Bar chart: A unit length (such as 1 cm) represents a certain quantity, and it is drawn into straight bars with proportional length according to the quantity and arranged in a certain order. This statistical chart is called a bar chart. Bar charts can clearly show the number of various quantities. Bar chart is the most commonly used graph in statistical chart data analysis. According to the different arrangement, it can be divided into vertical bar diagram and horizontal bar diagram; According to the different analysis functions, it can be divided into bar chart comparison chart and bar chart structure chart.
The characteristics of the bar chart:
(1) enables people to see the size of each data at a glance.
(2) Differences between data are relatively easy.
(3) The quantity can be clearly expressed.
Sector chart: A statistical chart that uses the area of a circle to represent the whole thing and the area of a sector to represent the percentage of the whole thing is called a sector statistical chart. Also known as a percentage comparison chart. The fan-shaped statistical chart can clearly reflect the quantitative relationship among parts, parts and whole.
Characteristics of fan-shaped statistical chart
(1) Use a sector to indicate the percentage of parts in the total.
(2) It is easy to display the size of each group of data relative to the total.
Line chart: a statistical chart that indicates the increase or decrease of statistics by the rise or fall of a broken line, which is called a broken line statistical chart. Compared with bar charts, line charts can not only show the quantity, but also reflect the development and changes of the same thing in different periods. Line charts are widely used in life. Although it does not give accurate data directly, as long as you master certain skills and skillfully use the "coordinate method", you can quickly determine a specific data.
The characteristics of broken-line statistical chart: it can show the changing trend of data and reflect the changing situation of things.
Statistical chart of stems and leaves: The statistical chart of stems and leaves, also known as "statistical chart of branches and leaves", is to compare the numbers in the array according to the number of digits, and take the numbers that are basically unchanged or have little change as the trunk (stem), and the numbers that change greatly as the branches (leaves) and list them behind the trunk, so that you can clearly see the numbers behind each trunk and the specific number of each number. There are three columns in the stem leaf diagram: the left column is the number system count, which is the value accumulated up (or down) to the center, and the number in the center (with brackets) indicates the number of the most array; The middle column represents the stem, that is, the number of digits that change little; On the right is the change bit in the array, which lists the number of changes in the array one by one at a certain interval, just like a leaf drawn from a branch, so people call it a stem-leaf diagram vividly.
Characteristics of the stem-leaf diagram: there are two advantages in using the stem-leaf diagram to represent data: first, the statistical diagram does not lose the original data information, and all data information can be obtained from the stem-leaf diagram; Second, the data in the stem and leaf diagram can be recorded and added at any time, which is convenient for recording and expression. The stem-leaf diagram is only convenient to represent data with two significant figures, and only convenient to record two sets of data. Although more than two data can be recorded, it is not as intuitive as two records.
Histogram: Histogram is also called histogram and mass distribution map. It is a statistical report chart, which shows the data distribution with a series of vertical bars or line segments with different heights. Generally, the horizontal axis represents data type and the vertical axis represents distribution. The significance of histogram method in quality management, how to predict and monitor the quality of products? How to analyze the quality fluctuation? Histogram is a tool, and it is clear to deal with these problems graphically. It reflects the distribution of product quality by processing the seemingly disorderly data collected, and judges and predicts the product quality and unqualified rate. Histogram, also known as mass distribution map and histogram, is the main tool to display data changes.
Histogram features: you can analyze the regularity, visually see the distribution of product quality characteristics, and see the distribution of materials at a glance, which is convenient for judging its overall quality distribution. When making histogram, it involves scientific concepts. Data should be grouped first, and how to group them reasonably is the key issue. According to the principle of equal group spacing, two key figures are group number and group spacing. It is a kind of geometric diagram, which is drawn into a series of connected rectangular diagrams based on the distribution of quality data collected in the production process, with the group distance as the bottom and high frequency.
Expand:
Statistical chart (statistics? Graph) is a tool to express the quantitative relationship of statistical data with geometric figures and image figures. Statistical charts are more vivid, intuitive, impressive and easy to remember than statistical tables when expressing the quantitative relationship of things. Many statistical data are often represented by statistical charts. Although statistical charts can help readers easily read and understand the characteristics of things, if they are not drawn properly, they will also cover up the truth and cause misunderstandings. You should also master certain norms and requirements when making statistical charts.
A statistical chart is a graph that represents the quantitative characteristics and quantitative relations of social and economic phenomena with geometric figures or images of specific things and maps. In order to make the expression of market research materials intuitive and vivid, easy to understand, easy to analyze and compare. Statistical charts can be used to analyze, predict and analyze the quantitative relationship between phenomena and estrus changes.