China is one of the countries with the earliest development of mathematics in the world, and also one of the countries with the most achievements in mathematics in the ancient history of the world. So, who invented ancient mathematics in China? Who is its founder? Where is its source? This is a natural concern of people. However, because mathematics came into being too early in ancient China, about four or five thousand years ago in the primitive society, our ancestors had mastered the concepts of number and shape, and began to apply these rudiments of mathematical knowledge in practice. Now we can't find the exact written materials to record the situation at that time, so we should explore the source and founder of China Mathematics. We can only go to some ancient historical legends to find relevant clues. According to a legend, the founder of mathematics in China was the Yellow Emperor, and the earliest mathematical knowledge and tools were invented in the era of the Yellow Emperor. For example, in a math book in the Han Dynasty, Notes on Numerology, it is said that the Yellow Emperor invented the notation and usage of numbers. Some books also say that the earliest arithmetic was invented by a man named Li Shou in the era of the Yellow Emperor. It is also said that the teacher of the Yellow Emperor made a scene and invented Jiazi. The so-called Jiazi is to combine ten heavenly stems such as A, B, C and D and twelve earthly branches such as Zi Chou Yin Mao to record the year, month and day, which contains the earliest seeds of combinatorial mathematics. 1999 is a person's birthday year, and so on. Figure1-11The ancient "moment" was passed on to the Yellow Emperor, and a man named "hammer" invented "governance". "Rule" is a tool for drawing circles. "He is the leader of the legendary primitive tribal alliance. He lived in the late Neolithic period about 4700 years ago. Another legend holds that Fuxi was the founder of mathematics in China. Han Shu says: "Since Fuxi painted eight diagrams, there have been several". Liu Hui, a mathematician in the Three Kingdoms period, also regarded Fuxi's painting gossip as the origin of ancient mathematics in the preface to Nine Chapters of Arithmetic. His life was earlier than that of the Yellow Emperor. The so-called "eight diagrams" are eight kinds of divinatory symbols formed by arranging and combining the symbols of "-"in the yang part and "-"in the vulva part. According to some studies in modern times, "-"in the yang part and "-"in the pudendal part represent the earliest two numbers of "one" and "two", and also represent all odd numbers. Now it has been recognized by mathematical history circles at home and abroad. In addition to the above two legends, there is another legend related to Dayu's water control. Dayu is also the leader of the legendary primitive tribal alliance. It is said that in order to control the flood, he went around tirelessly and didn't go in three times. Holding a ruler in his right hand and a ruler in his left hand, he invented the Pythagorean theorem to measure the depth and width of the river bed. It is said that he also sent a man named "Shu Hai" from the South Pole to the North Pole to carry out the earliest geodetic work. Although the above legends are different, one thing is the same, that is, the founder of mathematics and the right of invention belong to a legendary leader or hero. In fact, mathematics, like any natural science subject, was never invented by a hero. Its emergence and formation need a long historical process. This historical process. It may be thousands of years or tens of thousands of years. Archaeological data prove that Hemudu people in Yuyao, Zhejiang Province, Banpo people in Xi 'an, Shaanxi Province, and Dafenkou people in Lubei and Jiangsu Province already have geometric concepts such as rectangle, triangle, diamond, circle, sphere and cylinder, and have mastered the concept of a certain number. Obviously, it was gradually accumulated by tens of thousands of working people in ancient Qian Qian in the long-term practice of production, labor and life. The founders of mathematics in China are thousands of ancient working people in Qian Qian. Of course, those leaders or heroes may have made great contributions to mathematics. We can regard Huangdi, Li Shou, Noisy, Lament, Fuxi and Dayu as the earliest great mathematicians in the history of China.