Beijing is the capital of People's Republic of China (PRC), the national political and cultural center, a world-famous ancient capital and a modern international city. Beijing is located at 39 degrees 56 minutes north latitude and 1 16 degrees 20 minutes east longitude. It is located in the north of North China Plain, bordering Tianjin in the east and Hebei Province in the rest.
Beijing's land area is 164 10.54 square kilometers, and the whole city has 16 districts. By the end of 20 17, Beijing had 16 municipal districts, namely Dongcheng District, Xicheng District, Chaoyang District, Fengtai District, Shijingshan District, Haidian District, Shunyi District, Tongzhou District, Daxing District, Fangshan District, Mentougou District, Changping District, Pinggu District, Miyun District, Huairou District and Yanqing District, respectively.
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Evolution of Beijing's organizational system;
1. As early as the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Zhou Wuwang named Zhao Gong both capital city and its vicinity, calling it Yan. Its capital is Liu Lihe Town, Fangshan District, Beijing, and the site still exists. After the Yellow Emperor, the surname Ji was in the southwest of Beijing today. After Yan was destroyed, it moved its capital to Ji, which was collectively called Yan Dou or Yanjing.
2. When Guangwu was restructured in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the secretariat department of Youzhou was located in Jixian County. Yongyuan reinstated Yangguangjun in eight years. In the Western Jin Dynasty, the court changed Yangguang County to Yan State, and Youzhou moved to Fanyang. After the Sixteen Kingdoms, Zhao moved back to Jixian County, and Yan State was changed to Yan State. After Yan Qian, Qianqin, Houyan and Northern Wei, it remained unchanged.
3. At the beginning of the Five Dynasties, Liu Rengong, a warlord, established a local regime here, called the Prince of Yan, which was later destroyed by the later Tang Dynasty. In the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, Song Taizong fought against Liao in Gaolianghe (now Haidian District, Beijing), and was defeated in the Northern Song Dynasty. From then on, he longed for sixteen states. Liao established Beijing as its capital in the first year of Huitong (938), and changed its name to the Western Jin Dynasty in the first year of Kaitai.
4. Shuntianfu was established in Ming and Qing Dynasties, which governed the capital area, similar to Beijing today, but with different jurisdictions. Qing soldiers stationed in Beijing after entering the customs, also known as Shuntianfu, is the capital of Beijing and belongs to Zhili.
5. In the tenth year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1860), the British and French allied forces invaded Beijing and signed the Beijing Treaty. In the 26th year of Guangxu (1900), Eight-Nation Alliance went to Beijing again, and a large number of cultural relics were looted by invading troops and bad guys. In A.D. 190 1 year, we signed a treaty of shame with eleven countries in Beijing.
6. After the Revolution of 1911, Nanjing was the capital of the Republic of China in the first year of the Republic of China (19 12) and 1 0/0. In March of the same year, Nanjing moved to Beijing until the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928), when Zhang Bing captured Beijing.
7. In June of the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928), after the Northern Expedition, the capital moved back to Nanjing, and the former Jingzhao place was abandoned. Beijing was renamed Beiping Special City, and later changed to Beiping City, which was under the Executive Yuan of Nanjing National Government.
8. In the Republic of China 19 (1930), in June, Beiping was downgraded to the municipality of Hebei Province, and in February of the same year, it was upgraded to the municipality of this hospital again. After the July 7th Incident in the 26th year of the Republic of China (1937), Beiping was occupied by Japan. The provisional government of the puppet Republic of China was established here, and Beiping was renamed Beijing.
In September, 1949, 65438+3 1 year1October, Fu reached a peace agreement with the China * * * production party, led 250,000 Kuomintang troops to the * * * production party, and the China People's Liberation Army entered Peiping, which was peacefully liberated.
10, 1949 On September 27th, the first plenary session of China People's Political Consultative Conference passed a resolution on the people's capital, year number, national anthem and national flag of China, and Beiping was renamed Beijing. 1949 10 10/day, the Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (PRC) was proclaimed in Beijing. ?
Baidu Encyclopedia-Beijing (the capital of People's Republic of China (PRC))
Beijing Municipal People's Government-Overview of Beijing