Some idioms are not common in the college entrance examination. When making a question, the proposer often looks at the meaning of the text and deliberately misinterprets the meaning. For example:
Empty alleys are crowded with people, hot, bear the brunt, don't talk, and get nothing.
2. Zhang Guan Dai Li used the wrong object.
Idioms have different meanings and different scopes of application. If we don't know the habitual object or scope expressed by idioms, it will lead to arrogance between the stated object and the stated object. For example:
In recent years, some college students who are in their prime are addicted to internet cafes, thus neglecting their studies and wasting their youth, which is really regrettable.
The phrase "cardamom is in bloom" comes from Du Mu's poem "Farewell" in Tang Dynasty: "More than thirteen cardamom blossoms, and cardamom blooms in early February." Later known as the age of thirteen or fourteen. It is obviously inappropriate to use/kloc-a "college student" who is over 0/8 years old. Similar idioms tested in the college entrance examination are: beautiful, sweaty, both sides meet the source, traffic, blooming, dying, magnificent and row upon row.
3, ignore the context, regardless of the scope.
The proposer often deliberately ignores the context and does not consider the scope when setting the interference item, which leads to the examinee's wrong judgment. For example:
As long as you put yourself in the front line of flood fighting and emergency rescue, you can't help but be moved by the spirit of our soldiers who sacrifice themselves for others.
"Put yourself in others' shoes" means "put yourself in others' shoes", and the context of the sentence is "going to the front line of flood fighting and emergency rescue", not imagination, so "put yourself in others' shoes" can't be used here, only "being there" is appropriate.
This is unreasonable and illogical.
There are certain rules in the use of some idioms, for example, modifiers don't match the head word, verbs don't match the object, and some can't take the object themselves. The illogical misuse of idioms is mainly manifested in self-contradiction. For example:
If we ignore the solemn statement and strong protest of the people of China and go our own way, we will surely suffer the consequences.
It was a photo of two people, with a handsome soldier on the left and a weak student on the right.
In the first sentence, the words "ignore" and "ignore" have similar meanings, and "ignore" is often collocated with the preposition "ba", while "ignore" and "ignore" are often collocated with the preposition "dui", so either "dui" is changed to "ba" or "ignore" in the sentence. There are also such words: "Yong" and "Listening" cannot take an object; "Single-minded" and "considerate" cannot be used as modifiers and so on. The "numerous students" in the second sentence means "numerous students". Since it is "many students", why not say "one"? Delete "Shen Xin" and the meaning will be smooth. Similar idioms that have been tested in the college entrance examination are: "Walking slowly" and "Too many cooks".
5, confusing emotions, mixed opinions.
When using idioms, it should be different for different purposes, occasions and objects. They should praise with positive idioms and belittle and criticize with negative idioms. The proposer deliberately uses antonyms, such as:
When Qi Baishi's art exhibition opened, the painters of the Institute of Chinese Painting actually looked at each other, and art lovers flocked to it.
This sentence aims to highlight the enthusiasm of "painters", especially "art lovers", to watch the "Qi Baishi Art Exhibition", but it is expressed by the derogatory idiom "driving ducks to the shelves" (a metaphor for many people rushing to it). Improper use is self-evident and can be described as "in droves". Such idioms also include "by hook or by crook", "by crook", "by crook", "ready to move", "like mushrooms after rain", "with a reputation".
6, bedstead houses overlap, semantic repetition.
The main performance is that the sentence already contains some words with the meaning of this idiom, but the proposer still uses idioms with this meaning, thus causing the problem of overlapping the whole sentence. If not carefully distinguished, it will lead to misjudgment. For example:
Seeing his funny expression, a foreign reporter sitting next to him couldn't help laughing.
"Laughing uncontrollably" means "Laughing uncontrollably", and "Laughing with a snort" and "Laughing with a snort" in the sentence have the same meaning, thus causing repetition. You can delete "hum a laugh" to make the sentence simpler.
7. I don't know the original intention, and the source is unknown.
The meaning of many idioms is later extended, but occasionally its original meaning appears. When an idiom returns to its original meaning, we cannot easily think that it is wrong. For example:
All kinds of naive and absurd myths and legends about the pyramids and the Sphinx show that the ancient Egyptians had a very rich imagination.
"Right and wrong", in Buddhist language, refers to the realm that ordinary people can't reach. Nowadays, it is often compared with things that are divorced from reality and fantasy can't be realized, which contains derogatory meanings. In this sentence, the original intention is used, which is more conducive to expressing the rich imagination of ancient Egyptians. Similar idioms have been tried and tested time and again in the college entrance examination: "vivid", "incisive", "pointing", "no three no four", "bizarre" and "short and pithy".
Second, the common types of errors in sick sentences:
(A) improper word order
Different word orders may express different meanings. Improper word order will make the meaning unclear. Improper word order mainly includes the following situations: improper word order of sentence components, improper word order of attributive adverbials, inversion of subject and object, and improper position of clauses.
1. The position of attribute and head is reversed:
: Exodus This country cannot be self-sufficient in oil production for a long time. ("produced oil" should be "produced oil")
2. Put the attribute in the wrong position of the adverbial:
How to reform the personnel system in the current position of Exodus has aroused heated discussion among the faculty and staff of the whole school.
("enthusiastically" should be put before "discussion". )
3. Error in attributive position adverbial:
Teachers should fully stimulate students' subjective initiative in learning.
Put "full" before "exciting" and delete a "virtue".
4. Improper word order of multi-layer attributives:
: The Exodus This golden jade garment recently exhibited in the Palace Museum in Beijing is a newly unearthed cultural relic more than 2,000 years ago. (After the "newly unearthed" is moved to "exhibition", add "Germany" before "cultural relics". )
5. The word order of multi-layer adverbial is improper.
Exodus: Many delegates had a warm conversation with him in the lounge yesterday. (It should be changed to "talk to him warmly")
6. The position of related words is incorrect:
Exodus: He can't be strict with himself. No matter how strong his ability is, he can't be entrusted with a heavy responsibility.
("Even if" should be moved before "Ability")
7. The subject and object are upside down:
Luo Guanzhong's Romance of the Three Kingdoms is familiar to many Japanese entrepreneurs.
Many Japanese entrepreneurs are familiar with Luo Guanzhong's Romance of the Three Kingdoms. )
8. Improper position of terms:
Exodus: In order to support the people in the disaster area, people in the village would rather give rice and eat corn flour themselves.
The correct statement should be "... I'd rather eat cornmeal myself than give rice." )
(2) Improper collocation
Improper collocation generally includes improper collocation of subject and predicate, improper collocation of verb and object, improper collocation of additional elements and head language, improper collocation of subject and object in the sense, and anaphora errors.
1. Improper collocation of subject and predicate
I think this reply and the investigation and handling of these problems are irresponsible. "Answer" and "investigation and handling" are not attitudes, but improper collocation of subject and predicate, so "yes" can be changed to "expression". )
2. Improper collocation of verbs and objects
Example: The Romance of the Three Kingdoms brilliantly depicts the heroic deeds of Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei at the end of the Han Dynasty.
The verb "shaping" and the object head word "behavior" cannot form a verb-object relationship, so "behavior" can be changed to "image". )
3. Improper collocation of modifiers and headwords
Exodus: The cadres in our class have carefully studied the suggestions made by the students on the work of the class committee, and humbly asked the teachers for their opinions.
As an adverbial, "seriousness" can not modify and restrict "research", but can be changed to "seriousness" and "prudence". )
4. Improper collocation of subject and object.
For example, the so-called "film is like purple gauze" refers to the white film in the shell that is close to the inner wall of the shell. (This is a typical mismatch between subject and object. )
5. Abortion before and after.
Exodus: A correct learning attitude is one of the prerequisites for good grades.
("correctness" is two aspects, "Excellence" is only one aspect, and the collocation before and after is wrong. )
(three) the composition is incomplete or redundant
The so-called incomplete or redundant components refer to the omission or repetition of the main components such as the subject, predicate and object of the sentence or the necessary modifiers and related words, which makes the semantic expression unclear or verbose.
Common ingredients are incomplete or redundant mainly in the following situations:
① Incomplete: lack of subject, predicate and object; Necessary modification components and add-ons are missing.
② Redundancy: redundancy of subject, predicate and object; Decorative ingredients and additional ingredients are redundant.
Under the repeated explanation of director Zhi, his anger gradually subsided and finally a smile appeared on his face.
(The topic is incomplete. This is1item d of question 4 of the national college entrance examination in 992. Due to the use of the preposition "after", the subject of the original sentence becomes an adverbial, resulting in incomplete subject. )
In order to fully popularize the use of rapeseed cake or cottonseed cake to feed pigs and accelerate the development of pig industry, the county held three technical training courses for breeding pigs.
(The object is incomplete, it is 1997, item A of 6 questions in the college entrance examination. The object of "selling" in the sentence should be "experience", not "feeding pigs"; Just add "experience" after "feeding pigs". )
Example 3. After hard struggle, a dam stands tall beside the Tianmu River. There is no predicate in this sentence, and neither the subject "Nanpu people" nor the adverbial "after" in the sentence has a predicate. If we put the word "passing through" at the beginning of the sentence, "passing through Nanpu people" will become an adverbial, "Yiba" will become the subject and "standing" will become the predicate, and such sentence elements will not be incomplete. )
After the National Games, the athletes returned home in triumph.
(the predicate is repeated. "Xuan" means "back" and can be changed to "return in triumph" )
After extensive discussion and repeated revisions, the new reward system was finally put into practice.
(The preposition is redundant. "Zhu" originally means "Yu" here, and together with the preposition "Yu", it is repetitive. )
The reason why I didn't do well in this exam is that I didn't carefully examine the questions according to the teacher's requirements.
("Cause" and "Cause" are repetitive, so you should remove "Cause" or "Cause". )
Structural disorder
The so-called structural confusion refers to the entanglement of two meanings or two sentence patterns, which leads to the unsmooth sentence. The common type of structural confusion is mainly sentence hybridity.
The authors of this academic work are two young professors in Peking University.
(Typical sentence combination. This is a mixture of "the author of the book is two young professors" and "the book was written by two young professors", and "the author" or "written" can be deleted. )