You might think, "Isn't this too simple? Still need to work hard to enlighten? Just these graphics, a child can remember them quickly. "

If you understand this, then you must regard the problem of "graphics" as a problem that can be solved only by memory without thinking.

For example, you may have the experience of holding a triangle puzzle and telling your child that it is a triangle. Children usually have a strong memory and will soon remember it.

But if you draw a triangle with a different shape on paper next time and ask him what shape it is, he probably won't know it again.

Why is this? Because children only remember that specific figure, relying on their powerful camera-like memory, and don't understand what characteristics the figure conforms to is called a triangle, so you give him a changed triangle, and they don't know.

Simple memory does not mean that the enlightenment of graphics has been completed.

In the early childhood before the age of 6, the goal of enlightening children with graphics is to let children really master the characteristics and significance of graphics through repeated observation, communication, thinking and even imagination.

For example, three sides form a triangle, and four sides of a square are equal ... which lays the foundation for children to learn geometry in the future.

So what development stages do children have to go through to know and understand graphics?

Second, children understand the three stages of graphics

The first stage: I can know a complete closed figure and begin to understand the figures with mathematical significance, such as circles and squares.

At this time, children will have a typical behavior, that is, touch the outline around the object with their hands, and then put their hands in. This is their exploration behavior for graphics.

At this stage, we should create more opportunities for them, such as finding building blocks with different shapes for them, or digging holes with different shapes in a box for them to feel.

Generally speaking, 3-year-old children can basically find the most recognizable circles, squares and triangles; You can complete pattern matching, and you can also find the specified pattern from multiple patterns and name the pattern.

The second stage: you can distinguish between straight line graphics and curve graphics.

At this time, they can know rectangle, semicircle, diamond and trapezoid on the basis of the first stage, and know that they are straight lines, while circles and ellipses are curves.

Generally, after the age of 4, children's ability to master plane graphics has been greatly improved. They can accurately identify these graphics from the environment, and they can name them regardless of color, size and location.

The third stage: begin to know that plane graphics are different from three-dimensional graphics, and you can know basic three-dimensional graphics, such as balls, cylinders, cubes and cuboids.

5-year-old children have been able to accurately say the names and characteristics of known graphics; Can filter, classify and arrange things according to their geometric characteristics.

These three stages are a development law for children to know different graphics. But for each specific number, the child's learning process is also regular.

Generally speaking, the order in which children know a figure is "matching-recognition-naming".

For example, the Zhihu Circle.

At first, they can only find two circles from many figures, and they can realize that the two figures are the same or similar.

Slowly, you say to him, "honey, which one is round?" Find a circle. " He can find out, this is called "identification";

Finally, we can see the actual figure and tell it is a "circle".

So pairing is the easiest, followed by recognition, and it is the most difficult to say the name when you see the picture.

You need to be a careful parent, always pay attention to your child's development level and adjust your enlightenment means.

Third, how to teach children to master the graphics in space?

Teach you five training methods that can fully stimulate children's interest:

The first trick: encourage children to see, touch and play with objects with their hands.

Researchers have found that children have been using vision to identify the shape of graphics since infancy. They like to look at their mother's face and patterned pictures, which can be judged by the length of time the children stare.

When the child reaches out and wants to touch it, you'd better satisfy the child's wishes;

Because children can catch objects harmoniously with their eyes, rubber toys or model cards with object shapes, such as apples, balls and bananas, are better. They will actively feel the shape of an object by touching it and putting it in their mouth to taste it.

It is not until two or three years old that children can develop the ability to match and identify shapes by combining language expressions, but it is this early experience that gives them the most stable judgment ability to identify the shape of objects.

The second trick: I'll teach you two fun games.

The biggest charm of these two games is that children are not simply bored to repeat shapes in the game, but have been thinking about shapes.

1. origami game

Colour a shape