1, improving the problem: improving the problem aims at improving the ability of primary school students to solve mathematical problems and thinking, and requires them to use what they have learned to solve more complicated problems.

2. Expanding questions: Expanding questions require primary school students to apply their mathematical knowledge to a broader or more abstract field and expand their thinking.

3. Depth questions: Depth questions examine pupils' in-depth understanding and application ability of a certain mathematical concept or principle, and require pupils to use their learned mathematical knowledge for analysis and reasoning.

4. Challenge: Challenge is a more challenging and creative math problem, which requires primary school students to think independently and find solutions. Pupils can be encouraged to put themselves in other's shoes.