Appreciate the lesson "Average" by Wu Zhengxian, a special teacher in Beijing.

? (Huating County Shenyu Junior High School? Stone)

From June 6th, 2007 to June 6th, 2065438, through the online teaching and research activities organized by Pingliang Education Society and Pingliang Primary School Curriculum Reform Exchange Group, the author listened carefully to the fourth grade class of Average taught by Wu Zhengxian, a famous special-grade teacher in Beijing. Here, I want to talk about my own experience.

First, the use of problem carriers to stimulate students' interest in exploring new knowledge

The essence of education is to explore children's interests, cultivate children's interests, provide broad space and strong support for children's interest development, let interest lead children forward, and let interest lead children to success. Mathematics classroom is the main position to cultivate students' interest and solve problems. In this class, Mr. Wu leads the students to focus on "If you are the leader of the relevant department, how do you solve the problem of free tickets for six-year-old children?" Students discuss actively in groups of four, put themselves in the leading position of relevant departments, actively seek solutions and ideas, and actively express their opinions. Finally, they agreed that the average is a good data to solve this problem, realized the close relationship between mathematics and life, had great interest in learning mathematics and felt the joy of success.

Second, use language art to pluck the strings of students' correct thinking.

Language is a tool for exchanging ideas and a carrier of knowledge and information. Language is the key to open the treasure house of knowledge and a bridge connecting the hearts of teachers and students. In this class, Mr. Wu's straightforward narration and soothing humanistic care are like drizzle and warm sunshine. Blow it all over and sprinkle it on the child's heart. It is easy for students to describe profound knowledge vividly, simply and vividly. Under the enthusiastic encouragement and clever guidance, Mr. Wu shares joys and sorrows with the children, appreciates each child from the heart and sees the advantages of each child. He not only pays attention to the successful children, but also pays attention to the temporarily failed children, giving them some waiting and expectation, so that all children can raise their confident sails. Such as "no hurry", "ready" and "where is it?" Shout it out, and so on. For body language in teaching, Mr. Wu pays more attention to students' attention, love and praise. Sometimes, knowing smiles and approving eyes will bring warm blessings and sincere affirmation to students. At the same time, static and beautiful blackboard writing will also play an irreplaceable role in students' learning. In this lesson, Mr. Wu scientifically wrote on the blackboard, fully highlighting the main content "average". For example, circle the average "95", circle the largest number "136" and the smallest number "95" in a group of data, highlight the interval where the average is generated, fully understand the interval where the average is generated, and deepen the memory effect of students. In particular, the board on the left draws the figure of the height of six-year-old students, and explains to the students that this figure is very important, and it is the basis of all our mean estimation. Seemingly unintentional, but actually intentional. Teacher Wu wants the fourth-grade students to know the normal distribution map that they will not learn until high school in the future, and to infiltrate statistical knowledge and statistical thought in advance.

Third, help students understand the meaning of the average by combining life examples.

The new curriculum emphasizes that mathematics learning must strengthen the connection with the reality of life, so that students can feel that there is mathematics everywhere in life, thus improving their interest in mathematics learning. Average is widely used in our life, so it is not difficult to find the average. Understanding the meaning of the average should be the focus of this lesson. Therefore, in order to strengthen students' understanding of the meaning of the average, Mr. Wu takes "re-formulation of the standard of free tickets for six-year-old children" as an example. Let students first generate the demand for the average, experience the generation process of the average and deepen their understanding of the meaning of the average. At the same time, the method of finding the average value is discovered and learned in the process of students understanding the meaning. Students express their understanding of the average in their own imprecise language. Although this is only preliminary, it is very valuable. In addition, the average is generated to solve problems, so when students understand the meaning of the average, they can realize that mathematics is related to life and mathematics is related to me, thus generating my strong desire to learn and use mathematics.

Fourth, don't show weakness, don't be lazy, and improve students' dominant position in learning.

One of the key points of the new curriculum reform is to strive to achieve cooperative communication and independent inquiry, so that students can become the masters of learning and classroom. Therefore, teachers should learn to be "weak" and "lazy". In fact, everyone subconsciously wants to be strong and wants to show their strength by helping and protecting the weak. The same is true for students. When teachers appear as helpers and the weak, they can greatly stimulate students' desire for expression and enthusiasm for helping others. In addition, we should learn to be lazy and make students diligent and smart. Otherwise, because we are smart and diligent, it is likely to lead to the thankless dilemma of students' inactive thinking and low ability. When Mr. Wu came to this class, he skillfully used this art and achieved good results. For example, "If you are the leader of a certain department, how can you set the standard of free tickets for six-year-olds?" "What should I do?" "I served as a judge in CCTV and scored the police. There are nine judges. He said that a highest score and a lowest (short) score must be removed. I really don't understand why? " . "Your decision is a bit …" "This set of averages may be …" and so on. Laziness during that time left room for children to think. Laziness is an art, and weakness is also an art. We should be good at expressing weakness and laziness in class and properly use the art of expressing weakness and laziness. It is really because of the weakness and laziness of teachers that students' enthusiasm and initiative are boosted, a kind of "flip" of teaching under the new curriculum reform is realized, and the main position of students' learning is highlighted.

Fifth, use scientific design to help students build a knowledge system.

The overall design of this lesson takes children's development as the starting point and provides a space suitable for children's development. In the way of presentation, we should pay attention to the generation of the average of experience, experience and feeling, understand the essential meaning of the average, pay attention to the learning process, let children learn to think, learn the strategy of solving problems, and pay more attention to students' emotional attitude and values. In terms of learning methods, this lesson is to let children "learn mathematics" in the activity of "re-formulating the standard of free tickets for six-year-old children", taking examples as the carrier, providing children with a lot of time and space for discussion, cooperation and independent exploration, and giving full play to the main role of students. In the form of teaching, we should pay attention to combining with the reality of life, so that children can solve interesting, meaningful and challenging problems around them and students can learn interesting but not boring. Through this series of teaching designs, students can deeply understand the meaning of the average and build a cognitive system of the average.

In a word, this class is a wonderful demonstration class that leads the reform of primary school mathematics curriculum. Teacher Wu not only pays attention to children's knowledge and skills, but also pays attention to the cultivation of emotional attitudes and values. It truly embodies the concept of new curriculum reform and realizes the transformation from exam-oriented education to quality education. (Published in the 5th issue of 20 17 "Research on Curriculum Textbooks for Middle Schools in Gansu Province" and the 3rd issue of 20 17 "Pingliang Education in Pingliang Education Bureau").