Good at reciting, amazing memory.
Reciting can enable us to master some important knowledge accurately and firmly. Why do you see it? For example. Imagine that an engineer encounters an emergency at work and has to look up books to find basic formulas; When the teacher taught the students to recite ancient poems, they forgot the original sentence and had to turn over the textbooks. How embarrassing this situation will be, and sometimes even make a big mistake. All this shows that it is futile to extract the most basic and important knowledge at a critical moment.
Dong taught his daughter in a letter: "Chinese should be read at least ten times in each class, and some texts should be memorized." Many great and learned people throughout the ages are mostly related to their good recitation and amazing memory. Marx, Engels and Lenin are all proficient in many foreign languages. Marx can recite many poems of Goethe and Heine, and often quote their poems in conversation, which makes the conversation more subtle, philosophical and interesting. If he is not good at reciting, he will never do it. Being good at reciting can enrich our knowledge reserves day by day. In ancient China, there was a saying that "if you don't know how to write, you can recite poems".
I have a few points here for reference only.
Classical Chinese recitation
Method of breaking the whole into parts
Reading a classical Chinese as a whole is like "swallowing dates". We should analyze the whole into several meaningful paragraphs and read them in sections.
[Analysis] After analyzing the meaning paragraphs of a text, we can see the clues of the article and the author's ideas, and know the ins and outs of clearly written people and things, and then run through them according to the sequence of things, the logic of life and the explanation of the ins and outs according to the time and place. Once the level is clear, you can recite it quickly after reading it carefully. Reciting should be carried out in stages, and every breakthrough should be carried out until all the words are recited.
Replication method
This is a way to recite with eyes, mouth, hands and heart.
[Analysis] Look at the words, words and sentences of the article, read the words, words and sentences of the article, write the words, words and sentences of the article by hand, and think about the words, words and sentences of the article. Copy, copy, read, read, copy, not long, read part, copy part, back part. Then if you have read it all, you have copied it all, and you can recite it all. Familiar, familiar with the mantra, familiar with the hands, familiar with the heart, the full text will be easy to recite.
Progressive method
Adopting this method is like snowballing, that is, reading the first sentence first, that is, reciting the first sentence; Reading the first sentence and the second sentence together means that the first sentence and the second sentence are recited together. And so on, scroll forward until the complete text is accumulated.
Grasping method
It is natural to implement the "three stresses" by department.
[Example] Before reciting the "Warring States policy, Tang Ju will live up to his mission", we can use three grasping hands. For example, in the first natural paragraph, first grasp the first word of this paragraph-"Qin"; Then grab the first sentence of this paragraph-"The king of Qin made people call him an Ling Jun Yue"; Finally, grasping the author's thoughts reflected in this paragraph and the context of the article-the confrontation between the king of Qin and the king of Anling is the antecedent of the Tang drama's mission and the prelude to the struggle between the two sides. The beginning of the plot. These three grippers have promoted each other. It is easier to recite the text according to these tips.
Recitation method of looking after translation
That is, from style to classical Chinese.
[Example] If you want to recite Ouyang Xiu's Zuiweng Pavilion, you can first translate it sentence by sentence into modern Chinese (that is, "modern translation"), then return to ancient Chinese according to the translated Chinese (that is, modern translation), and then from ancient to modern, that is, from translation back to the original classical Chinese, repeatedly. This not only practices the translation from modern times to ancient times, but also compares the vocabulary syntax between ancient times and modern times.
[Analysis] The above five methods are effective for reciting the original text. Of course, every method can be used, and it seems better to combine several methods. In short, there is no fixed method. One is to use whatever method everyone likes, which is subjective. The other depends on the objective reciting effect. If a method is fast (fast) and good (accurate), then that method is the best.
Sixteen methods of text recitation
First, copying and reciting.
As the saying goes, "It is better to read it ten times than to copy it once." When reading poetry or prose, read one sentence first and copy one; Read more words and copy more; Finally, read a paragraph and copy a paragraph until you finish reading a paragraph and then copy another paragraph, that is, read first and then copy, and then read again after copying.
Second, the space-time method. Remember to remember the words that indicate the time sequence and orientation in the content.
Third, the character method. Remember several words in the article in turn (or in categories), so as to remember people's feelings and words, which is helpful for understanding and reciting.
Fourth, situational method. Create specific situations and read according to them, which is easy to understand and remember. Especially beautiful poems and essays, this method is more effective.
Fifth, the plot method. It's much easier to master the cause, process, development, climax and result of the story. Sixth, the extension method.
Reciting short passages or poems can be extended sentence by sentence from the beginning, that is, reciting the first sentence, taking the first sentence when reciting the second sentence, taking the first and second sentences when reciting the third sentence, and so on until the whole article.
VII. Comparative method. Find out the parts of the text that are contrasted and remember the nature, characteristics and functions of this contrast, so that it will be easy to recite. Eight, the problem method. Put forward several coherent and systematic questions and memorize the recited contents in the order of answers.
Nine, outline method. Make a simple outline, and then practice reciting according to the outline.
10. When memorizing by list method, summarize the contents that need to be recited first, so that the complicated contents are simplified, characterized and organized, which is clear at a glance, easy to draw inferences and deepen the impression.
Eleven, interval method to remember the words of the text can not be afraid of repetition, the second and third days to read the words read on the first day, review the old knowledge, often read often new. Twelve, singing. The content to be recited is written in verse, which is easy to read and remember.
Thirteen, the dotted line method grasps the context of the article, extracts keywords and sentences at all levels as memory points, such as verbs representing characters, arranges them in order, and then connects them into lines and faces to memorize and recite the text quickly, that is, connects the main contents of the full text according to the clue order of the article writing.
Fourteen, division method
Recite the sentences first, recite the key words in the sentences, so as to finish reciting them sentence by sentence, and then combine them, from words to sentences, clauses to paragraphs, and then from paragraphs to paragraphs. Or grasp the main part of the content to be memorized first, then drive the secondary part, and then close the back.
15. Relationship method.
Before reciting, make clear the structural relationship of the article, such as the total before the score, the total after the score, the total score-total: such as the dynamic and static relationship, the far-near relationship, and so on.
Sixteen, auditory method
This method is read by one person or several people, and everyone is all ears. Or you can record what you want to recite first, then play it out and listen carefully. It will be better to practice reciting in this way than simply reading it repeatedly.
In fact, both Chinese and foreign languages attach great importance to "reciting".