1, algorithm: algorithm refers to the rules and laws followed in mathematical operation. Such as additive commutative law, additive associative law, multiplicative commutative law, multiplicative associative law, distributive law, etc. These operation rules are the basis of mathematical operation and can help primary school students master the correct operation methods.

2. Graphic law: Graphic law refers to the rules and laws followed when combining, arranging and splicing graphics. Such as symmetry, translation, rotation and other graphic transformation laws, as well as graphic area, volume and other calculation laws. These graphic rules are the basis of graphic cognition, which can help primary school students better understand the attributes and characteristics of graphics.

3. Numeric law: Numeric law refers to the rules and laws followed when numbers are arranged and combined. Such as parity, prime number and composite number, greatest common divisor and least common multiple. These digital laws are the basis of digital cognition, which can help primary school students better understand the attributes and characteristics of numbers.

4. Logical law: Logical law refers to the rules and laws followed by reasoning and judgment. For example, logical reasoning methods such as syllogism and reduction to absurdity, and logical judgment methods such as sufficient conditions and necessary conditions. These logical laws are the basis of logical thinking, which can help pupils better understand the attributes and characteristics of reasoning and judgment.

The importance of learning mathematics;

1, Basic Science: Mathematics is one of the basic sciences, which has the characteristics of surpassing the universal application in specific scientific. It is the foundation of other sciences and provides language, ideas and methods for other sciences.

2. Science and technology: Mathematics plays a vital role in science and technology. For example, in computer science, physics, engineering, biology and other fields, the application of mathematics is everywhere. Mathematics provides basic theories and tools for these fields and supports the progress and innovation of science and technology.

3. Economics: Mathematics is widely used in economics. Economists use mathematical models and data analysis to understand and predict economic phenomena, formulate economic policies and evaluate investment risks.

4. Statistics: Mathematics provides the basis and methods for statistics, enabling people to analyze and understand the laws and trends of things through data.

5. Machine learning: Mathematics plays a key role in machine learning. Machine learning is a science that enables computer systems to learn from data and make independent decisions through algorithms. Mathematics provides theoretical basis and tools for machine learning and promotes the development of artificial intelligence.

6. Space exploration: Mathematics also has important applications in space exploration. For example, astronomers use mathematical formulas and models to predict the movement and position of celestial bodies, which provides support for human exploration of the universe.

7. Daily life: Mathematics is also ubiquitous in daily life. For example, people use numbers and calculations to deal with currency transactions, plan time and predict future events.