Senior one mathematics knowledge points
Understanding and addition and subtraction of 1-5
I. Understanding of 1-5
Meaning of the numbers 1 and 1-5: Each number can represent the number of different objects. How many objects are there?
2, 1-5.
From beginning to end: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
From the back to the front: 5, 4, 3, 2, 1.
3. How to write the number 1-5: Write it carefully and neatly according to the shape of each number and its position in Tian Zige.
Second, the specific size.
1, the number in front is equal to the number in the back, which is represented by "=", that is, 3=3, which is read as 3 equals 3. The front number is greater than the back number, so it is represented by ">", that is, 3 >; 2, pronounced 3 is greater than 2. The front number is smaller than the back number, so use "
2. fill in ">" or "
Third, what number?
1. When determining the arrangement order of objects, first determine the direction of counting, and then start counting from 1, and count to what number, and the order is "which number". It refers to one of them.
2. Distinguish between "a few" and "which one"
"Several" refers to the number of objects, and "Which" refers to only one of them.
Fourth, separation and combination.
Composition of numbers: A number (except 1) is divided into several and several. Divide it into 1 and a few, and then divide it into 1. For example, the composition of 5 is 1 and 4, 2 and 3, 3 and 2, 4 and 1.
When a number is divided into several numbers and several numbers, it should be decomposed in an orderly manner to prevent repetition or omission.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) addition
1, the meaning of addition: put the two parts together, find a * * *, and calculate by addition.
2. Calculation method of addition: To calculate the addition of numbers within 5, you can use methods such as point number, down number, and combination of numbers. Among them, the synthetic calculation of numbers is the most commonly used method.
Sixth, subtraction.
1, the meaning of subtraction: remove (subtract) a part from the total, and calculate how much is left by subtraction.
2. Calculation method of subtraction: When calculating subtraction, you can use countdown, divisor, addition and subtraction, etc.
Seven, zero
1, where 0: 0 means there is no object and it also means the starting point.
2,0 Pronunciation: 0 Pronunciation: zero.
3. How to write 0: Write 0 from top to bottom, from left to right, the starting point and the receiving point should be connected together, and the writing should be smooth and not angular.
Addition and subtraction of 4.0: any number added to 0 will get this number, and any number subtracted from 0 will get this number. Similarly, the subtraction of two numbers is equal to 0.
Such as: 0+8=8, 9-0=9, 4-4=0.
Summary of knowledge points in the second volume of mathematics in the first grade of primary school
I. Place
1. Representation of position: up, down, left, right, front and back.
Up, down, left, right, front and back.
2. When filling in the positional relationship containing ordinal numbers, first look at how the position of a given object is counted, then the positions of other objects are also counted in the same order. See page 5 of the textbook.
Second, the abdication subtraction within 20
1. method:
① Addition and subtraction 12-9= 3.
Technology: Xiang 9 3 = 12
Then 12-9= 3.
② decomposition method 12-9 = 3
Process: decompose 12 into 10 and 2.
Let's calculate first: 10-9= 1.
Recalculation: 1 2=3
2. Application questions:
(1) One part and the other part of the known conditions are summed and added.
Common keywords in the question: 1 * * *, * *, total, original, etc.
(2) Know the total number and part of it under known conditions, find the other part and calculate it by subtraction.
Common keywords in the problem: surplus, surplus, should be found, etc.
Third, the combination of graphics.
1. Combination of plane graphics
(1) Distinguish between a square and a rectangle.
The characteristics of rectangle: two opposite long sides are equal, and two opposite short sides are equal.
Characteristics of a square: all four sides are equal in length.
Square (four axes of symmetry) rectangle (two axes of symmetry)
(2) General assembly:
① Two identical rectangles can be spelled into squares and rectangles.
② Two identical squares can be made into a rectangle.
(3) Four identical small squares can be made into squares and rectangles.
2. The combination of three-dimensional graphics
(1) Distinguish Cubes from Cubes
Cuboid: There are 6 faces, and the opposite faces are the same.
Cube: There are six faces, and each face is the same. They are all squares.
(2) General assembly
(1) Two identical cuboids can be spliced into cuboids.
② Eight identical cubes can be combined into a big cube.
When there are many cubes overlapping, don't forget to count the small cubes at the bottom or back.
Mathematics learning methods and skills
Carefully arrange exercise activities.
Every lesson in primary school mathematics is inseparable from practice, which plays an important role in mathematics education. This textbook provides rich training resources for teachers and students, and teachers should constantly explore how to arrange training activities.
In education, teachers should start from students' learning and opening needs, arrange rich and humorous drills, and attach importance to students' emotional understanding in drills.
For example, when teaching "Knowing Half Time", after studying the time-sharing characteristics of the hour hand and the minute hand, the teacher asked the students to participate in different drills. (1) said. Tell the children's activity time, class time, practice time and reading time on their way to school, and then talk about what they are doing in half the day.
② Interactive games. Listen to the instructions of one party and dial the clock time. First, the teacher gives instructions, the students dial, and then work together at the same table. One shows the time and the other dials. ③ Leisure choice. Set aside your favorite time on the clock and tell your friends what you are doing at this time ... After all, every student has planned a happy Sunday for himself. Every activity is closely linked and gives the flavor of the day. Let students feel the mathematics in life with the common sense of practical activities; Through practical activities, students' love of learning and using mathematics is stimulated, and practical knowledge and applied knowledge are gradually formed together.
Attach importance to the cultivation of good study habits
Study habits directly affect the quality of students' study and the opening of their talents and temperament. Students' good study habits are gradually formed in day-to-day study activities. Without the guidance and help of teachers. Every math teacher should pay full attention to the composition of students' excellent study habits, and cultivate students' excellent study habits throughout the whole process of education. For example, in the education of "counting", teachers seize the first class for students to enter school, make full use of the picture resources of "beautiful campus" and teach students to look at pictures and count.
Let students know the counting method from leisure inquiry to orderly inquiry. In this activity, the teacher repeatedly asked, "What else?" Let the students understand and ask carefully. And after praising the students-"these students are very careful and the officers are very careful", let the students understand that these are all excellent habits. For another example, when writing "0" in education, the teacher asked the students to query "0", described the shape of 0 in their own words, and described and demonstrated the writing of 0 for the students. After that, arrange the book space, draw 0 and write 0 independently, so that students can gradually form the technology of writing 0.
In the learning activity of writing 0, the teacher asked the students to comment on the 0 written by their friends, so that the students could further understand how to write well. I also specially arranged "What do you think should be paid attention to when writing 0?" "What do you want to say to the children in our class?" Exchange activities. Students know their own experience of writing 0, sum up their progress and tell it to the whole class. In the learning activities of Writing 0, students can understand the writing method of Writing 0 through inquiry and listening, clearly understand the normative requirements of Writing 0 through writing, commenting and communication, and experience the behavioral requirements of serious writing together. The educational activity of "writing 0" has broken the previous mode of mechanical writing, enabled students to acquire the skills of writing 0 together, and gained openness in mathematics consideration, verbal communication, emotional state of mind, excellent behavior habits and so on.
Summary of key knowledge points of senior one mathematics;
★ Knowledge points of the first volume of mathematics in Grade One of People's Education Edition
★ Summary of compulsory knowledge points in first grade mathematics.
★ The key arrangement at the end of the first volume of the first grade mathematics.
★ Encyclopedia of Mathematics Learning Methods in Different Grades
★ Sort out the knowledge points of first-grade mathematics.
★ Guidance of mathematics learning methods in the first grade of primary school
★ Review knowledge points of senior one mathematics: number and algebra
★ Learn the knowledge points of the first volume of mathematics in senior one.
★ Summary of difficulties and learning methods of mathematics knowledge points in senior one.
★ The learning focus of first-grade mathematics