For example, liberal arts, Chinese politics, science, physics and mathematics can all be teachers.
Relationship between major and target occupation
On the Relationship between Specialty and Occupation
If the career ideal and employment goal are the destination, then the choice of study (major) is the main content of the route. Different occupations need different knowledge, skills and moral and physical conditions, and different knowledge and skills are the main contents of learning (specialized) industry. From the point of view of economy and efficiency, the major we choose should of course be the knowledge and skills needed for our career goals. However, from the perspective of the correlation between study (university) and occupation, it is not all one-to-one correspondence, but presents a very complicated correlation such as one-to-one, one-to-many and many-to-many. For example, the major of CNC machine tools is only suitable for the operation and maintenance of CNC machine tools in enterprises, and finally develops into a senior technician. The most suitable thing to do after graduating from cooking major is to become a chef. At the same time, some majors have a broad career direction. For example, students majoring in economics can engage in business management, economic research, journalism, marketing planning, economic analysis, college teachers and other occupations. For a certain profession, such as journalist, you can accept economics, journalism, Chinese, philosophy, history and other majors. Then when we plan our study, we should first study and analyze the correlation between major and occupation. Is it one-to-one, one-to-many or many-to-one After determining these problems, we will discuss the professional choice of these three situations in detail.
1, one to one
This situation is the simplest. A major direction corresponds to a career goal, and such majors generally exist in secondary vocational or higher vocational colleges. The training goal is single and clear. This kind of occupation has relatively high technical content and is relatively simple. It is a relatively active situation in academic planning. It allows us to set goals first, then choose the route, and choose the one with the lowest learning cost among various routes. Such majors and occupations are generally suitable for professional and technical personnel.
2. One to many
This kind of specialty generally exists in ordinary colleges and universities, and people often say that it has a wide caliber and a thick foundation. There are many corresponding career goals, many of which are based on the personality characteristics of occupations, involving occupations corresponding to more than two or even six personality types. For example, the economics major mentioned above, from the perspective of professional personality, can correspond to research-oriented personality occupations such as economic research, managerial personality occupations such as enterprise managers or journalists, artistic personality occupations such as marketing planning, and transactional personality occupations such as enterprise information management. In this way, after determining the professional direction, we must also determine the professional goals suitable for our own development. What should be noted here is that when setting career goals, you must be consistent with your own occupational character. For example, if you have a managerial personality, you should choose a career with managerial personality, such as an enterprise manager or a reporter. And learn and develop other necessary knowledge and skills according to the standard requirements of specific career goals. For example, if you are an economics major and you are sure that you will become a journalist after graduation, then you should develop and learn according to other knowledge and skills that journalists need, such as writing ability, social skills, news sensitivity training, driving skills and so on. This type is suitable for the situation that the major is determined first and then the career goal is determined in the academic planning. It should be said that it is a passive life development trend to set the major first and then the career goal. However, due to the existence of this type, students can smoothly change from passive to active. Therefore, as a freshman, we must seize this critical opportunity and turn passivity into initiative. Otherwise, your life development will be more passive.
3. Many to one
It is the situation that a variety of majors can develop into a certain major. This kind of occupation generally belongs to the occupation of management personality. For example, journalists, such as government civil servants, such as marketing executives, such as business management and so on. This type is also suitable for the situation that the professional goal is determined first and then the professional direction is determined. In fact, it is similar to the first one, and it is in a more active position in academic planning, so it can better find an academic route with the lowest learning cost.
The corresponding relationship between major and occupation is discussed from a macro perspective, but when choosing a major, you should know the specific corresponding relationship between major and occupation, such as what you can do after graduation, what are the advantages and disadvantages of these jobs, and what are the career prospects? Wait a minute. These contents will be analyzed in detail in the second volume of this book (University Professional Analysis). This will be our classmates' guide to university education investment. After reading this part, you will have a clear understanding of what you study in a certain major, what you will do after graduation, what you can get from this kind of work, its development prospects, how long you will spend, and how much you will spend in a certain school of this major, so as to make a clear decision and make a clear consumption.
Analysis of professional industry characteristics
After determining the employment goal and understanding the relationship between major and occupation, it laid a good foundation for us to determine the major. It should be pointed out that the major we set up is generally a professional group, not just a major. For example, accounting majors are suitable for you, so financial management, accounting computerization and other majors can also be chosen. In this section, we will focus on other factors that affect the choice of major. Sometimes, due to the change of conditions, these seemingly unimportant factors are likely to rise to become key factors. So this is also something that we must seriously consider when determining our major.
At present, China University has twelve majors (including military science), namely philosophy, law, economics, education, literature, history, management, science, engineering, agriculture, medicine and military science. In these eleven categories, we can divide them into professional majors and pan-professional majors according to the relationship between majors and professional industries. The so-called industrial specialty refers to strong industry, high entry threshold, high professional knowledge and technical content. Such majors include: science, law, education, engineering, agronomy and medicine. Pan-industry refers to the weak industry of this major, which has a wide adaptability in all industries. At the same time, this kind of major has low entry threshold and low professional knowledge and technical content, but it requires practitioners to have high personal understanding and learning ability in practice. Such majors include philosophy, economics, literature, history, management and so on. Let's comment on the development status of various occupations.
professional
1. Mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology and other majors in Neo-Confucianism belong to basic research disciplines. After graduation, their employment is relatively narrow.
2. The law majors in law include law, intellectual property, prison science and other majors. The typical career direction of this kind of major is lawyers and judges. Lawyers are very scarce occupations in China, but at the same time, the demand for such occupations in China is not strong.
3. The majors of engineering, agricultural science and medicine are applied and practical, and the domestic demand is very strong at present. Of course, the situation of each specific major is not exactly the same. In addition, due to the narrow employment scope of this major, students who choose this major must have the awareness of being prepared for danger in times of peace, and cannot have the idea of once and for all. They should continue to study in their posts, pay attention to social and economic changes, and adjust their academic plans in time.
4. Pedagogy is a special major. In China, because the field of education, especially basic education, is completely monopolized by the government, the treatment of teachers is stable and generous. In 2007, the state issued a policy to provide free education to six normal colleges directly under the Ministry of Education, and assign jobs after graduation. This is still very attractive to the children of vulnerable groups.
Pan-specialty
Philosophy, economics, literature, history, management and other majors belong to pan-industry majors, that is, students who have studied the above majors have extensive industry adaptability in the talent market. But at the same time, it also puts forward higher and more specific requirements for the personal quality of scholars (future job seekers). Due to the low cost of setting up and building such majors, many colleges and universities blindly expand enrollment and set up many such majors, which makes the supply of such job seekers exceed the demand in the talent market. All these require students (future job seekers) to improve their professional quality on the one hand, and develop more competitive resources on the other hand, such as personal connections and suitable qualification certificates.
1. After graduating from philosophy, in addition to the six occupations listed above, you can also show your talents in business management. Philosophy is the study of universal laws in the world. If a philosophy major studies some business majors, such as marketing, financial accounting, economic management, etc. And if other factors support him to become a qualified enterprise manager, then he will certainly achieve something in enterprise management. Of course, if you only graduated from philosophy, but there is no other major that can better show your ability and quality, then this major is not easy to find a job. Therefore, students should be reminded to choose their philosophy major carefully when making the decision to enter a higher school.
2. Economics and management are highly applied and practical subjects. At present, China takes economic construction as the center, so the demand for economic management talents is also quite large. The problem is that there are too many graduates majoring in economic management in colleges and universities, and students can't find jobs smoothly by relying solely on economic management. This requires that students not only have diplomas, but also have the quality and ability to engage in specific business. Only good professional quality is a solid foundation for successful employment.
3. Literature and history majors have wide adaptability. In addition to the six many-to-one occupations mentioned above, you can also show your talents in the field of enterprise management. However, this profession requires specific and high personal qualities, so students majoring in literature and history should not only learn their major well, but also set specific career goals according to their own aspirations, so as to learn the knowledge and skills needed for career goals and constantly improve themselves.