German mathematician and physicist Bernhard Riemann (1826.9.17-1866.7.20) has made important contributions in mathematical analysis and differential geometry, some of which paved the way for the development of general relativity.
In the paper on the distribution of prime numbers published in 1858, Riemann zeta function is studied, and the integral expression of zeta function and its functional equation are given. His famous Riemann conjecture is still unsolved.
Riemann's work directly influenced the development of mathematics in the second half of19th century. Many outstanding mathematicians have re-demonstrated the theorem asserted by Riemann, and many branches of mathematics have made brilliant achievements under the influence of Riemann's thought.
Riemann first put forward a new idea and method of studying number theory with complex variable function theory, especially zeta function, which initiated a new period of analytic number theory and had a far-reaching influence on the development of simple complex variable function theory. He is one of the most original mathematicians in the history of mathematics in the world.
1826, he was born in Breselenz, a small town in the kingdom of Hanover (now Germany). His father, Friedrich Bernhard Riemann, was a local Lutheran priest. He ranks second among six children.
1840, Riemann moved to Hanover to live with his grandmother and entered middle school.
After his grandmother died in 1842, he moved to Johnny's, Lueneburg.
1846, according to his father's wishes, Riemann entered the University of G? ttingen to study philosophy and theology. During this period, he went to some math lectures, including Gauss's lecture on least square method. With his father's permission, he changed to mathematics.
/kloc-in the spring of 0/847, Riemann transferred to Berlin University and joined jacoby, Dirichlet and Steiner. Two years later, he returned to G? ttingen.
1854, he delivered his first speech entitled "On Hypothesis as the Basis of Geometry", which initiated Riemann geometry and provided a mathematical basis for Einstein's general theory of relativity.
1857 was promoted to an adjunct professor at the University of G? ttingen, 1859 became a full professor after Dirichlet's death.