Thesis is a Chinese word, and its pinyin is lùn wén, which is a common word in classical literature and refers to conversation or exchange of ideas.

Nowadays, papers are often used to refer to articles that conduct research in various academic fields and describe academic research results, which are referred to as papers for short. It is not only a means to discuss problems in academic research, but also a tool to describe academic research results in academic exchanges. Including academic papers, graduation papers, dissertations, scientific papers, achievement papers and so on.

Matters needing attention in writing abstract

① Don't simply repeat the existing information in the title, avoid writing the contents of the introduction into the abstract, don't copy the subtitle (table of contents) in the text of the paper or the text of the conclusion part of the paper, and don't interpret the content of the paper.

(2) Try to use written narrative, and don't list the data in the paper in the abstract; The words should be concise, exclude the content that has become common sense in this subject field, and delete meaningless or unnecessary words; The contents should not be displayed, examples should not be cited, and the research process should not be introduced.

The content of the abstract must be complete, and the main contents (or opinions) expounded in the paper can not be omitted, but should be written into short articles that can be used independently.

Generally, it is not segmented, and continuous writing is prohibited. The statement should be objective, and it is not suitable for subjective evaluation of the research process, methods and achievements, nor for comparative explanation with other people's research.