Bruner, an American psychologist, said: The best motivation for learning is interest in the subject. Interest is the best teacher and the direct driving force to promote students' learning. Generally speaking, if a student is interested in what he has learned, he will learn this knowledge deeply and with interest, and will dabble in related knowledge extensively, showing tenacious spirit of research when encountering difficulties. Otherwise, he only grasps the knowledge he has learned superficially and formally, and often loses confidence when encountering difficulties and cannot persist in learning. Therefore, in order to promote students' active learning, we must stimulate and cultivate students' interest in learning. Stimulating and cultivating students' interest in learning should be a task of teaching anytime and anywhere. Mathematics comes from life and must be rooted in life, and is widely used in life. Summarizing mathematics knowledge abstractly from real life and then applying it to real life will definitely stimulate students' interest in learning mathematics. Showing the rich aesthetic factors of mathematics, such as formal beauty, generalization beauty, simplicity beauty, symmetry beauty and dialectical beauty, is an excellent material to stimulate students' interest in learning. Teachers' timely praise and encouragement and positive evaluation of students are effective means to improve students' interest in learning. In short, students' interest in learning is not innate, but cultivated under certain conditions. Only when students have a strong interest in learning can they actively explore new knowledge. So how to cultivate students' interest in learning mathematics?
First, start with cultivating observation ability and generate interest.
Use slides, models, objects and other teaching AIDS reasonably in teaching, and give some familiar examples as far as possible, so as to guide students to observe, analyze and synthesize vividly and intuitively, thus stimulating students' interest in learning knowledge, making students simplify the complex in a relaxed and pleasant environment, making what they have learned difficult to master and not getting lost in the abstruse mathematical maze. Because observation is an important ability to know things and increase knowledge, and it is an important factor that constitutes intelligence. In primary school mathematics teaching, students must be guided to master the basic observation methods, learn to analyze the appearance and essence of things in observation, and discover the laws of things, so as to continuously acquire new knowledge, cultivate ability and develop intelligence.
So I think people's understanding and accumulation of knowledge is achieved through observation and practice. Without observation, there is no rich imagination, and there can be no correct reasoning, generalization and creation. Therefore, consciously arranging students to observe and think, gradually cultivating students' observation ability and developing students' imagination not only increase their interest in mathematics, but also create a good classroom atmosphere.
Second, the rational use of visual AIDS to cultivate interest
Classroom teaching is a * * * activity of teachers and students, and students are the masters of learning and the main participants in teaching activities. Therefore, in teaching, it is far from enough for teachers to improve their language expression ability and sense of language. To solve the contradiction between abstraction and visualization of mathematical knowledge, we should also make full use of various means of intuitive teaching. Intuitive things have the advantage of being visible and tangible. Intuition can sometimes directly explain the problem, and sometimes help students understand the problem, which will leave a deep impression and make them get endless fun from learning. On this basis, the teacher summed it up with accurate and concise mathematical language, which made the students rise from simple perceptual knowledge to rational knowledge, which not only gave full play to the students' learning enthusiasm, but also further deepened their knowledge.
3. Attach importance to students' operation, encourage students to participate and develop their interests.
In the teaching process, only the teacher's demonstration, without the students' personal operation, the knowledge gained by the students is still superficial. Therefore, we should not only pay attention to the use of visual teaching AIDS, but also let students participate in practical activities as much as possible. Only by letting every student take part in practical operation and learning activities with various senses can all students get a relatively full and complete perception, which is convenient for information storage and extraction. In teaching, teachers should provide students with more opportunities for hands-on operation, so that students can cultivate their interest in learning and acquire knowledge in hands-on activities. In teaching, nodding appropriately indicates affirmation, saying yes or praise, or encouraging words. You can also ask everyone to applaud or give out small red flowers and insert small red flags to congratulate students on their progress. Doing so can give students great encouragement, and at the same time, they should be good at discovering students' bright spots and affirming them, so as to mobilize students' learning enthusiasm to the maximum extent, increase their courage to overcome difficulties and improve their interest in learning mathematics.
Fourth, improve students' calculation speed and stimulate their interest.
Computing is an indispensable ability for students to learn, and higher requirements should be put forward for students on the basis of their certain computing ability. When practicing this, we should use the time indicator appropriately. At first, the index can be lower, so that most students can complete the calculation within the specified time, and then gradually raise the requirements to encourage fast students to further improve their speed. At the same time, we can also use some practice forms that are conducive to improving the calculation speed, such as my fastest speed, calculation competition, and rushing to answer questions, to arouse students' interest in learning. In addition, it is necessary to cultivate students' ability to choose algorithms flexibly. In teaching, to organize students' discussion, we can use some topics to analyze students in detail and treat them differently, so that students can acquire the ability to choose the best algorithm. In addition, their homework should be evaluated more, so that students can taste the sweetness of quick calculation through calculation exercises, and form the habit of consciously doing oral calculation and simple operation, choosing the best algorithm and checking calculation. Therefore, students will not only enjoy it, but more importantly, develop their thinking and enrich their thinking ability, thus stimulating their interest in learning, enabling them to acquire knowledge and improve their computing ability in a pleasant learning atmosphere. Therefore, teachers should make rational use of exercises to stimulate interest.
5. Stimulate interest by trying learning methods.
Psychologist Thorndike believes that trial and error is the basic form of learning. Indeed, students can't always choose the right methods and ways to solve problems in their own exploration and study, and it is inevitable that their thinking will be blocked. At this time, we should change our ways, find another way, adjust our thinking and attack separately. At this time, teachers should stimulate students' desire to try in time, inspire them to use the original cognitive structure to radiate to all aspects that may solve problems, try their best to find various methods to solve problems, solve problems through constant trial and choice, stimulate interest and master knowledge. After constant trial and error, we finally got a correct understanding. Trying is a very important learning method in mathematics. Teachers must teach students this learning method in teaching, otherwise students will not be able to adjust their thinking, find another way and continue their study once their thinking is blocked.
6. Use illustrations in textbooks to create situations and stimulate interest.
Mathematics experimental teaching materials are based on the reality of children's life from beginning to end, creating life scenes that children love to see and hear, integrating mathematics knowledge into problem situations, stimulating students' interest in learning and inspiring students' thinking. We should make full use of illustrations in teaching materials to stimulate students' interest in learning.
In addition, we can also stimulate students' interest in learning by guiding students to operate, intuitively demonstrating, simulating performances, debating contests, striving to be primary school teachers, and multimedia courseware-assisted teaching.
Knowledge, ability, intelligence and interest are closely related, and the behavior of primary school students is largely dominated by emotions. Mathematics teaching refers to students' ability to acquire and apply knowledge independently through their own active learning under the guidance of teachers. Teachers should consciously create a good classroom atmosphere according to this feature, so that students love learning and are interested in the subjects they have learned. Therefore, teachers should teach students learning methods, let them use correct learning methods, master knowledge smoothly, experience the fun after success and increase their interest in learning; At the same time, when designing teaching methods, teachers should pay attention to students' characteristics, conform to students' learning methods, and insist on guiding and training students with knowledge, so that students can master the key to open the door of knowledge as soon as possible, which can stimulate students' interest in learning and receive good teaching results.