauty of intellectual music and rhythm all show good temperament. "

(6) Wisdom and speculative value

1. Listening: ① Listening to speeches, negotiations, diplomatic and business negotiations; 2 attending classes; ③ Listening to the report (absorbing new information); 4 listen to the radio (major events); ⑤ Listen to the debate (judgment tendency); 6. Hearing litigation (politics and law); ⑦ Listen to the chief complaint (medical treatment)

A, capture new information and main information.

B, listen to each other's intentions (context, intonation, old knowledge, original impression).

C. understand the words at the beginning and end. (It's all sunshine and summative words)

2. Say: ① There are masters and times, things are orderly, and there are ridges and ridges; (2) Highlight the main points with details; (3) the topic is concentrated and the theme remains unchanged; (4) Nature, the connection between nature; ⑤ The rhythm is reasonable, and there is emotion in the language; ⑥ Combining morphological language

3. Reading: (Today's text) "The reader's words give birth to feelings."

(1) the overall reading, bird's eye view first, and then intensive reading, complement each other. Qian Zhongshu said: "Look at things from muddy to painting." "The small accumulation is clear, the big promotion is consistent with the small one, and it is pushed to the end. When you are poor, you will explore the end and interact with each other. If you don't do too much, you will almost solve the problem." The whole is greater than the sum of its parts. Reading aloud (beautiful reading): "Argumentative writing probably only needs to be read logically, and narrative writing is best read beautifully." The so-called beautiful reading is to convey the author's feelings when reading, which is nothing more than what Mencius said: put yourself in his place, give him an impassioned place, give him an impassioned place, and so on. The beautiful reading method, if you read the vernacular, is like reading lines in a drama. If you read classical Chinese, you should use the traditional reading method of reading classical Chinese everywhere, so as to give full play to the author's feelings at that time. Beauty can not only understand what the author says, but also connect with the author's heart, which has great gains in interest and usability. "

② Master all the information provided by the article (especially the new information).

A. the original text; B. comments; C. the author; D. time and background; E. selecting (selecting essence);

F. Transfer of old knowledge; G. language sense (context) respects this article; H. Unit knowledge and exercises

(3) Read the intensive part (where Shen Guang gathers) as "reading beautifully".

④ Reading should pay attention to articles that conform to the language form and the style and genre form.

Words, sentences, paragraphs and articles

⑥ From less to more, from more to less, absorb the essence.

⑦ Watch TV series and documentaries (focus interview, telling the truth), etc.

8 extracurricular reading, a. junior high school campus literature; B. How to learn Chinese well when reading newspapers in senior three; C. Modern Chinese Dictionary, Virtual Dictionary and Huiwen Series

[Attachment] Reading in Classical Chinese (Introduction to Classical Chinese)

(1) Classical Chinese is modern Chinese, so we should pay attention to comparative reading.

① Cultural accumulation, cultural tradition, national aesthetic taste, essence and dross, sacrifice one's life for righteousness, resentful thinking, threesome, righteous songs, worrying about the world first, personal hatred after national urgency first, and the beauty of human landscape and natural landscape.

② A. The "elegance" and proper complexity of language forms, idioms, proverbs and allusions; Word order (preposition, postposition) solidified sentence pattern

Grammatical formula of modern Chinese;

* B. "subject-predicate-object complement ... the former is the latter";

C ancient and modern have different meanings, "president", "sacrifice" and "step"

D. Flexible use of parts of speech, noun-verb, verb-noun, form-noun, numeral-verb, intention-verb and action-verb (1) Seeking meaning by form;

(2) Seeking meaning by sound "sound is synonymous" and "meaning is close to sound". △ Liu said: "Meaning comes from sound, sound means meaning, and sound training comes from one source".

Duan Yucai: "All sounds are synonymous", "All sounds have a definition" and "Seeking meaning by sound is not limited to form".

(c) According to the text definition (explained by the text) (d) On the contrary, it means training (e) to interpret the broad sense in a narrow sense (f) to interpret the narrow sense in a broad sense.

(g) Deduce the reason and seek the meaning (h) Explain the process.

E. ellipsis

F. symmetry

9, the transformation of language form

Translation, Loyalty, Elegance and Equivalence

Translation formula of ancient Chinese

Classical Chinese translation has its own order, so you can read the whole article first and grasp the main idea.

Understand the theme first, collect information, from paragraphs to sentences, from clauses to words,

Understand all, be clear, and be careful when dealing with difficult sentences.

Take care of the previous paragraph, connect with the next sentence, think carefully and try to figure out the tone.

Strive to be reasonable, reasonable and closely related.

If omitted, fill in the original intention and put brackets to indicate the gain.

Names and place names, without translation, names, as usual,

I and Yu are mine, and Er and You are yours. Omitting inversion is regular.

Content words and function words, with the interpretation of the text, sensitize the sense of language, and vary from sentence to sentence.

After translation, you must carefully compare the sentences and understand the tone.

The sentence was fluent, and then I stopped writing.

③ Common sense of ancient culture

(4) Reading aloud, reading beautifully, reciting, sensitizing language sense, singing, imperceptibly cultivating spirit.

⑤ Punctuation marks in sentence reading

⑥ Special meanings of words

Show, Calendar, Gourd, Dog's Tail and Sable. ...

⑦ Listen to the teacher's instruction.

8 Necessary reference books: A. Peking University, a common dictionary of ancient business studies in China; B. How to learn Chinese well, Golden Key Series, Science Press, Longmen Bookstore; C. Huiwen Series, Tianjin Education Press

Pet-name ruby on the basic meaning of classical Chinese

⑩ The structure of the words "Du", "Namely", "14" and "Introduction"

4. Writing: the author's emotion, unchangeable law and reform.

(1) The text is for others to see, which is obscure and simple, and the four-word formula is to ask the people first and then make waves.

(2) Sit and watch silently, learn by heart, concentrate and wave.

Second, the basic methods of learning Chinese well

(1) Method: Method refers to the methods, means or ways people adopt to understand and transform the world.

Ye Shengtao on Chinese learning methods;

"The so-called learning method is nothing more than reference, analysis, comparison, deduction (general individual), induction (individual general), swimming, body odor, language arrangement and acquisition of expression skills."

1, it is impossible to find a method from it, only a method can be found from it.

2. Law is not art, and art is not law.

3, it is regular and impossible.

4. I am cutting the law, your nature (Qi Baishi)

5. I use my method for my own use, and I use the Qing method for my own use (Yu Xin)

Ye Shengtao's Essay on Chinese Education (I)

Everyone has a toddler experience.

Either grab his shoulder or grab his wrist,

As long as you tie your shoelaces, you don't have to worry about the servants.

I went to help, but I was still afraid that my feet were not healthy.

Then the compound wing protects it and never leaves its side.

After that, you can go further and practice steadily step by step.

You don't need wings. It's convenient to walk alone.

He travels thousands of miles every day, starting with how to drink.

Common things like this, if we can learn from them.

More expensive is the teacher's self-reliance practice.

Induction and inspiration, lectures and demonstrations,

Its path is solid and multifaceted, and its ends intersect.

For example, a toddler is eager to walk alone.

What will happen if you walk alone? All kinds of salty self-management:

Difficulties can be self-determined, but the right party can identify them by itself.

Struggle can be self-motivated, and high-tech can explore itself.

It is not just once that scholars have reached this state.

But in the guide, it's kept in a box,

Holding the wings step by step, I finally put them down.

When it lets go, it will become thinner.

Serve the people and make more contributions to the country.

Is winning wings a happy event for Ningfei?

Twenty Rhymes in Chinese Teaching

Teaching is also a multi-skill, the application cares about people, which one looks good and which one doesn't work, and it can also test the body.

By teaching the details, only a glimpse of Chen can make the three evils reach out.

Dont Ask For Help's solution, crazy people don't follow. Is it hard to understand? Concentrate on writing this article.

The author thinks that there is a way, so follow the way to know the truth. The author has a good mind, and the introduction begins with relatives.

A word should not be ignored, the language explains its spirit, but the text is the same, such as Liang and Jin.

Students are making progress, and their wisdom and morality are growing. The arts and sciences are also clear, and the learning skills are gradually pure.

If you give an order to express yourself, two things will be clear. If many people are good at inducing, your achievements will be incoherent.

When you need it urgently, you can express your meaning and the situation will be refreshed. Communication is very different.

One is to enjoy your career, because writing is not bitter, honesty is the most expensive, so why bother to scrutinize it.

Often say peers, shallow and diligent. Willing to encourage and serve the people in the future.

Tao Xingzhi's "Ten Tips for Reading"

First, the order, from shallow to deep, step by step;

Second, be diligent, be good at diligence, and abandon it while playing;

Third, perseverance, perseverance, perseverance;

Fourth, be knowledgeable, starting from the essence and reading widely;

Fifth, ask, don't be ashamed to ask; (Doubt before enlightenment)

Sixth, remember to use more pen and ink and take more notes;

Seven, learning, learning new things from the old; (contact with nature)

Eight, specialization, concentration, singleness and broadness;

Nine, think, think more, apply what you have learned;

Ten, innovation, and so on, dare to innovate.