First of all, we should master "addition and subtraction within 10" and "addition and subtraction within 20". As a key primary stage, the primary learning of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division will have a far-reaching impact on students' further study in the future. Teaching practice tells us that any complex problem is composed of a simple one. Whether it's multiplication and division of two digits or multiplication and division of two digits, or other more complicated calculation problems, their basic knowledge is "addition and subtraction within 10", "addition and subtraction within 20" and "formula of 99 multiplication". If they don't blurt it out without thinking, it will affect the complicated operation and reasoning behind. If you don't master "addition and subtraction within 10", "addition and subtraction within 20" and "99 multiplication formula", you will be unhappy and inaccurate in middle and high grades.
Second, strengthen the training of oral ability. "Elementary School Mathematics Syllabus" points out: "To cultivate students' computing ability, we should pay attention to basic oral calculation training. Oral calculation is not only the basis of written calculation, estimation and simple operation, but also an important part of computing ability. "
Only with strong oral calculation ability can we speed up the written calculation and improve the calculation accuracy. There is relatively little teaching content in the lower grades. Teachers can give children time to do it in class. At this time, students' attention is very concentrated, which will also effectively improve students' calculation speed. You can also take the form of contest reading and contest calculation, which can often arouse students' enthusiasm, but this requires teachers to know well and be able to clarify the level of each child. Oral arithmetic should not only time, but also show children right and wrong. Those who can get full marks within the specified time should be rewarded in time to arouse students' attention to verbal arithmetic, thus improving this ability.
Third, pay attention to the accumulation of wrong questions
Students' learning is a process of repeated understanding and practice, and mistakes are always inevitable. Especially junior students, because of their age characteristics, it is easy to forget what they have just learned. Therefore, teachers should know the problems in students' calculation in time, deeply analyze the causes of their calculation errors, and carry out targeted teaching. Teachers should focus on analyzing the causes of wrong questions because of people and questions. Most students do wrong questions, so teachers should focus on explaining and analyzing the causes of mistakes. For students with poor foundation who often make mistakes, teachers should spend more time tutoring after class. Students should reflect on the mistakes in oral calculation. Every student should prepare a notebook, write down the mistakes in daily homework, and write down the mistakes and correction methods. In addition, we should take similar problems that students often make as students' classroom tests and give feedback again to understand the learning effect of students after correcting their mistakes. The practice of correcting mistakes requires students to judge right and wrong → find out the mistakes → analyze the reasons for the mistakes → correct them. The classroom takes the form of a small doctor's career-seeking competition, so that students can gain knowledge in the competition. "Error correction" can not only satisfy students to identify the causes of errors and correct them, but also achieve the effect of prevention. Educate students to correct these mistakes and encourage them if they have no mistakes.
Fourth, help students understand arithmetic and reveal laws.
In computing teaching, to make students understand arithmetic, they should not only know what it is, but also know why it is. In this way, the teaching of calculation will become lively and colorful. Junior high school students' intuitive thinking dominates and gradually transitions to abstract thinking. Psychologists believe that thinking begins with action. In order to make students master mathematical knowledge and promote the development of thinking, we must build a bridge between thinking in images and mathematical abstraction and give full play to the role of learning tools. In the teaching of adding a few to nine, we can invite sticks to study together, and optimize the method of adding ten in the students' hands-on operation, which will lay the foundation for continuing to learn carry addition and abdication subtraction in the future. We can also use students' existing knowledge and experience to understand new knowledge, construct the main way of teaching knowledge structure, properly use old knowledge in teaching, assimilate new knowledge through analogy, and realize the positive transfer of knowledge, which is conducive to students' understanding of new knowledge and cognition of new cognitive structure. For example, students who want to add and subtract. Continue to learn through the connection between knowledge. Let students understand thoroughly, so that they can use this method correctly and skillfully to calculate.
Fifth, cultivate junior students to develop good calculation habits.
Good computing habits directly affect the formation and improvement of students' computing ability. Many students can understand and master the calculation rules, but they often make mistakes, mainly because they lack strict training and do not develop good study habits.
To improve students' computing ability, we must pay attention to the cultivation of good computing habits. 1 Let students form the habit of proofreading carefully. Ask students to proofread the copied questions carefully, accurate to numbers and symbols, and don't miss anything. Let students form the habit of examining questions. Ask students to see every data and operation symbol in the topic clearly, determine the operation order and choose a reasonable operation method. Make students form the habit of careful calculation and standardized writing. Students are required to write neatly and the writing format should be standardized. At the same time, those who can do oral calculations should do oral calculations, and those who can't do oral calculations should write carefully. When calculating vertically, the numbers should be aligned and there should be an appropriate interval between the numbers. Let students form the habit of estimation and conscious inspection. Teachers should teach students the methods of checking calculation and estimation, put forward strict requirements by taking checking calculation as an important link in the calculation process, and advocate using estimation to test the correctness of answers.
Computing teaching is a long and complicated teaching process, and it is not a one-off event to improve students' computing ability. As the saying goes, if you want to practice a perfect skill, you must never leave your fist and mouth, and so does the cultivation of speech ability. It is a cumulative process, and only with the joint efforts of teachers and students can we see the results.