First, the basic concept of division
Division is a mathematical operation, its purpose is to divide a number into several parts, and the number of each part is equal. In the division operation, the dividend is the number to be divided into several parts, the divisor is the number used to divide the dividend, and the quotient is the result of the division operation.
Second, the calculation steps of primary school mathematics division
(A) column division
Column division is the most commonly used division calculation method in primary school mathematics. The specific steps are as follows:
1. Write the dividend and divisor vertically, with the dividend above and the divisor below.
2. From left to right, divide the first divisor and the first dividend to get quotient and remainder.
3. Write the quotient vertically and write the remainder below the dividend to form a new dividend.
4. Repeat the second and third steps until all the dividends are divided.
5. Add all the quotients to get the final quotients.
(2) Short division
Short division is a simple division calculation method, which is suitable for division with divisor of single digits. The specific steps are as follows:
1. Synthesize the first number of the dividend and the second array into a two-digit number, and then divide it by the divisor to get the quotient and the remainder.
2. Write the quotient vertically, and write the remainder below the dividend to form a new dividend.
3. Repeat the first and second steps until all the dividends are divided.
4. Add all the quotients to get the final quotients.
Third, the skills of primary school mathematics division
(A) master the pluralistic relationship
In division operation, there is a certain multiple relationship between dividend and divisor, and mastering this relationship can greatly simplify the difficulty of division operation. For example, when the divisor is a multiple of 5, its single digit must be 5 or 0; When the divisor is a multiple of 10, its unit number must be 0.
(b) Replace division with subtraction.
Some division operations may be complicated, so we can consider using subtraction instead of division to simplify the operation. For example, to calculate 56÷4, you can first calculate the multiple of 4, that is, 52÷4= 13, and then use 56-52=4 to get the remainder 4, and the final result is 13+4.
(3) Disposal of the remaining parts
In the division operation, there are many ways to deal with the remainder. You can choose to discard the remainder or keep the remainder. Generally speaking, when the remainder is less than or equal to the divisor, the remainder can be retained; When the remainder is greater than the divisor, the remainder should be added to the quotient.