In view of the worldwide demand for cultivating innovative talents and the renewal of geometry learning content, the new round of curriculum reform has greatly adjusted geometry. From "preliminary geometry knowledge" to "space and graphics", the teaching curriculum standard extends the vision of geometry learning to living space, emphasizes the combination of space and the realistic background of graphics knowledge, and promotes the changes in the requirements, contents and presentation forms of space and graphics. It makes the space and graphics of primary school mathematics textbooks present the following new characteristics. First, the concept of culture space refers to the perception of the orientation, distance, size and shape of objects. For students, a good concept of space is not only an important means for them to understand the space and the real world on which human beings live, but also an important basis for the development of this ability. Therefore, the main purpose of the teaching of space and graphics in primary school mathematics is to promote the development of students' concept of space. In order to effectively develop students' concept of space, first of all, we should provide rich contents and materials about the concept of space. Secondly, rich and varied experience activities should be designed in the teaching materials. The research shows that the basic ways for students to develop the concept of space are various, and they are all based on students' experience. These experience activities include observation, operation, imagination, communication, reasoning and creation. Let students experience the process of abstracting mathematical models from the realistic background and geometric figures from the real life space, explore the essence of figures and their changing rules, understand the shape, size, transformation and positional relationship of figures from various angles, and develop students' geometric intuition and spatial concepts.