The so-called sick sentence refers to a sentence with grammatical or logical defects. How to judge whether a sentence is right or wrong? First of all, start with grammar, find out the trunk of the sentence, and see if the components are incomplete and the collocation is appropriate. Then look at whether the decorative elements of the sentence trunk are used reasonably, whether the word order is reasonable, and whether the meaning is repeated. Secondly, the language expression is unreasonable. Finally, it is carefully analyzed from the aspects of language habits, emotional colors and stylistic colors.

First, specifically, there are the following ways to differentiate and modify sick sentences:

(a), language awareness method:

When reading a sick sentence, we can detect something wrong from our feelings, and we will feel uncomfortable according to the customary saying. These inappropriate collocations, inappropriate word order and semantic repetition can all be distinguished and modified in this way.

(2) trunk extraction method:

Using the method of grammatical analysis, the additional components (attributive, adverbial and complement) of the sentence are removed, and the trunk is extracted to check whether there is any problem with the trunk; If there is nothing wrong with the trunk, check the additional components to see if there is anything wrong with the modifier between the modifier and the head word. The above-mentioned ill sentences with improper collocation and incomplete components can be distinguished and modified in this way.

(3), targeted methods:

Improper choice of words often appears in certain parts of a sentence, such as multiple attributes and adverbials, which may lead to improper word order; Multiple negative words may lead to inappropriate negation; In true or false sentences, there may be inconsistent questions, such as: "Whether you study hard is the key to getting good grades." "With the help of the teacher, he improved his academic performance."

(4), logical analysis method

Some sick sentences have no grammatical errors, but they are unreasonable. Logical analysis considers whether they violate logic from the aspects of concept use, judgment and reasoning. The above-mentioned semantically repetitive and unreasonable ill sentences can be discriminated and corrected by this method.

Learning any knowledge well requires more thinking, and so does correcting sick sentences. Don't be satisfied with knowing the answer, but try to figure out and practice more, and constantly improve your ability in the practice of language use.

Secondly, let's introduce some common language diseases.

1. The composition is incomplete, mainly due to the lack of subject and object.

When I heard this story, it reminded me of many past events. (there is no subject, remove the "stone". )

The administrative department for industry and commerce immediately found out that the mall raised the price without authorization. (lack of object, add "problem" at the end of the sentence. )

2. Improper collocation, including improper collocation of subject and predicate, improper collocation of verb and object, improper collocation of modifiers and head words, and improper collocation of related words in complex sentences.

His sharp eyes rested on the crowd. (Improper collocation of subject and predicate, change "eyes" to "eyes". )

This novel fully reveals the beauty of the hero's soul by being ordinary and full of life details.

(Replace "disclosure" with "performance". )

This truth is not difficult to understand as long as you think about it a little. ("Deliberation" takes time and is a process of repeated thinking. It is impossible to have thoughts, so the use here is inappropriate and should be deleted. )

Not only should we not be partial to his mistakes, but we should also criticize them. (This related word is not collocated properly, but should be changed to "... not only should it not be generalized, but it should also be ...")

The word order is reversed, for example, we can't forget the history of the British and French allied forces burning down Yuanmingyuan. The expression "burning, killing and looting" is unreasonable and should be adjusted. )

We saw trains and ships running on water and land. The arrangement of word order should not only be reasonable, but also be consistent in writing. This sentence should switch between "on water" and "on land" )

4. Repeat.

Uncle Li is old and his hair is white. Where is the hair without it? It can be seen that the word "head" is unnecessary, otherwise it will be verbose. )

Another example: Ma Lao and Lao Li have conducted rice high-yield experiments together for many times. ("Repeated" and "repeated" have the same meaning, so there is no need to use them repeatedly. One of them should be deleted. )

5. Inconsistent or contradictory expressions.

The key to the success or failure of this basketball match is the player's cooperation with Qi Xin. The first half of the sentence says "win or lose", and the second half only says "win". If the two sides disagree, it should be changed to "the key to success or failure" or "whether the players can work together in Qi Xin". )

Another example: Wang Fang hasn't come yet. Everyone thinks she may be ill. There is a contradiction between "conclusion" and "probably". Delete "probably" or "let's draw conclusions". )

6. The concept is vague.

For example, dozens of literary books such as The Journey to the West, The Water Margin and Xinhua Dictionary are neatly placed in Sharla Cheung's bookcases. Xinhua Dictionary is not a literary book and should be taken off the shelves. )

7. Misuse of adverbs, prepositions and negative words.

This will ensure a large-scale harvest of grain. The tenses of "Jiang" and "Le" are different. Remove the adverb "Jiang". )

Another example: three bogeys for sleeping: one is not to get angry before going to bed, the other is not to eat enough before going to bed, and the third is not to lie in the wind. ("taboo" means "can't", and the "no" in the last three sentences should be removed, otherwise the meaning is completely opposite. )

In order to avoid similar accidents in the future, we should improve the safety system as soon as possible. The words "avoid" and "don't happen" in this sentence mean "happen", which means just the opposite, so the adverb "no" should be removed. )

I wrote this composition for a whole hour. The preposition "for" is redundant and should be deleted. )

8. ambiguous.

For example, two short training courses in mathematics and physics held by our school both offer agricultural mathematics and agricultural electromechanical courses. There are two understandings of this sentence: (1) These two courses are offered in the short courses of mathematics and physics respectively, that is, these two courses are offered in the short courses of mathematics and these two courses are also offered in the short courses of physics. (2) These two courses are offered in short courses of mathematics and physics respectively, that is, agricultural mathematics course is offered in short courses of mathematics and agricultural electromechanical course is offered in short courses of physics. It seems that it should be the second understanding, adding "respectively" before "open". )

Third, modify the symbol. The following symbols should be used to correct mistakes and typos, including improper punctuation.

(1) substitution number: (2) supplementary number: (3) deletion number:

(4) Recovery number: (5) Adjustment number: (6) Blank number:

Four, modify the sick sentence to follow two principles: a, try to keep the basic meaning of the original sentence unchanged. B, change as little as possible.

Fifth, actual combat drills.

(1) Modify the following sentences.

(1) Xiaoming wrote to his mother and said, "Everything is fine here. I hope I won't miss him at home! "

(2) Through studying in the Youth League School, my ideological understanding has been improved obviously.

(3) Zhu De was born in a family of working people, and he has developed a character of loving labor and being able to bear hardships since he was a child.

(4) After summing up, I improved my study methods and academic performance.

(5) Shanghai Science and Technology Development Company has gathered a group of professional teams with excellent level and excellent technology.

(6) A company's opening advertisement says that small gifts will be given free of charge until they are used up.

(7) The newly opened store said in the advertisement: "Welcome new and old customers".

(8) It is hard for people to imagine whether a person who doesn't care about others can write touching works.

The people of China are striving to build a powerful socialist modernization country.

(10) Although this novel has been roughly turned over, it will take a lot of time.

(1 1) Eggplant, wax gourd and tomato * * * are all from his family, accounting for 1200 kilograms.

(12) In order to write this newsletter well, he learned a lot about Mr. Zhang's advanced deeds.

(13) After listening to the scientist's report, I strengthened my determination to learn scientific and cultural knowledge well for the construction of the motherland.

(14) As soon as I entered the classroom, I saw the whole class reading and a female teacher patrolling.

(15) Now, studying hard and exercising self-study ability are the keys for students to make great achievements in the future.

(16) Wang Dahai's revolutionary spirit of being fearless in times of crisis and giving his life to save others always comes to my mind.

(17) Everyone seriously discussed the extracurricular swimming training this summer vacation.

(18) Whether the content is substantial and the sentences are fluent is the minimum requirement for middle school students' composition.

(19) With a little careful consideration, this math problem is not difficult to work out.

Zhang Yong is such a good student that no one will deny that he can do such an uncivilized thing.

(2) Modify the following paragraphs.

People all know that chickens, cats, dogs and other animals and people are steaming, but snakes are cold. The former is called "warm-blooded animal" and the latter is called "warm-blooded animal". In order to keep the body temperature constant, warm-blooded animals have to consume energy substances in their bodies to maintain their body temperature. Comparing a pig with a boa constrictor, as long as the pig consumes 150 energy, then only one snake is enough.

2. The theme class meeting begins. Lin Fei was the first person to speak on stage. He said: "The reason why my China literature is not good is the result of not reading extracurricular books in my spare time. I am determined to learn from Zhang Hong and read at least 2,000 words after class every day, so that I can write and read every day ... "Lin Fei's speech won warm applause from the students.

Music is my favorite drink. When I say goodbye to a day and leave school with a tired body, I will inevitably feel dizzy. When I get home at this time, I always twist the tape recorder gently and quietly enjoy the sounds of nature coming from afar: the stream is gurgling, the birds are singing in a low voice, the green grass is whispering and cheering, and the wild flowers are laughing bit by bit. I have completely devoted myself to the embrace of nature. Indulge in the deep music world.

Xiaoming studies until nine o'clock in the evening. I feel a little tired because the TV station is broadcasting the World Table Tennis Championships. As soon as he turned on the TV, his mother came over and said angrily, "The exam is coming soon! Also watch TV! " Xiao Ming replied: "Mom, what are you shouting! Pay attention to efficiency in your study, understand? I'm tired of studying. I want to watch TV to relax. Besides, isn't the fighting spirit of athletes an inspiration to me? You are right!

My favorite is pheasant. You see, the pheasant has a red comb on its pointed head, like a blooming flower. It flutters its beautiful feathers from time to time in the cage, as if it were comparing beauty with others, and as if it were performing wonderful programs for everyone in heaven.

6. Zhang studies hard, but he is good at using his brain. His grades have improved rapidly and he studies hard. He has many praiseworthy practices in his study. In the morning, he always gets up early, gets dressed and runs on the playground. After exercise, he took time to read Chinese and recite English, all year round, spring, summer, autumn and winter, without interruption. In the evening, he often does a lot of math and physics exercises, so ordinary questions can't beat him. He always finishes the homework assigned by the teacher carefully, and he is not careless in doing his homework. When encountering problems, he is not ashamed to ask questions, consult teachers or discuss with classmates until he understands them. He also often helps his classmates solve their learning difficulties and never takes the trouble. Once I made up lessons for a sick classmate and didn't go home until after ten o'clock in the evening.

7. Today is the first day of my holiday. In the morning, I want to sleep more. Unexpectedly, I was dragged out of my sleep at 7 o'clock in the morning and still couldn't get up. At this time, my mother became angry. She took a ruler at random and patted my ass. I don't think she has anything to do with it. She got up at once, but my eyelids were still drooping.