1. 1 positive and negative numbers

The concepts of positive and negative numbers

Use positive numbers and negative numbers to represent quantities with opposite meanings.

1.2 rational number

Some Concepts of Rational Numbers

Classification of rational numbers

The concept of number set

The concept of number axis

The relationship between points on the number axis and rational numbers

Corresponding thing

absolute value

Comparison of rational numbers

Addition and subtraction of rational number 1.3

Law of rational number addition

Addition algorithm of rational numbers

Law of rational number subtraction

Mixed operation of rational number addition and subtraction

Calculating the addition and subtraction mixed operation of rational number with calculator

Multiplication and division of rational number 1.4

Multiplication rule of rational numbers

The concept of reciprocity

Multiplication algorithm of rational numbers

Items, coefficients of items, and items with the same letter are merged.

Division rule of rational numbers

1.5 power of rational number

The meaning of power

Multiplication law

Mixed operation order of rational numbers

Scientific symbol

Negative exponent in scientific notation

1. 1 the product of a number and a letter under a divisor and a significant number. Such an algebraic expression is called a monomial. Several simple sums are called polynomials. In the monomial, the exponential sum of all letters is called the number of times in this one-way form. The degree of the term with the highest degree in a polynomial is called the degree of the polynomial. 1.3 is multiplied by the power of the enemy number, the cardinal number is unchanged, and the exponents are added. 1.4 power, constant base, exponential multiplication. The power of product is equal to the product of each factor. 1.4 Divide by the power with the same base, with the same base, and subtract exponentially. The zero power of any nonzero number is equal to 1 1.6. Multiply their coefficients and the powers of the same letters respectively, and the remaining letters and their exponents are used as the factorial of the product. Multiplying polynomial with monomial means multiplying each term of polynomial by monomial according to the distribution law, and then adding the products. Polynomials are commensurate with polynomials. First, multiply each term of one polynomial by each term of another polynomial, and then add the products. The product of the sum of two numbers of 1.7 and the difference between these two numbers is equal to their square difference 1.9. Divided by the coefficient and same base powers, respectively, as a factor on the table. For a letter only contained in the division formula, it is a factor in the world together with its straight tree. Polynomial divided by monomial, first divide each term of this polynomial by monomial, and then add the obtained quotients. 2. 1 definition of complementary angle: if the sum of two angles is a right angle, then these two angles are complementary angles. An angle is called the complementary angle of another angle ∠A+∠ C = 180, ∠ A = 180-. For example: ∠ A+∠C=∠B = 180, ∠ A+∠ C = 180, then: ∠C=∠B. The complementary angles of equal angles are equal. For example: ∠ A+∠C=∠B = 180, ∠ D+∠ C = 180, ∠ A = ∠ D: ∠ C = ∠. ∠A+∠ C = 90，∠ A = 90-∠ C，∠ C = 90。 For example: ∠ A+∠C =∠B = 90, ∠ A+∠A+∠C = 90°, then: ∠ C = ∠ B. The complementary angles of equal angles are equal. For example, ∠ A+∠A+∠C =∠B = 90°, ∠ D+∠D+∠C = 90°, ∠ A = ∠ D = ∠ B. The congruence angle with the same vertex angle of 2.2 is defined as shown in the figure. Both are on the same side of the section line and on the same side of the other two straight lines. The diagonal line with this positional relationship is called the definition of isosceles angle. Two straight lines AB and CD are cut into eight angles by a third straight line EF. If both angles are on the inside of two straight lines and on both sides of the third straight line, then such diagonal lines are called inscribed angles. The ipsilateral internal angle is defined as the ipsilateral internal angle, and "ipsilateral" refers to the ipsilateral side of the third straight line; "Inside" means between two straight lines cut. Among the eight angles formed by two straight lines being cut by the third straight line, there are four pairs of congruent angles, two pairs of internal staggered angles and two pairs of internal angles on the same side. The characteristic of parallel lines is 1. These two lines are parallel and complement each other. 2. The two straight lines are parallel and the internal dislocation angles are equal. These two straight lines are parallel, and the included angle is equal. The judgment of parallel lines is 1. The internal angles on the same side are complementary and the two straight lines are parallel. 2. The internal dislocation angles are equal and the two straight lines are parallel. 3. The same angle is equal and two straight lines are parallel. If two straight lines are parallel to the third straight line at the same time, then the two straight lines are parallel to each other. 3.2 Effective figures Generally speaking, the effective figures of a data are all the figures of its reliable figures plus the first suspicious figures. 4. 1☆ Possibility★ refers to the probability of things happening, which is a quantitative indicator contained in things and indicates the development trend of things. The probability of the inevitable event is 1, and it is recorded as p (inevitable event) =1; The probability of an impossible event is 0, and it is recorded as p (impossible event) = 0; If a is an uncertain event, then 0