These are logical conjunctions, which generally appear in books of mathematical logic or meta-mathematics. These symbols are used to connect two propositions (negative is not). Negation+proposition is negation. Proposition 1+ conjunction+proposition 2 means that two propositions are established at the same time. The proposition 1+ disjunction+proposition 2 means that at least one of the two propositions holds.

Right and wrong, and, or the other way around.

∧ means power, and what number is added after it is a power of several times.

A ∧ b = c means that the b power of a is equal to C.

C is true (or 1) if and only if at least one of A and B is true (or at least one is 1).

This is a conjunction in discrete mathematics. For example, if r=q∧p, then r is true (or 1) if and only if both p and q are true (or both 1).

On the other hand, for analysis (xi), take a conjunction and read it as disjunction, such as r=p∨q and r is true (or 1) if and only if at least one of p and q is true (or at least one of p and q is 1).

These are all in mathematical logic. If q is true, its value is 1, and if it is false, its value is 0.