1At the end of 1970s, China ushered in the spring of science. Xu Chi's reportage "Goldbach Conjecture" became popular all over the country, and Chen Jingrun's name spread all over the country overnight, becoming the hero of China's scientific revival. His achievements in Goldbach conjecture are still leading in the world. When Fermat's conjecture was solved in 1995, mathematics was in 2 1 century. On the one hand, the winner of the intellectual Olympics is king. On the other hand, the world's top number theory experts are engaged in cryptography research, involving national security and corporate secrets. But there is a certain gap between China's mathematics and the public. Although Chen Jingrun's scientific spirit is touching, it is generally believed that mathematical knowledge and other scientific languages can only be used as gymnastics to train thinking. As for the contribution of mathematics to economic construction, it is indirect to promote the society. He can't play a leading role, but at most he is a "behind-the-scenes hero". In A.D. 1990, the situation changed gradually, and mathematical technology began to show its power in China. A famous scientific achievement at home and abroad has once again become attached to mathematics: Founder Group, with Wang Xuan as its president, has developed the printing technology of laser phototypesetting system for Chinese characters. 1962 graduated from Peking University Mathematics Department. The printing revolution that he led to bid farewell to "lead and fire" was based on a mathematical technology-"data compression". At present, Founder Group and its partners occupy 99% of the domestic market of Chinese character printing and 70% of the foreign market. Wang Xuan has become one of the "most profitable scientists" in China. Mathematics can directly produce economic benefits.
1940, Britain and the United States established operations research to deal with the threat of German submarines. Without increasing equipment, relying on mathematical intelligent operational research can help improve equipment capacity and efficiency. 1942, Andre Andrey Kolmogorov of the Soviet Union and Wiener of the United States respectively studied the automatic tracking device of artillery, and developed the theory of prediction and filtering of stochastic processes. Improve air defense efficiency. Wiener published his famous cybernetics in 1948. Starting from 1939, the British mathematician Turing helped the British intelligence department successfully decipher the German code. The game theory founded by von Neumann, who cracked the Japanese coded telegram and shot down the plane of Japanese General Isoroku Yamamoto, was applied to the tactical decision-making in the Pacific War. The AMP organized by the U.S. government participated in the rocket launch in the air, underwater trajectory, calculation of B-52 bomber, etc .10000.000000000003 Mathematicians participated in the development of the atomic bomb. Polish mathematician S. ulam made an important contribution to the development of hydrogen bombs. 5438+0950. Von Neumann and others use computers to make "digital" weather forecasts. 1979 The Nobel Prize in Medicine was awarded to Cormac of the United States and Husfeld of the United Kingdom, praising them for designing a CT chromatograph by using the Latin-East transformation principle in mathematics. After the birth of 1993, the American digital TV scheme was swept away immediately, making the analog scheme a piece of waste paper. Support.
1938, the famous Soviet mathematician Kantrovich created the "linear programming" method, which can make the linear goal under linear constraints reach the optimal. 197 1 year, American Kantrovich and Copeman both won the Nobel Prize in Economics. Western mathematical economics has a history of more than 65,438+000 years. Its basic principle is the general economic equilibrium theory. Samuelson of 65,438+0970, Hicks, Arrow of 65,438+0972, Debra Arrow and De of 65,438+0983. The research and practice of securities theory has become increasingly prominent in economics, and finally the "Wall Street Revolution" took place. From 65438 to 0990, the Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded to Markevitch, Sharp and Miller. They studied how to invest in all kinds of securities to get the maximum return. They turned the vague concept of income and risk into a clear mathematical concept. Derived some important theories, such as capital asset pricing model. 1997 The Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded to Shoals and Merton, whose work is related to the option pricing theory. 1997, the National Natural Science Foundation listed financial mathematics as one of the priority disciplines.
First of all, from linear to nonlinear, chaos, fractal, dynamic system and other research progress is rapid. Second, from exchange to non-exchange, the multiplication of matrix and operator is non-exchange. Third, from 1 dimension to high-dimensional mathematics, especially 4-dimensional and infinite dimension. Fourth, the discreteness and connection, opposition and integration between random mathematics and deterministic mathematics, local nature and overall nature. 2002.