2. 1965 A research team composed of scientists such as Niu Jingyi, Gong Yueting, Xing and Wang You synthesized the world's first artificial protein-crystalline bovine insulin.
After strict identification, its structure, biology
Its activity, physicochemical properties and crystal shape are the same as those of natural bovine insulin. This research has made important contributions to human understanding of life and uncovering the mysteries of life, and opened the era of synthetic protein.
3. 1966 In May, China mathematician Chen Jingrun proved that "any sufficiently large even number is the sum of a prime number and a natural number, and the latter is only the product of two prime numbers" (that is, "1+2"), which became a milestone in Goldbach's conjecture research. This proof result is called "Chen Theorem" by international mathematicians.
4.1967 On June 17, China's first hydrogen bomb successfully exploded in Lop Nur, Xinjiang. This test is another leap in the development of nuclear weapons after China successfully exploded the first atomic bomb, marking a new stage in the development of nuclear weapons in China.
5.1On April 24th, 970, China launched the first earth satellite "Dongfanghong-1", which is the first artificial earth satellite designed and manufactured by China. Its successful launch made China the fifth country in the world to independently develop and launch artificial earth satellites.
6.1970 65438+On February 25th, the first phase of China Gezhouba Project was started, and the Gezhouba Water Control Project was completely completed by the end of 1988. Gezhouba water control project is a large-scale water conservancy project that attracts worldwide attention. It is located at the outlet of Xiling Gorge of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, and can play a variety of benefits such as power generation, shipping, flood discharge and irrigation.
7. 1973, Yuan Longping cultivated hybrid rice "Nanyou No.2" by using genetic diversity, and exhibited a set of seed production techniques. 1976, after the large-scale promotion of "Nanyou No.2", the national total grain output increased by 47.2% compared with 1965. Yuan Longping's hybrid rice makes China solve the food problem of 22% of the world's population with less than 10% of the world's arable land.
8.1July, 979, in the computer room of Hanyu Information Processing Technology Research Laboratory in Peking University, Wang Xuan and others used their own phototypesetting system to output a newspaper with diverse fonts and complex layout at a time. This is the first Chinese newspaper output by laser imagesetter. This achievement has opened a smooth road for Chinese characters to bid farewell to movable type printing, and is known as the second revolution of printing technology in China.
9.1980 On May 18, the full flight test of China's "Dongfeng V" intercontinental missile was a complete success, marking a new step in China's missile technology. The escort operation of the "Dongfeng V" missile launch test is the largest ocean-going military operation of the New China Navy so far.
10.198165438+1On October 20th, Professor Wang Debao from Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences and other scientists artificially synthesized a complete yeast alanine transfer ribonucleic acid, which is the first artificially synthesized transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) in the world.
TRNA plays an important role in the synthesis of protein. It is the most direct way to study the structure and function of tRNA by changing its structure and observing its influence on its function. Therefore, the success of artificial synthesis of yeast alanine tRNA is of great significance in science, especially in the study of the origin of life.
11.198312.22, the first computer in China-Yinhe supercomputer was successfully developed by the Computer Research Institute of Changsha University of National Defense Technology. Compared with the mainstream supercomputers in the world, Galaxy Billion Supercomputer has made innovative progress in 10, making China one of the few countries with supercomputers in the world.
On March 3rd, 12. 1986, four scientists jointly wrote a letter, proposing to follow the world's cutting-edge research and develop China's high technology.
This letter received the attention of the state and approved the implementation of the Outline of the National High-tech Research and Development Plan. Because of the submission date of the letter, the plan was also named "863 Plan". The 863 Program has brought up a new generation of high-level talents, narrowed the gap with the world advanced level, and greatly promoted the development of high technology and its industry in China.
13. 1986, the international networking project-China Academic Network, which was implemented by Beijing Institute of Computer Application Technology led by Professor Wang Yunfeng, was launched, and the partner was the scientific research team led by Professor Wiener Zuo En of Karlsruhe University.
1987 In September, Beijing Institute of Computer Application Technology formally established the first Internet e-mail node in China, connected the e-mail system of the Internet, and successfully sent the first e-mail to, the content of which was "Crossing the Great Wall and Going to the World", which opened the prelude for German people to use the Internet.
14.1988 March 10, with the efforts of Zhang Lizhu, a professor of obstetrics and gynecology in the Third Hospital of Beijing Medical University, the first test-tube baby was born in Chinese mainland. The birth of this test-tube baby is a sign that China's reproductive medicine and assisted reproductive technology are in line with the international advanced level, which is a milestone in the development history of reproductive medicine in China.
15.198810 16, the first high-energy accelerator in China, the BEPC, collided successfully for the first time. The electron-positron collider, also known as synchrotron radiation device, produces synchrotron radiation light as a special light source, which can be widely used in biology, medicine, chemistry, materials and other fields.
16.1991kloc-0/215 Qinshan nuclear power plant, the first nuclear power plant in Chinese mainland, is connected to the grid for power generation. This is the first 300,000 kW commercial nuclear power plant designed and built by China, which indicates that China has mastered nuclear power technology and become the seventh country in the world to independently design and manufacture nuclear power plants after the United States, Britain, France, the former Soviet Union, Canada and Sweden.
17. 1993, scientists such as Pang, from Beijing Vacuum Physics Laboratory of the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (now the Nanophysics and Devices Laboratory of the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences), manipulated atoms and successfully wrote the word "China", marking that China began to occupy a place in the international nanotechnology field.
18.19941214. The Three Gorges Water Control Project broke ground and was completed on May 20, 2006. "Three Gorges Project" is a water conservancy project with the largest quantity, the greatest difficulty and the largest flow in the world.
With a total length of 2,309 meters and a design elevation of 1.85 meters, the dam is the largest concrete gravity dam in the world. The installed capacity is 65.438+08.2 million kilowatts, and the annual power generation is 84.7 billion kWh, ranking first in the world.
19.1998 In March, the first test flight of the domestic J- 10 aircraft was successful. J- 10 fighter is the third generation fighter developed by China and the latest generation single-engine multi-role fighter in China. It has strong over-the-horizon air combat, close combat and air-to-ground attack capabilities, as well as air docking and refueling capabilities. In 2006, the J- 10 fighter was officially installed in the PLA Air Force.
20.1In September, 1999, China joined the Human Genome Project and was responsible for determining 1% of the total sequence of the human genome, that is, 30 million base pairs on chromosome 3. China is the sixth participating country and the only developing country participating in this research project.
On June 26th, 2000, the United States, Britain, Germany, Japan, France and China, which participated in the Human Genome Project, jointly announced the completion of the human genome work framework.
2 1.1999165438+1On October 20th, Shenzhou-1 spacecraft was successfully launched from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Base and returned to the ground after a flight of 21hour. This is the first unmanned experimental spacecraft launched by China's manned spaceflight project, marking a new breakthrough in China's manned spaceflight technology.
22. In 2000, the Chronology of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties was officially published, which advanced the history of our country by 1000 years. On this chronology, the beginning year of Xia Dynasty is about 2070 BC, the boundary between Xia and Shang Dynasties is about BC 1600, and the boundary between Shang and Zhou Dynasties is about BC 1046, which solves the long-standing problems in the chronology of Chinese history and lays the foundation for exploring the origin of Chinese civilization.
In 2000, two satellites of Beidou navigation and positioning system were successfully launched, which indicated that China had its own first-generation satellite navigation and positioning system, which was of great economic and social significance.
Beidou navigation and positioning system consists of Beidou navigation and positioning satellite, ground control center and Beidou user terminal. The third and fourth satellites of Beidou system were successfully launched on May 25th, 2003 and February 3rd, 2007 respectively.
24. In 2002, the Institute of Computing Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences successfully developed China's first high-performance general-purpose microprocessor chip-"Godson1"CPU, which indicated that China initially mastered the key design and manufacturing technology of contemporary CPU and changed the history of China's information industry without "core".
June 65438+1October 65438+May 2003, China's first astronaut Yang Liwei successfully took off in the "Shenzhou 5" spacecraft, circled the earth 14 times and landed safely. China's first manned space flight was a complete success.
On June 24, 2007, China's first lunar exploration satellite Chang 'e-1 was successfully launched and entered the scheduled earth orbit.
The trip to the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon undertook four major tasks: drawing a three-dimensional map of the moon; Detecting the distribution of elements on the moon; Evaluate the thickness of the soil on the moon and the amount of helium -3 resources and record the original solar wind data. 165438+1On October 26th, the National Space Administration released the first moon photo taken by Chang 'e.
On September 25th, 2008, the Shenzhou VII manned spacecraft independently developed by China was launched from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and entered the scheduled orbit accurately. On September 27th, astronaut Zhai Zhigang opened the door of the orbital module of the Shenzhou VII manned spacecraft, and made the first extravehicular activity. This is the first time that a Chinese astronaut has walked in space.
Extended data:
After the establishment of China Science Society and other non-governmental academic groups in the early years of the Republic of China, China's science and technology began to integrate with the development of world science and technology more systematically.
The appearance of Academia Sinica in 1928 and the establishment of China Academy of Sciences in 1949 have enabled the development of scientific and technological research in China to receive financial support from the government. The gun manufacturing, shipbuilding, steam technology and airplane technology in the Republic of China were all technical attempts made by overseas students in China.
References:
History of Science and Technology in China-Baidu Encyclopedia