Theme: comprehensive application: saving water
I. Design Description
The fifth unit of the sixth grade of primary school mathematics, wide-angle "saving water", embodies the eternal theme of mankind: "cherish resources and start from me" And water is the source of all life, and it is also the basis for human survival. However, now the water crisis has threatened mankind! The United Nations has listed the water crisis as one of the most serious challenges facing mankind in the next decade. At present, about 654.38 billion people are in a state of water shortage. Please calculate: according to the monthly water consumption of 2 tons per person, there are 6 billion people in the world, and drinking water alone needs 65.438+02 billion tons every year! What about irrigation water? This is an amazing number. Although there is a lot of water in the global village, most of it is salt water, and the total amount of fresh water is only 3%. 90% of fresh water contains ice sheets, glaciers and snow that cannot be used. More than 400 cities in China are short of water, among which 1 10 is seriously short of water. According to United Nations standards, China is a water-deficient area! Therefore, it is our responsibility to save and protect water resources, and we should do our best to save and protect water resources. Therefore, through the in-depth study of this topic, let students understand the close relationship between human survival and natural resources and ecological environment, and understand that human beings should cherish resources, starting from me. "Saving water" aims to let students experience the process of collecting, sorting out and analyzing data through measurement and other activities, so as to urge students to comprehensively use mathematical knowledge, scientifically understand the waste of water resources in daily life and strengthen their awareness of environmental protection.
Second, the specific arrangements
1. Before class, ask students to collect relevant information: the number of leaky faucets at school or at home, the leakage of a leaky faucet at a certain time, and water saving information.
2. Analyze the data. Team work, measure and analyze the water leakage of the faucet at a certain moment, and calculate the water leakage speed of the faucet per minute. Arrange the students to discuss, "How to express the general level of faucet leakage investigated by the whole class is more appropriate".
Solve the problem. Solve the problems raised on page 75 of the textbook to help students have an objective and quantitative understanding of the phenomenon of wasting water in life.
4. Put forward a plan.
Third, teaching suggestions
Teachers can let students know about the water resources in China before class, and collect the leakage of a leaky faucet in a certain period of time. In the classroom, the group cooperates to measure the water leakage of the leaking faucet every minute, and guides the students to use the statistical knowledge they have learned to choose the appropriate statistics to represent the survey results of the whole class. After solving the 75-page problem, we can fully discuss the effective water-saving scheme and educate students on environmental protection.
Fourth, the teaching objectives:
Knowledge and skills objectives:
1, combined with simple statistics, quantitative measurement and other knowledge, through investigation, observation, hands-on operation, group cooperation and so on. To cultivate students' ability to solve practical problems and enhance their awareness of mathematics application.
2. Cultivate students' ability to analyze and solve problems according to their own reality. Consolidate and review the knowledge of average, median and mode, and expand students' thinking and strategies for solving problems.
3. Enable students to comprehensively use the knowledge they have learned to solve the actual water problems in life, feel the close connection between mathematics and real life, and cultivate students' application ability and practical ability. Understand that mathematics is close at hand, learn to observe and solve mathematical problems in life from a mathematical point of view, and improve students' mathematical literacy.
4. Cultivate students' ability to collect, organize, express and process information by collecting relevant information.
Process and method:
1, through investigation and interview, collect and sort out information, exchange and discuss with each other, and focus on understanding the phenomenon that local residents and enterprises waste and cherish resources, starting from me. Cultivate their autonomous learning ability.
2. Let students learn in practice and cultivate their ability to find, analyze and solve problems from life, thus cultivating their mathematical observation.
3. Through the process of group cooperative learning, let students understand the learning mode of "hands-on practice, independent exploration and cooperative communication" and cultivate the team spirit of the group.
Emotional attitudes and values:
1. Students actively participate in research activities through "saving water", so that students can realize the close relationship between human survival and natural resources and ecological environment. And make students feel the reality and urgency of "saving water", strengthen the sense of responsibility of "saving water, starting from me" and develop good moral character.
2. Get the thinking method of using mathematics to solve problems in practical activities, and cultivate students' awareness of communication and cooperation with others.
3. Experience the fun of inquiry activities and realize that inquiry can solve practical problems.
4. Appreciate the achievements of peers and objectively evaluate the value of yourself and your peers.
Five, teaching difficulties:
Teaching emphasis: the calculation of tap dripping speed and the drawing of broken line statistical chart.
Teaching difficulty: apply the measured data to real life.
Sixth, the teaching process:
(A), the introduction of conversation
1, show the courseware
Teacher: This is a photo of the earth taken from a satellite. In the photo, green is land and blue is water. We can see that two thirds of the earth's surface is covered with water, but 97% of the total water is salt water (including seawater and brackish water). Of the remaining 3% fresh water, 77% are polar ice sheets, glaciers and snow that are difficult for human beings to use. In fact, the actual available fresh water accounts for only 0.7% of the global total water, and most of it belongs to non-renewable exhausted groundwater. With the increase of the world population and the destruction of the natural environment, fresh water resources are becoming less and less. You know, many places in our country are still seriously short of water, resulting in a lot of land drying up. As a small host of a country, what do you think should be done? How do you feel after seeing these photos?
2. After the students talk to each other in pairs, please ask individual students to stand up and talk.
Step 3 reveal the topic
Teacher: China is a country short of water. Protecting and saving water is everyone's responsibility. Today, we will help Xiao Pang solve some problems about saving water.
(Exhibition theme: saving water)
(2) Review stage
(Review of two-digit multiplication)
1, Teacher: As small masters of the country, we should protect water resources, and it is everyone's responsibility to save water. Xiaopang's family is doing well. Let's go and have a look.
Show chubby problems
My family can save 60 kilograms of water on average every day. According to this calculation, how many kilograms of water can be saved a year?
2. Ask the students to say what the conditions and problems are and list the formulas.
60×365=2 1900 (kg)
A: It can save 21900kg of water a year. (Many a mickle makes a mickle permeates education)
3. Review the calculation method of two-digit multiplication.
4. Exercise: 56×78=4368
6500×30= 195000
(2) Review the division of two digits
1, Teacher: Just now, everyone solved the problem of chubby together, and Huanhuan also raised a question about water charges. Let's have a look.
Display problem (p7)
Last year, Xiao Pang's water fee was 1224 yuan. How much does he pay on average every month?
2. Ask the students to say what the conditions and problems are and list the formulas.
1224/12 =102 (yuan)
A: The average monthly payment is 102 yuan.
3. Review the calculation method of two-digit division.
4. Exercise 7128 ÷ 72 = 99 60600 ÷ 60 =10/0.
Third, comprehensive exercises.
1, Teacher: In order to save fresh water resources, Xiaopangjia has used various methods to save water this year. See how much money Xiaopang can save by saving water.
Let me see: Xiaopang's family saves an average of 4 yuan a month on water charges this year compared with last year. According to this calculation, how much water fee is expected to be paid this year?
2. Read the questions, and talk about the conditions and problems to be solved at the same table.
Answer the questions in the book according to the meaning. (102-4) ×12 =1176 (yuan)
Collective review and inspection.
Mutual talk calculation method.
3. Teacher: There are many ways to save water. Last semester, some students in our school put forward such a golden idea. Please come up with this idea.
Demonstration: put a sprite bottle in the water tank of the toilet, and you can save 1250 ml of water every time you flush the toilet. How many milliliters can I save by flushing the toilet 12 times a day? How about a month? What about a year (calculated by 30 days)? (calculated by 12 months)
A small sprite bottle can save so much water in a year without blowing off dust. What does the saved water mean to people in water-deficient areas? Please see:
Show it: Xiao pang saved nearly 5400 liters of water with the golden idea of environmental protection at home. According to the per capita daily water consumption of 200 liters, how many people can use this water a day?
5. Teacher: From the topic, we know that Xiao Pang's family has made their own contribution to saving water resources. Do you know that?/You know what? In order to save all kinds of energy, Shanghai has also put forward the slogan of "being an economical city". As a Shanghai citizen, can you talk about what you want to start with?
Fourth, class summary.
1, Teacher: Due to the continuous destruction of China's fresh water resources, the per capita fresh water resources are only a quarter of that of the world.1The per capita fresh water resources of four provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government are lower than the internationally recognized water shortage line (1750 cubic meters), so we must save water from now on.
2. Teacher: Through this lesson, please talk about how to save water at school or at home.
search one's heart
Learning materials have achieved good results in the classroom. This lesson is mainly to review the application problems I have learned, and further improve them on this basis. Combined with the infiltration of school environmental education in the discipline, I added a little ideological and moral education, such as "our life is inseparable from water" and how to "protect and save water" in real life. On the basis of fully understanding the textbook, I supplemented it according to the teaching needs. In the introduction part: I used a series of pictures with strong visual sense, which can guide students to understand the importance of water, make them feel the close relationship between water and life, and then lead to the second activity theme, that is, the foreshadowing of this class, review the applied problems learned, and carry out improvement exercises on this basis. Finally, it is the climax of this class, how to "protect and save water" in real life, contact with real life, and teach according to the golden ideas collected by the school, which is natural and close, so that students' understanding is from shallow to deep, interlocking and receiving good results. In the teaching of this class, students always participate in the whole process, and their enthusiasm for learning is actively high, which has successfully completed the teaching objectives of this class.