1. Steady-state error: the steady-state error of the ideal integrator is zero, that is, the output value is exactly the same as the input value when it is stable. However, due to various factors such as nonlinearity and time delay, the actual integrator will lead to certain steady-state errors.
2. Response speed: The response speed of the ideal integrator is infinitely fast, and it can integrate the input signal immediately. However, the response speed of the actual integrator is limited by the characteristics of the device itself and the signal transmission delay, and the response speed is slow.
3. Nonlinear offset: Due to the nonlinear characteristics of components in the actual integrator, such as saturation effect and temperature drift, there may be a deviation between the output value and the input value, that is, nonlinear offset.
4. Robustness: The actual integrator may be greatly influenced by noise, interference, parameter changes and other external factors, so that the output value deviates from the ideal value. The ideal integrator has good robustness because it assumes that these external factors are not considered.
Therefore, there is a big difference between the actual integrator and the ideal integrator, and the performance of the actual integrator is affected by many factors, so it needs to be considered reasonably in design and use.