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Mathematics [English: Mathematics, from ancient Greece μ? θξμα(máthēma)； Often abbreviated as math or maths], it is a discipline that studies concepts such as quantity, structure, change, space and information.

Mathematics is a universal means for human beings to strictly describe and deduce the abstract structure and mode of things, and can be applied to any problem in the real world. All mathematical objects are artificially defined in essence.

In this sense, mathematics belongs to formal science, not natural science. Different mathematicians and philosophers have a series of views on the exact scope and definition of mathematics.

Mathematics plays an irreplaceable role in the development of human history and social life, and it is also an indispensable basic tool for studying and studying modern science and technology.

The evolution of mathematics can be regarded as the continuous development of abstraction or the extension of subject matter, and the eastern and western cultures have also taken different angles. European civilization developed geometry, and China developed arithmetic.

The first abstract concept is probably number (China's arithmetic), and its cognition that two apples and two oranges have something in common is a great breakthrough in human thought.

Besides knowing how to calculate the number of actual objects, prehistoric humans also knew how to calculate the number of abstract concepts, such as time: day, season and year. Arithmetic (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division) will naturally occur.