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Information on the winners of previous Nobel Prize in Economics and the reasons for winning ~ ~
The Economic Science Award was added by the Swedish Bank in 1968 to commemorate Nobel, and it is not one of the five award areas mentioned in Nobel's will. The full name is "Swedish Bank Economics Award in memory of alfred nobel", which is usually called the Nobel Prize in Economics, also known as the Swedish Bank Economics Award. The selection criteria are the same as other awards, and the winners are selected by the Academy of Science of the Royal Swedish Academy.

The first prize was awarded in 1969 (the 300th anniversary celebration of the Swedish bank) by Norwegian Friche and Dutchman Jan Timbergen * * *, and American economists Samuelson and Friedman all won this honor.

age

Winner (country)

Reasons for winning the prize

When winning the prize

system

Affiliation at the time of grant

field

field

1969

Lanner Frish

Ragnar Frish [2]

(Norway)

They built a dynamic model to analyze the economic process. The former is one of the founders of modern economics, and the latter is the founder of comprehensive macroeconomic model.

Econometrics of University of Oslo, Norway

Jane dingbergen

Jan Dingbergen [3]

(Netherlands)

Netherlands Institute of Economics.

econometrics

1970

paul a samuelson

Paul samuelson [4] (USA)

He developed mathematics and dynamic economic theory and raised economic science to a new level. His research covers all fields of economics.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

General equilibrium theory,

Local equilibrium theory

197 1

Simon Kuznets

Simon Kuznets [5]

(USA)

He has made great contributions to the research on the relationship between population development trend, population structure and economic growth and income distribution.

Harvard University

Economic growth,

economic history

1972

John Hicks

John Hicks [6]

(UK)

They deeply studied the theory of economic equilibrium and welfare economics.

Wanling college

(Oxford University)

General equilibrium theory,

Welfare economics theory

Kenneth Arrow

Kenneth J. Arrow [7]

(USA)

Harvard University

1973

Hua Xili Leontief

Wassily Leontief [8]

(USA)

Input-output method has been developed and applied to many important economic problems.

Input-output analysis of Harvard University in the United States

1974

Karl Gunnar Myrdal

Gunnar Murdahl [9]

(Sweden)

They deeply studied monetary theory and economic fluctuations, and deeply analyzed the interdependence of economic, social and institutional phenomena.

Data is temporarily unavailable

Macroeconomics

Institutional economics

Friedrich August von Hayek

Friedrich August von Hayek [10] (UK)

1975

Leonid kantorovich kantorovich [1 1] (USSR)

The former established a world-famous linear programming point at 1939, while the latter successfully applied mathematical statistics to econometrics, making contributions to the theory of optimal allocation of resources.

Russian Academy of Sciences

Theory of optimal allocation of resources

Garin koopman

Tjalling C. Koopmans [12] (USA)

Yale University, USA

1976

Milton Friedman

Milton friedman [13]

(USA)

Establish monetarism theory and put forward the hypothesis of permanent income.

Macroeconomics of University of Chicago, USA

1977

Gotthard Bertil Ohlin

Bertil Ohlin [14]

(Sweden)

Pioneering research on international trade theory and international capital flow.

International Economics of Stockholm School of Economics

James Edward Meade

James meade [15]

(UK)

University of Cambridge, UK

1978

Herbert Simon

Sima He [16]

(USA)

This paper studies the decision-making procedure in economic organizations. This basic theory about decision-making procedure is considered as an original view about the actual decision-making of companies and enterprises.

Carnegie Mellon University Management Science, USA

1979

Theodore W.Schultz

Theodore schultz [17]

(USA)

Pioneering research has been carried out in economic development, and in-depth research has been carried out on issues that developing countries should particularly consider in economic development.

University of Chicago Development Economics, USA

William Arthur Lewis

Sir Arthur Lewis [18]

(Saint Lucia)

Princeton University

1980

Lawrence Klein

Lawrence Klein [19]

(USA)

Based on economic theory and empirical estimation of real data in real economy, the mathematical model of economic system is established.

Macroeconomics, University of Pennsylvania, USA

198 1

James Tobin

James tobin [20]

(USA)

Elaborated and developed a series of Keynesian theories and macro models of fiscal and monetary policies, which made important contributions to the analysis of financial markets and related expenditure decisions, employment, products and prices.

Macroeconomics of Yale University, USA

1982

George Joseph Stigler

George stigler [2 1]

(USA)

He has made great creative contributions to the industrial structure, the role of the market and the role and influence of public economic laws and regulations.

University of Chicago Industrial Organization, USA

1983

Gerard Debreu

Gerard debreu [22]

(France)

Pareto optimal theory is summarized, and the existence theorem of social equilibrium of commodity economy is established.

General Equilibrium Theory of University of California, USA

1984

John richard nicolas stone Richard Si Tong [23] (UK)

The father of national economic statistics has made a fundamental contribution to the development of the national accounts system and greatly improved the foundation of economic empirical analysis.

National income accounting of Cambridge University

1985

Franco Modigliani

Franco Modigliani (Italy)

The life cycle hypothesis of savings was put forward for the first time and widely used in the study of household and enterprise savings.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

Macroeconomics

1986

James McGill Buchanan

James buchanan Jr. [24] (USA)

Combining the analysis of political decision with economic theory, economic analysis can be extended and applied to the choice of social, political, laws and regulations.

Public choice research center

research centre

Public choice

(located in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States of America)

fiscal science

1987

Robert merton solo

Robert solow [25]

(USA)

Contributing to the growth theory, it is pointed out that long-term economic growth mainly depends on technological progress, rather than the input of capital and labor.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

Economic growth theory

1988

Maurice Araes

Maurice Correze [26]

(France)

He made a pioneering contribution to the market theory and the effective utilization of resources, and systematically expounded the general equilibrium theory.

National Institute for Advanced Mining in Paris

Local equilibrium theory,

Comprehensive equilibrium theory

1989

Trygve Haavelmo

Trygve haavelmo [27]

(Norway)

Established the basic guiding principles of modern econometrics.

Econometrics of University of Oslo, Norway

1990

Markowitz

Harry Marcovitz [28] (USA)

They have done pioneering work in financial economics.

Financial Economics of City University of new york, USA

Merton Miller

Merton miller [29]

(USA)

University of Chicago

William sharpe

William sharpe [30] (USA)

Stanford University, USA

199 1

Ronald Harry Coase

Ronald coase [3 1]

(UK)

Reveals and clarifies the importance of transaction costs and property rights in the structure and function of the economic system.

University of Chicago

Market theory

organization

1992

Gary Stanley Becker

Gary S. Becker [32]

(USA)

Expand the theory of microeconomics to the analysis of human behavior, including non-market economic behavior.

University of Chicago

Microeconomics,

socioeconomics

1993

robert w. fogel

Robert W. Fogel [33]

(USA)

The former reinterprets the past economic development process with new economic history theory and mathematical tools; The latter established the "institutional change theory" including property right theory, state theory and ideology theory.

Economic history of university of Chicago, USA

douglass c.north

Douglas North [34] (USA)

Washington University, USA

1994

John Halsani

John C. Harsanyi [35]

(USA)

These three mathematicians have made pioneering contributions to the equilibrium analysis theory of non-cooperative games and exerted great influence on game theory and economics.

University of California game theory

John Forbes Nash

Little johnf nash [36]

(USA)

Princeton University

Reinhard zelten

Reinhard Zelten [37]

(Germany)

University of Bonn, Germany

1995

robert e.lucas jr

Robert Lucas, Jr. [38] (USA)

Advocated and developed the application theory of rational expectation and macroeconomic research, deepened people's understanding of economic policy, and put forward unique views on economic cycle theory.

Macroeconomics of University of Chicago, USA

1996

James Mirrlees

James Mirrlees [39] (UK)

The former has made great contributions in the theoretical field of information economics, especially in the economic incentive theory under asymmetric information, while the latter has made great contributions in information economics, incentive theory and game theory.

Information Economics of Cambridge University, UK

William Vickrey

William Vickrey [40]

(USA)

Columbia University, USA

1997

Robert merton

Robert C. Merton [4 1]

(USA)

The former further weakens the assumption on which the Black-Scholes formula depends and extends it in many aspects. The latter gives the famous Black-Scholes option pricing formula, which becomes the thinking method of financial institutions involving new financial products. However, the Long-term Asset Management Company (LTCM), which was operated by the award-winning theory the following year, also ended in bankruptcy due to the invalidation of its formula.

Information Economics of Harvard University, USA

Myron Samuel Scholes

Miron Scholes [42]

(USA)

American long-term capital management company

1998

Amartya sen

Amartya Sen [43]

(India)

He has made contributions to several major issues of welfare economics, including the theory of social choice, the definition of welfare and poverty standards, and the study of scarcity.

Welfare Economics of Trinity College, Cambridge University

1999

robert a. mundell

Robert A. Mundell [44]

(Canada)

His analysis of monetary and fiscal policies under different exchange rate systems and the most suitable currency circulation areas won him this honor.

International macroeconomics, Columbia University, USA

2000

James Heikman.

James heckman [45] (USA)

In the field of microeconomics, they have developed theories and methods widely used for empirical analysis of individual and family behaviors.

Econometrics of University of Chicago, USA

daniel l mcfadden

Daniel· L· McFadden [46] (USA)

california university

200 1

George akerlof

George A. Akerlof [47th to 48th sessions] (USA)

It laid the foundation for the general theory of asymmetric information market, and their theory was quickly applied. From the traditional agricultural market to the modern financial market, their contributions come from the core of modern information economics.

University of California information economics

Michael Spencer.

A. Michael spence [49] (USA)

Stanford University, USA

Joseph Eugene Stiglitz

Joseph Stiglitz [50]

(USA)

Columbia University, USA

2002

Daniel Kahneman

Daniel Kahneman [5 1] (USA)

Combining psychoanalysis with economic research has laid a foundation for opening up a new field of economic research.

Princeton University

Economic psychology,

Experimental economics

vernon l. smith

Vernon L. Smith [52]

(USA)

A series of experimental methods have been created, and the standards for reliable economic research have been set through laboratory experiments.

George Mei Sen University.

2003

Robert Engel

Robert Engel III [53] (USA)

Analyzing economic time series with two new methods: "changing with time" and "* * * with the same trend" has great influence on economic research and economic development.

Econometrics of new york University, USA

Clive Granger

Clive Granger

(UK)

california university

2004

Finn Kidland

Finn Kidland [54-55] (Norway)

The "Time Consistency Problem" of Macroeconomic Policy and the Influencing Factors of Economic Cycle

Macroeconomics of Carnegie Mellon University and University of California, USA

edward c. prescott

Edward C.Prescott [56] (USA)

Arizona State University Minneapolis Federal Reserve Bank

2005

Robert John Aumann

Robert aumann [57-58] (Israel)

Promote the understanding of conflict and cooperation through game theory analysis.

Game theory of rational analysis center of Hebrew University in Jerusalem, Israel

Thomas Crombie Schelling Thomas C. Schelling [58-59] (USA)

Department of Economics and School of Public Policy, University of Maryland

2006

EdmundS . Phelps

Edmund S. Phelps [60] (USA)

Research achievements in the field of macroeconomic intertemporal decision-making trade-offs

Macroeconomics of Columbia University, USA

2007

Leonid Leonid Hurvich

Leonid hurwicz [6 1]

(USA)

It laid the foundation for mechanism design theory.

Microeconomics, University of Minnesota, USA

Eric Maskin

Eric maskin [62]

(USA)

Princeton Institute for Advanced Studies, USA

Roger Melson

Roger B. Myerson [63-64] (USA)

University of Chicago

2008

paul r. krugman

paul r. krugman

(USA)

Regional analysis of trade patterns and economic activities

Princeton University

International economics,

regional economics

2009

Elinor Ostrom

Elinor ostrom [67-7 1] (USA)

Economic governance, especially the contribution to ordinary people and economic governance analysis, especially the contribution to the marginal field of enterprises.

Indiana University, USA,

Arizona State University

Economic governance

Oliver Williamson

Oliver williamson [7 1-72] (USA)

california university

20 10

Peter Diamond

Peter Diamond [73-75] (USA)

He has made outstanding contributions to "market search theory".

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

Search theory,

labor economics

Dale Martzen

Dale T. Mortensen [74] (USA)

Aarhus University, Denmark,

Northwestern University, USA

Christopher Pisarri [74]

(Cyprus)

London School of Economics and Political Science

20 1 1

thomas j. sargent

Thomas Sargent [78-80] (USA)

An empirical study on causality in macroeconomics [8 1]

Macroeconomics of new york University, USA

christopher a.sims

Christopher sims [78] [82] (USA)

Princeton University

20 12

Irwin Rose

Alvin E. Roth [83-89]

(USA)

Establish the theory of "stable distribution" and practice "market design" [90]

Harvard university, USA,

Harvard business school, USA

theory of game

Royde shapley

Lloyd S. Shapley [84-88]

(USA)

california university

20 13 Eugene Fama (USA) Empirical Analysis of Asset Price: Financial Economics of University of Chicago

Lars Peter Hansen peter hansen (USA) University of Chicago

Yale University, Robert Shiller, Robert Shiller (USA)

20 14 jean tirole jean tirole's research and analysis on market power and regulation. Supervision Economics of Toulouse School of Economics, France