1646, Polish missionary Monig came to China, and mathematicians Fang Zhongtong and others followed him to study western science. After Muniting's death, Fang Zhongtong and others compiled A Summary of Calendar Societies, trying to integrate China, France and western France.
The mathematical content in the almanac mainly includes the proportional logarithm table. New proportional four-line table and trigonometric algorithm.
The first two books introduced the logarithm invented and modified by British mathematicians Napier and Briggs. In addition to the spherical triangle introduced in the almanac of Chongzhen, there is also a half-angle formula in the later book. Half arc formula? German proportional formula? Naisler's proportional formula, etc.
Fang Zhongtong's personal book Sudoku explains the logarithmic theory. The introduction of logarithm is very important to the development of mathematics and is immediately applied to calendar calculation.
Beginners in the Qing Dynasty learned a lot from studying Chinese and western mathematics and wrote many books handed down from generation to generation. Among them, Mei Series and Visual Research have great influence.
Mei Wending is a master of western mathematics. His solution to linear equations in traditional mathematics? Pythagoras' solution and the method of finding the positive root of higher power were sorted out and studied, which made the mathematics of Ming Dynasty on the verge of withering appear vitality. Xirao Nian's Vision is the first book in China to introduce the western perspective.
Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty attached great importance to western science. Besides studying astronomy and mathematics by himself, he also trained some talents and translated some works.
17 12, multidisciplinary scientist mingjiatu? Astronomer Chen Houyao compiled an astronomical algorithm book according to the will of Emperor Kangxi, and completed the 100 volume of "Fa Li Yuan", which was published in the name of Emperor Kangxi "Yu Ding" in 1723.
Among them, mathematics essence is divided into two parts. The first part includes the elements of geometry? The original algorithm, all translated from French works; Does the second part include arithmetic? Algebra? Plane geometry, plane triangle? Elementary mathematics, such as solid geometry, is expressed by prime numbers? Logarithmic table and trigonometric function table.
Because Essentials of Mathematics is a comprehensive encyclopedia of elementary mathematics, and it is also known as "Yu Ding" in Kangxi, it has certain influence on mathematics research at that time.
To sum up, we can see that mathematicians in the early Qing Dynasty did a lot of work on western mathematics and achieved many original results.