The main source of learning methods is not directly obtained from others, and it needs to be explored and summarized in the learning process. While learning, I think about new methods (some are given by others). But don't deliberately seek the method without paying attention to the basic knowledge. Try this method again. If the effect is not good, give up in time. In fact, there are many methods that are naturally used in learning, but I haven't noticed them, such as taking notes in class and memorizing articles. The standard to measure these methods is: look at the effect! Turn over your notes after class to see if the organization is clear and the key points are prominent. You can also compare it with students who take good notes to see if there are any omissions and how many. It should be noted that it is important to remember that some knowledge points that you don't know and are easy to forget can be omitted from the textbook (sometimes in order to concentrate the knowledge points, which are organized and easy to remember, so as not to write again). Some students begin to remember as soon as class begins, and seldom listen to the teacher. This is also wrong. Teachers can't always focus on the key points, so there is no need to remember the explanations of knowledge points. As long as you understand and understand, it's ok. Even if you can't remember a certain point in the future, you can fully understand the key points. If you just record it and watch it after class, you may not understand it well, and you may not have enough time to watch it carefully and think carefully. You can't just concentrate on taking notes if you want to listen to a good lesson. Generally speaking, listen carefully, especially the key points and difficulties, and at least take notes. Sometimes the teacher speaks very quickly. You can write it down on the draft paper first, or you can just write a few key words in one sentence, leaving some blanks for others to make up after class (or later). Develop the good habit of sorting out notes in time after class so as to review (see memory and forgetting).
As for doing homework, most modern middle school students have done many problems and have to do many problems. If two students do the same ten questions, the effect (referring to their own gains, the re-mastery of knowledge, the application and mastery of problem-solving skills) is completely different. Why? Also, we often see that some students are always doing problems, and they are very serious and do well, but why can't they do well in the exam? Of course, there are many reasons, and you can also contact yourself to think about it. In my opinion, it is not good for them to choose the exercises they usually do (here mainly refers to extracurricular materials), or they don't have a good habit of doing exercises, such as doing them while playing, not paying attention (if they form a habit for a long time, it will be difficult to correct them in the examination room), or they can do a problem for a long time (if you deal with a difficult problem, you should analyze and think carefully and wholeheartedly first, and if you still have no idea after thinking for a certain period of time, you can put it aside first. Just consider asking other people's opinions, or you can put it on hold. As long as the problem is not beyond the outline (that is to say, it can be solved with what you have learned), don't sit idle and solve a certain amount of problems, which is conducive to the improvement of your grades. Just looking for problems is not a good thing. Determine the amount of questions according to your own learning situation. Generally speaking, students who have a good grasp of basic knowledge should be able to do some difficult problems. For the usual exercises, some students have been scribbling, there is no problem-solving process, only writing the results; There are also some students who write the problem-solving process carefully for each problem. The former is often criticized, while the latter is often praised. The former is obviously not desirable, but the latter is not really clever, and it is definitely better than not doing the problem or rarely doing it. If you always scribble on the draft paper and only seek the result, you may not be able to write the problem-solving process well in the examination room after getting used to it for a long time. Will appear, some questions can't be written, some questions are unclear, and the steps are messy, so that you can't get high marks (respondents often think that writing is not as natural and fluent as thinking). The latter is prone to many questions that can't be done in the exam. Just because I wasted some time writing simple steps in my usual study, especially because I have mastered many similar problems and similar problem-solving processes, is it necessary to write them over and over again? In my opinion, people who do less problems should write more about the problem-solving process. If some students want to do a lot of problems, they can consider not writing or drawing sketches of the problem-solving process (except those to be taught to teachers) in order to have more time to read more problems (they will be less nervous and more confident when they encounter the problems they have done during the exam). At the same time, we should pay attention to "arrogant soldiers are easy to lose" and should not be neglected); In order to meet problems in the examination room, even if they are not all solved, you can write some solutions (get corresponding scores). If you don't pay attention at ordinary times, you may be at a loss, don't know how to write, and feel that "heroes are useless", so you won't get points (many questions are easy to enter and all are difficult to understand in the current joint entrance examination). As long as you can write some solutions neatly and clearly, or write about you. The number of questions you choose to write depends on the difficulty of writing steps when you solve problems. Are the steps clear? However, it is not advisable to write too little. When writing, you must concentrate on it, try to be neat (consciously train yourself), and ensure that the knowledge you have learned can be better reflected in the form of scores in the examination room, which is usually called normal or extraordinary play (of course, good psychological factors are also important).
After studying, many people are unwilling to ask questions, some are unwilling to ask teachers, and some are unwilling to ask classmates. The main reason is psychological factors. Some are afraid to ask the teacher, mainly for fear that the teacher will reprimand them: "It's so simple, you won't!" " "I have said it several times!" "Did you listen in class?" "You are so stupid." The quality of a teacher should be trustworthy, but you may be asked if you are listening in class. If a classmate gets up the courage to ask, but meets these answers, maybe he or she will never have the courage next time. One of my uncles once said to me, "If you don't understand a question once, you can ask it again. What does it matter if he calls you stupid? The most important thing is to thoroughly understand a problem. " I once asked a chemistry teacher a question, and he said, "You don't listen in class again! Don't talk! " I said, "No ... it was ... (No, I didn't listen), so I missed it." Then he had to tell me. Sometimes when we ask them, they say they are busy and stop talking. At this time, we can't guess whether he doesn't want to talk or hates us. We should trust them. On the one hand, they still have certain qualities and professional ethics (answering questions for students); On the other hand, it's good for us, and it gives us the courage to ask again next time. (Of course, if you want to think about it again or discuss it with your classmates during this period, you don't have to ask if you understand. Maybe you will find more problems in the discussion. Don't care too much about "fame and fortune" when asking questions, just want to understand the problem and solve it. Students with good grades will not be jealous of him (or her) and will not ask; Don't be afraid of the teacher (in fact, you can't be afraid of eating people at all! Q: This is an important part of learning, but you can't always ask some biased and strange questions, which is not only inappropriate for yourself, but also easy to arouse others' resentment (they may suspect that you are deliberately embarrassing them). Before asking, you should consider whether the answer to the question and the teacher's explanation are beneficial to your current study. If the question is that the basic knowledge has not been remembered, the answer should be remembered; If it is about problem-solving skills, then we should think carefully about the answer and thoroughly understand its methods and ideas, so as to achieve the purpose of improvement. Only by thinking while studying can we find some problems in our study. If you deliberately ask some questions to express yourself, nine times out of ten it is worthless. Don't ask. If you really have a problem, rule out ideological problems and ask for advice with an open mind. Modesty makes people progress.
Let's talk about the arrangement of schedule and food hygiene first. I think quite a few students have problems with their work schedules, which shows that they are busy every day, but their studies have not improved. They always feel exhausted, but they have a lot of homework to do. Is it efficient to drag their tired bodies around? It is really not easy to get rid of the above-mentioned state completely under the circumstances of heavy study tasks and great pressure to enter higher schools. But focusing on it can make it better. Let's talk about some personal views from several aspects. In terms of diet, we should not be partial or picky about food to ensure all kinds of elements necessary for the body. This is a passage from my social medical homework. Food: As the saying goes, "Illness comes from the mouth, and disaster comes from the mouth". It shows that food hygiene is very important for health. When you are full, you should think about eating well. Either drink high-grade wine and drinks or eat high-grade food or eat well. Look at those people who often go to high-end restaurants to eat and drink. After eating it, I became pregnant, began to get fat, and then got high blood pressure and hyperlipidemia. You ate your stomach and everything. Is this good? When we say eat well, we mean that eating well is good for health, emphasizing nutritional collocation, so that the body does not lack some essential elements. People often make the mistake of eating only good food and never eating bad food. Everyone knows the health hazards of partial eclipse and picky eaters. We should change our mentality to eat those unpalatable foods, and maybe they will be delicious. Pay attention to hygiene (cleanliness) in diet, and don't eat unwashed fruits and vegetables. Don't eat spoiled food, be sure to wash your hands before eating and try not to scratch with your hands to prevent virus infection. Pay special attention to hygiene during the examination. Eating too well (much better than usual) can easily lead to indigestion and diarrhea. Although those days were tense and consumed a lot of energy, I'm afraid I might as well study hard as usual and don't have to worry about malnutrition or anything. Sleep: It's good to go to bed early and get up early, but you can't go to bed early because you have to spend more time doing problems. But you should pay attention to getting up on time. It's good to lie down at noon, but don't sleep too long (half an hour to an hour is enough). Taking a long nap will make people listless and groggy in the afternoon, at least in the first one or two classes. And it is recommended to lie down and sleep. If you sleep on your desk for a long time, your head is high and blood transmission is not as good as lying down. Of course, it didn't work several times. Take some time to exercise. Class: Listen attentively, think positively and take notes carefully, which is a cliche. This is my personal opinion: students with good foundation, especially the exercise class, have done it seriously and checked the answers. If they really have fully understood and mastered it, do something else and learn something else. This can only happen occasionally. However, don't think that you have learned well, so you won't listen to the lecture. It will do great harm after a long time. Of course, listening also has the advantages of listening, so that you can remember the foundation more firmly and hear new things. The arrangement of spare time is also very important, because students who listen carefully in class may have different grades because of the use of spare time. The time schedule is different, and the efficiency and effect are also very different. Everyone knows the "combination of work and rest", but some people think that "relaxation" means putting down books to play, while some students rest their brains by changing subjects. It is obvious which is better. If you study math for a long time, you may have a fever on your forehead and your head will swell. Of course, it is not efficient. If you study mathematics and then transfer to liberal arts such as history (different areas of the brain do different things, learn different contents and change, and the area you just used will rest), and if you study science after a while, your mind will not be dizzy so quickly. But note that changing too fast (changing at short intervals) is not good for learning. Usually, if you are a little bored with it and your sensitivity (reaction speed) decreases, you can change it, but you can't change it to half at once. This is a sign of perseverance. If you change too fast, you will get more and more bored. Generally, there is a long break after lunch and dinner, so we should arrange some time to sort out our notes and see what we learned that day. Don't rest until the bell rings. The arrangement of time is related to the formulation of plans and the determination of goals. Of course, to have a long-term goal, this goal should not be too low, otherwise it will show no ambition and ambition. There should also be one or more short-term goals, that is, plans for the next few days or a week or two. These plans include what to learn these days, to what extent, what subjects are poor, how to make up, how many questions to do, what books to read and what degree to learn. These plans can be changed at any time according to their own actual situation (as long as the purpose of the change is not to play), and use the "three on" (this is reserved for the ancients: immediately, the toilet. Please combine your actual situation, think more, and work out the short-term learning goals that are most suitable for your own dynamics, which will be of great help to your study.
Memory and forgetting: forgetting is a terrible thing. This seems to be a heavy burden, and everyone wants to throw it away. Here I will talk about the definition, types, influencing factors and ways to enhance memory in combination with what our mental health teacher said. Memory: It is a psychological process of accumulating and preserving individual experiences in people's minds through memory, retention and reproduction (cognition). Generally, it can be divided into three categories: 1 sensory memory. Memories generally disappear within 1~2 seconds, and consciousness does not form. Sensory memory represents psychological presentation. For example, all the scenery we saw in the car was not deliberately remembered, but sensory memory was produced in the brain. Second, short-term memory, which usually lasts 2-4 minutes, has a clear consciousness, such as temporarily remembering unimportant phone numbers, which will be forgotten in a short time. The third is long-term memory, which has the function of psychological operation. The process of storing memory in memory for a long time is like storing information in a computer, 1 coding, 2 storage and 3 retrieval. Measurement of memory: 1 memory 2 Recognition 3 Re-learning. Factors affecting memory: 1 ordinal effect (cause first, cause later), such as what you remember before going to bed in the morning and at night is not easy to forget, because the information you remember in the morning is not affected by the previous content, nor by the information you remember later in the evening. Or both sides of a message are easy to remember. The flash effect means that things that pass by are sometimes easy to remember. 3 Lesdorf effect: refers to something that is particularly easy to remember. If one or two words in an article are bigger than others, then these two words are easy to remember. What is easy for us to remember? 1 Familiarity, 2 freshness, 3 importance. The most important way of memory ―― chunk memory. Let's do a little experiment first: you have three seconds to memorize them, UOYKNAHTEW, then write them silently from left to right in order, and then compare them to see how many words are written correctly. Most people can write 5-9 words correctly. Of course, some special effects may not be within this range. Now tell you, from right to left is ... Try again, I believe everyone can remember. The reason is that when you start memorizing from left to right, it seems that there are ten unrelated letters, that is, ten chunks from right to left, and three familiar words become three chunks, which is much easier to remember. Different people remember the chunks of 5-9, the difference is very small, but the size of the chunks is very different, and experts in a certain field are particularly interested in the chunks of professional knowledge. Therefore, when we usually remember, we should enlarge chunks as much as possible, such as memorizing more English sentences to strengthen our understanding. After understanding, the related chunk becomes a chunk, which is easy to remember.
Forgetting: it means that you can't remember what you remember, or it is difficult to erase it from your mind. The influencing factors are: 1 time; 2. Quality and quantity of materials; 3. Learning level (over, over and under). Overtime: studying too hard is suspected of reading dead books. I often feel very tired and have poor memory. The more I learn, the more confused I get. Insufficient: People who study hard enough don't want to take the time to remember what they should remember, but concentrate on playing and spend too little time on learning. Just right: there is no unique standard, different people have different situations), 4 the order and position of the materials, 5 the attitude of the people (degree of need, interest, etc.). As can be seen from the figure 1, it is best to review what you learned that day (of course, you will not forget 50% of the key knowledge classes). If you review in a short time, you will forget less, and of course it is easy to remember. Take a few minutes in the following class and take a quick look at what you have just learned. You can browse quickly and carefully, or you can recall it like a movie. If you can't remember, you must find out. Tidy up your notes by the way. In the evening, review the difficult lessons of the day.
The ways to improve memory are: sensory memory: concentration. Reduce distractions (remember that in some situations, such as reading books and doing homework in the classroom, because there is a learning atmosphere there. Simplify the purpose and don't think about anything else. Short-term memory: phonetic coding (pronunciation) comes first. Expand the chunk unit and memory span, process and further process the information within the limit time, and enhance the knowledge classification. After reviewing, it will be transformed into long-term memory. Long-term memory: 1 Pay attention to multiple coding (that is, think while reading and drawing). Some people have a good memory of vocal cord vibration when reading. Some people have a good memory of their opponents' actions. 2 keywords. 3 subjective organization (that is, information processing through the brain is easy to remember, such as homophonization and association of related paintings. ) .4 Scenario memory method.
Methods are important, but before seeking good learning methods, we should correct our learning attitude, otherwise it is useless to hang them on the beam (what is the use of hanging them on the beam for the wonderful ideas we have discovered, why bother to seek them? )。 The correct attitude towards learning is nothing more than understanding. Why study? What is learning for? This question is not easy to answer, because it is an answer for yourself, which should reflect the practical significance, but it should not go against your heart (not in line with your own ideas). If learning is to build the motherland in the future, serve the people, contribute to socialist modernization and fight for capitalism. This is the goal that students should have, the patriotism they should have, and the long-term goal they should have. But the answer is that all corners of the country can improve your enthusiasm for learning? If you can, you might as well think so; If not, I still advise you to think about it now (with long-term goals, of course). I believe that the realization of long-term goals is achieved through the realization of one short-term goal after another. If you choose the right direction and set every short-term goal, you will be more passionate to achieve them, just like it takes a lot of courage and determination to walk 100 km, but it will be much easier to take a step without a lot of courage. There was once a marathon champion. He is Japanese and not tall. On the face of it, he is unlikely to win the championship. His magic weapon to win the championship is: aim at the trees and houses not far ahead and run there as far as possible; Find a new near target, instead of thinking about the total distance of more than 42 kilometers. My experience (what others say) is that learning is not the best, only better. I just need to learn better than before, even better. Don't worry about the entrance exam. In fact, to get better grades, we must study harder than before. Do you think this has nothing to do with the correct learning attitude? Especially when I feel confused in my study, I have to spend some time to calm down and think about learning problems outside these books.
Almost all students avoid saying that reading is for themselves (often said: for the people and for the country). In fact, personal interests and national interests are consistent to some extent. Starting from patriotism education, when personal interests conflict with social (national) interests, personal interests should be subordinated to national interests. It is not contradictory that you hope to get a high salary when you work in the future, improve your living standards and make greater contributions to society at the same time. The more knowledge you learn, the more complicated your skills will be, and the more complicated your job will be (that is, the more technical). Complex labor can be transformed into many times of simple labor (simple manual labor), so that you will make a greater contribution to society, and of course you should get the corresponding salary (generally speaking, please don't put these views in the exam-oriented articles, not everyone will accept them, and when they are inconsistent with the views of the marking teacher, they may be. Knowing these truths is helpful to your study.
If you study passively, you always feel that you are forced to study, as if you are studying for others. I don't think any student will learn well. If you want to learn by yourself, the situation may be different. Just like we put a book that is beneficial to study in front of us, but no one forces us, who will read it? Students who often take the initiative to learn will learn, while other students will miss a learning opportunity, won't they? If you want to be active in your study, understand that you have a need to learn, don't be playful, and record the fun in your study.
Changing passive learning into active learning, on the one hand, is the question of why to learn and why to learn; On the other hand, it is to have fun in learning, enjoy the sense of accomplishment when learning some new knowledge and mastering a new method, and you will gradually fall in love with learning. It often happens that when you haven't found the pleasure of learning, you get upset and pick a lot of faults in your study. At this time, we need to overcome the difficulties in learning with strong will, otherwise we will miss the fun of learning and may lead to several games in learning. As long as you keep your faith, study hard, work ten times or more harder than others, maybe you will enter a new learning realm, a higher and better learning realm (but it doesn't mean you can do it once and for all). Concentrate on your study and don't think too much about other things (meaning don't be too messy). As the old saying goes, "Peace is far away", you will go better and further on the road of learning.
Please think about what else you can do to make yourself learn actively and give it a try.
Let's talk about sleep hygiene first, insomnia: it is difficult to fall asleep or wake up when sleeping or wake up after waking up. Insomnia is divided into 1. Situational insomnia, due to environmental changes, such as moving. 2. False insomnia. 3. Thinking about insomnia, due to changes in life procedures, the biological clock has not been adjusted. 4. Insomnia caused by drugs. Suggestions for insomniacs are as follows: 1 Have confidence and believe that you can fall asleep; Believe in yourself, even if you don't sleep, it won't affect what you do the next day. Actually, you had a rest when you were lying down. Don't be paranoid, control your thoughts and emotions, relax and have a quiet rest! Will not affect the next day. 2 Go to bed and get up according to the regular schedule, and generally start to pay attention one month before the exam to form a habit. 3 Keep moderate exercise. Relax before going to bed, don't think about those complicated and difficult questions, and don't worry about anything. You can listen to light music (choosing music is very important. Once you make a mistake, you will get more and more excited. You can try it earlier). 5 Quiet court, sleep with lights off and lights on is inefficient (cats sleep 20 hours a day on average, bats sleep more than 20 hours a day on average, which proves that light stimulation will affect people's sleep), so don't have the habit of sleeping with lights on at ordinary times. 6 The use of the bed is simple. Don't read in bed and think for a long time (don't pile books and other sundries on the bed). Don't sleep when you are too full or hungry. You can drink some milk before going to bed. Drinking is not good for sleep. 9 Avoid taking sleeping pills. Drug hypnosis can't achieve real sleep effect (real sleep means that the brain is at rest while replenishing energy). Sleeping pills only inhibit the excitement of the brain, but can't replenish energy well, just make people feel as if they are asleep. Although it can achieve certain psychological comfort, it is easy to get more dizzy the next day.
Before the exam (ten days ago) (entrance exam, of course), the more nervous I am, the more I feel I don't know what to do. It seems that there is still a lot to learn, but as soon as they open their books, they get upset and can't settle down to read and take notes. Actually, this time is also very important. If they don't go to the battlefield, they will be confused first, and it will be a bit difficult to win the battle. I suggest that you should adjust your lifestyle one month before the exam: 1: Pay more attention to what to eat and when to eat (pay attention to balanced nutrition and try not to eat well for a few days to prevent indigestion and diarrhea). You can pay more attention to the fact that the time of the exam for a few days is consistent with your habits. 2 when to sleep, it is not appropriate to sleep too early. The environment is generally noisy, it is not easy to fall asleep, and there is no need to sleep too early; Sleep is too late, it should be about eight hours, not less than seven hours; When you get up, you should also be on time. Don't sleep late. This is a habit, so you won't lose sleep during the exam. This cannot be ignored. I heard several students say that they didn't sleep well during the college entrance examination. The study time should be arranged in line with the examination time, and the questions should be done during the examination, that is, when and what to take. The questions or papers of certain subjects should be done regularly and quantitatively during that time, so as to quickly enter the state and make the brain excited during the examination. The closer you are to the exam (for example, 3-5 days before the exam), you can do some relatively simple questions, or you can just find some single questions (or textbooks) without doing the whole set of papers, but you must concentrate, write and draw carefully, and keep your mind nervous. The rest of the time, you can look through the textbooks and see the key points. Pay attention to these days, you don't need to find problems to do, you don't need to think about improving yourself or anything, you believe that your knowledge is enough to get good grades, so you should return to books, pay attention to your life and study habits, and let yourself play normally or supernormally in the examination room. Pre-test mentality: be confident, not superstitious, have appropriate goals (appropriate expectations), be calm, and hint that you will succeed; Optimize your mood and don't think too much about past success or failure (previous exam results); When you return to the book before the exam, you must do a certain amount of questions, because beginners don't practice for three days.
When it comes to exam-taking skills, I think the general procedure is: read the questions slowly (don't choose an answer that you think is right just because it is similar to the questions you usually read). At this time, you'd better do it seriously, as if you had never seen the problem before. If you are sure that the questions are exactly the same and the answers are clearly remembered, you can't help but choose directly, but I personally don't advocate this. Do the questions quickly, seriously, boldly and get into the state quickly. 1 multiple choice questions, method of substitution, A-B method of substitution or B-A method of substitution; Direct analysis; Combined with option analysis; Meng, first rule out the wrong option, and then Meng is the most likely one; But generally don't leave it blank. 2 Fill in the blanks, it seems that only the results can be solved directly, but attention should be paid to accurate calculation; Really not. If it is a numerical answer, fill in the most likely number. 3 calculation questions, pay attention to carefully read the meaning of the questions, accurately analyze and accurately calculate. When dealing with difficult problems, we should pay attention to combining problem analysis and don't be lazy to draw relevant diagrams. The proof problem can be analyzed from the known conditions of the topic, or from the conclusion to be proved (and then write the process in turn).
Views on other issues; Network: It is common that disadvantages outweigh advantages (of course, advantages are not excluded). It is right to spend some time online to contact your classmates or find some information, but what if you get addicted to chatting? Love: Liu Jianguo, my Chinese teacher in high school, said that some people think that missing someone (someone you like very much) will make your thinking more active and conducive to thinking. Actually, it's not. If you miss a person you like very much in the examination room, your thinking will become dull. I don't know if this is the case, and I don't have the courage to try it in the examination room, because failing the exam will affect my life. When people develop into adolescence, they will have the psychology of liking the opposite sex. It doesn't matter whether you have unrequited love or not. What matters is how you handle it. Reasonable control and "vacuuming" are also good solutions. You can also try to turn your attention to your study and pay attention to proper communication with many students at ordinary times.
This article was written in several time periods (several nights), and it is bound to be repeated or out of touch, unclear and so on. Please forgive me, as long as it is beneficial to you, you don't have to believe it all, and you don't have to believe it all. Please "choose the good and follow it, choose the bad and change it" according to your own study and other conditions. If there are any mistakes, please guess and correct them. If you have any questions, you can also send an email to jarelinzy@ 163.com, but I can't guarantee you a satisfactory answer.
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