British physicist, chemist and famous self-taught scientist.

1791September 22nd was born in a poor blacksmith family in Newington, Surrey. Because his family is poor, he only attended primary school for a few years. 13 years old, apprenticed in a bookstore. His work in the bookstore gave him the opportunity to read many science books. After delivering the newspaper for binding, he taught himself chemistry and electricity and began to do simple experiments to verify the contents of the book. Use his free time. After listening to the lecture on natural philosophy, he received the basic education of natural science. Because he loved scientific research and devoted himself to it, he was appreciated by British chemist David. 18 13 In March, David recommended him to the Royal Institute as a laboratory assistant. This was a turning point in Faraday's life, and he embarked on the road of devoting himself to scientific research. In the same year, in June of 10, David went to the European continent for a scientific investigation and gave lectures. Faraday went with him as his secretary and assistant. A year and a half later, he passed through France, Switzerland, Italy, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands and other countries, and met famous scholars Ampere and Gay-Lussac. Faraday helped David to do many chemical experiments along the way, which greatly enriched his scientific knowledge and increased his experimental ability. This laid the foundation for his independent scientific research. In May 2005, he returned to the Royal Institute to conduct chemical research under the guidance of David. 10 was elected as a member of the royal society, and was appointed as the laboratory director of the royal research institute in February, and in May 1833-65833.

Edison

The world-famous American electrician and inventor is known as the "king of inventions in the world". In addition to his inventions and contributions in phonograph, electric light, telephone, telegraph and film, he also has many famous creations and opinions in the fields of mining, construction and chemical industry. Edison had about 2,000 inventions in his life, which made great contributions to the progress of human civilization.

Edison was also a great entrepreneur. 1879, Edison founded "Edison Electric Lighting Company", 1880, incandescent lamps went on the market, 1890, Edison has established its various businesses into Edison General Electric Company. 189 1 year, Edison's thin filament and incandescent lamp are used for sale. Houston Company and Edison Electric Lighting Company merged to form General Electric Company, which opened the hegemony of General Electric in the electrical field for a century.

maxwell

Maxwell was a great British physicist and mathematician in the19th century. He was born in Edinburgh, Scotland on June 183 1 13. His father is a knowledgeable lawyer. Maxwell received a good education from an early age. He entered Edinburgh Middle School at the age of 10. /kloc-at the age of 0/4, he published a paper on the drawing of conic in the Journal of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, which showed his outstanding talent. /kloc-entered the university of Edinburgh to study mathematics and physics at the age of 0/847. 1850 transferred to the mathematics department of trinity college, Cambridge university. 1854 won the Smith Scholarship with the second place. He stayed in school for two years after graduation. 1856, he became a professor of natural philosophy at Marisa University in Aberdeen, Scotland. 1860, he became a professor of natural philosophy and astronomy at King's College London. 18 1 year, he was elected as a member of the Royal Society of London. In the spring of 2008+0865, he resigned and returned to his hometown, systematically summarizing his research achievements in electromagnetism. He completed the classic masterpiece of electromagnetic field theory, On Electricity and Magnetism, which was published in 1873. 187 1 was appointed as the newly established professor of experimental physics in Cavendish, Cambridge University, responsible for the preparation of the famous Cavendish laboratory. After the completion of 1874, he served as the first director of the laboratory until 1879.

Bi sheng

Bi Sheng (? -105 1) China ancient inventor, Buyi nationality, was born in Hezhi Township, Qishui County, Qi State, Huainan Road (now Wuguidun Village, Caopandi Town, yingshan county City, Hubei Province). He started as a printer, specializing in manual printing. He was well aware of the difficulties of block printing in his printing practice, and seriously summed up the experience of his predecessors, and invented block printing in the Tang Dynasty.

First place: Leonardo da Vinci (Italy)

The most famous invention: calculator

When it comes to Leonardo da Vinci and his inventions, you'd better ask such a question: "What didn't he invent?" Because he invented many things. There are many design drawings in Leonardo da Vinci's work log, but the most noteworthy is the design of the calculator. Imagine what science would be like without simple and complicated mathematical operations.

Leonardo da Vinci was the founder of the Renaissance. He can draw (such as the famous Mona Lisa), sculpt and invent. His diary has fascinated the whole world so far, describing many things from the human body to helicopters and tanks.

The coolest fact: Da Vinci's diary is more than 13000 pages long, which still affects scientific research. In 2005, a British surgeon used the method designed by Leonardo da Vinci to perform heart repair surgery, which was surprising in itself. It would be amazing if you knew that Leonardo da Vinci had no idea about the working mechanism of the human circulatory system at that time.

Second place: nikola tesla (USA)

The most famous invention: radio

Although nikola tesla was not recognized before his death, the US Supreme Court finally affirmed his patent application and confirmed that he, not Marconi, invented the radio.

Maybe Tesla was born unconventional. Although a transmission mode called "alternating current" invented by him has been applied so far, in fact, his research focuses on the theoretical application of electricity (unfortunately, many research results still stay on the drawing board). It is this Tesla who always makes his own experimental equipment (such as the famous Tesla coil used to collect electric energy) and puts forward a series of systems from X-rays to seismographs.