Reflections on horse racing teaching in primary schools in Tian Ji 1 This article is a classic idiom story, in which three characters appear: Sun Bin, Tian Ji and Qi Weiwang. The article describes the story that Sun Bin turned the game into a victory with a seemingly simple but well-thought-out plan, and finally defeated the strong with the weak. The context of the article is clear, mainly describing the different results of the two competitions, focusing on the different expressions, psychological states and languages of the three characters when Sun Bin presented the plan.
The unit goal of this lesson is to let students learn to retell, so I spent a lot of ink on it. In this article, I mainly arranged for students to retell the process of two horse races. Show the table first, let the students know the order of the horses of the two camps in the two races, then let the students tell the results of each race, and then go to the article to find out the reasons for winning or losing the race. After listing all these conditions, let the students watch the animation demonstration and talk about the process, result and reason of the competition at that time. This can be done step by step, so that students who have difficulty in expressing themselves in the class can also talk about it.
In the teaching process of this class, I encountered the following problems:
First, the literacy teaching in the classroom is too simplistic.
In order to ensure the integrity of the learning text or because of the rising grade, the focus of the classroom has changed from simple literacy to interpretation of the text, and the proportion of literacy teaching in the classroom is getting smaller and smaller. In this class, I simply reminded the words "taboo" and "Wei" in the font that should be paid attention to, and there were almost no other aspects, such as writing guidance. I want to say that in this case, it may take longer to teach the understanding of the text, but literacy teaching is the foundation after all. If it is too simplified, I am afraid it will be difficult for students to have a deep memory, and it may also leave students with the impression that they do not pay enough attention to literacy teaching. This is undoubtedly fatal for the underachievers in the class. It is difficult to understand itself, and the foundation is not solid, which can easily lead to "not landing at both ends." Therefore, I think we should strengthen literacy teaching in the classroom wisely and effectively. For example, choose a typical new word for writing guidance in each lesson, or join a game to distinguish similar words.
Second: the article is not focused.
Because the thinking of this lesson is clear, it is not difficult for students to understand the text. If the teacher is still struggling with how to repeat the process of the two competitions in detail many times, it may confuse the students' thinking. In the teaching process of this class, I handled this aspect in a complicated way, and I was obsessed with letting students repeat the competition process, ignoring one of the major difficulties in understanding this class: where did Bin Sun's plan come from and what was wonderful? Because the seemingly understated sentence in the article reflects Sun Bin's keen observation and extraordinary sense of military smell. The word "not much faster" contains the preconditions for Tian Ji's victory, and Sun Bin's careful observation also laid the foundation for the following. When the results of the second race are announced, students can continue to push back: What if the horse is much faster? This is an excellent thinking training, which allows students to give full play to their imagination. It's a pity that I didn't dig deep into this class.
Third, the reading guidance is relatively blunt.
There are many words in this class that express the attitude and psychology of the characters. So I ask students to understand the meaning of these words and then read them aloud. This is understandable, but in this lesson, I neglected an important point, that is, the dialogue between characters. Words such as "doubt", "confidence" and "contempt" all depend on the content of the conversation. Therefore, in the reading guidance of this class, we should use the context to understand the content of the dialogue between characters, so that students can understand their feelings on the spot, and finally, with the understanding of the key words in the prompt, reading will be more immersive.
This teaching is a good exercise opportunity, which makes me see many shortcomings in the teaching process. I still have many aspects to think about in teaching, and I hope I can improve my classroom next time.
Reflection on horse racing teaching in primary schools in Tian Ji The second part "Horse Racing in Tian Ji" is an intensive reading text, which tells the story that Tian Ji and Qi Weiwang, the generals of Qi State, turned defeat into victory with the help of Sun Bin during the Warring States Period. "The writing intention of" Horse Racing in Tian Ji "is to let students learn from it the attitude of careful observation and analysis and the scientific thinking method, and appreciate Sun Bin's resourcefulness.
This class is the second. In the first class, students "read through the text, learn to create new words, understand the main idea of the text, and understand the narrative order of the text".
I set the teaching objectives of this course as follows:
1, can understand the psychological changes of the characters in the text.
2. Understand that the three horses on both sides appear in different orders during the two horse races, and realize Sun Bin's resourcefulness.
Focusing on the teaching objectives, according to the characteristics of vivid horse racing and simple words in this paper, and carrying out the concepts of "student-oriented" and "returning the classroom to students and making the classroom full of vitality", Professor Ye Lan constructed a new concept of classroom teaching from the perspective of the level and dynamic generation of life, holding that the life-oriented classroom teaching is for "the meaning of life" rather than simply "imparting knowledge", emphasizing students' initiative. In the classroom, we should fully tap the potential of students' self-study, create opportunities for students to express themselves, strengthen students' self-awareness, let students ask and experience themselves, grasp the excitement of training, let students practice themselves, broaden the space for thinking and let students think for themselves. In order to make students truly become the protagonists of classroom teaching and let their lives shine in the classroom, in Chinese teaching practice, I practice Professor Ye Lan's new basic education concept and change the role of teachers. Create a harmonious, equal and free classroom atmosphere, stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning, develop students' potential, and enable students to gain new knowledge and life satisfaction through interaction.
For the teaching of this class, I made the design as mentioned above. Now think about the following:
This lesson has the following advantages:
First, use multimedia correctly.
In the teaching design of this class, I present pictures, animations and music on multimedia equipment in time according to the teaching materials and the actual situation of students, which not only enriches the content of the teaching materials, but also helps to improve the enthusiasm of students. Most students can actively participate in learning activities, showing a strong interest in learning and a strong sense of participation, cooperation, competition and efficiency.
Second, group cooperation and independent exploration.
Make a list of free discussion forms and self-study tips, and complete them in groups as required. This teaching method fully embodies the teaching mode of student-centered, cooperative communication and * * * inquiry. Group cooperation provides opportunities for students with solid basic knowledge, quick thinking and strong learning initiative.
Thirdly, the combination of performance and reading has greatly aroused students' enthusiasm for learning and highlighted their dominant position.
Reading aloud is the most important means to learn Chinese. Let students experience and improve with heart and emotion. Section 4- 12 is a dialogue between characters, which has the strongest emotional color and is most suitable for reading and performance of different roles. Properly perform the demeanor, inner activities and movements of the characters after the first competition, and understand the characters' personality and intelligence through such experience and practice, and go deep into the center of the article. The story "Horse Racing in Tian Ji" is very thoughtful, and the best way to learn is to rehearse while telling the story, so as to show the thinking hidden in the story. So, I asked the students to tell the story of two competitions on stage, put the competition more than two thousand years ago in front of me, and arranged the competition lineup, which made the students deeply understand, and the reason was naturally simple and profound.
Fourthly, recommended reading stimulates students' interest in reading.
The new curriculum standard points out: "Cultivate students' extensive reading interest, expand reading scope, increase reading quantity, read more, read well and read well. "The story of winning by wits in this class deeply attracts students. I take this opportunity to recommend other stories to students, who will be eager to read them after class.
Education is the art of regret. This lesson has the following shortcomings:
First, in group cooperation, some students with weak basic knowledge and slow response don't know where to think, where to start and where to start. Some students in the group have poor learning quality and are used to waiting for work; There are still some students who dare not express their opinions and often become blind spots in cooperation. However, teachers often fail to consider all the staff. Those children who love to talk and are willing to express themselves, those children who have the potential to express themselves, show their intentions. In this way, those who can learn more will learn more, and those who participate badly will naturally learn less. As a result, they have formed a "two poles" of learning, and the gap within the class is getting bigger and bigger.
Second, students don't read enough. Although I asked students to read this lesson in groups, it was not shown in class.
Reflection on horse racing teaching in primary school Tian Ji Reading aloud is the most frequent and important thing in Chinese learning. However, reading training must not train young monks to study unintentionally. Students should be interested in reading, try to find out their feelings in reading, and then apply their emotional feelings to audio reading. Every reading has different requirements, different gains, different experiences and improvements. To train students to read the text aloud, we must first find the right training point for reading aloud. Obviously, 4- 12 is the most emotional part of the article "Horse Racing in Tian Ji". Most suitable for reading training.
"Students, reading the text should pay attention to some words that can best reflect the thoughts and feelings of the characters. Everyone reads aloud and circles such words while reading. "
Once, I asked a student to express the words circled just now by reading aloud, so that the listening students could hear them.
I'm afraid this reading is his most attentive one. After reading it, please ask other students to comment, and some say that they should pay attention to the tone of "there is an answer"; Some say that when reading Sun Bin's Shake His Head, you should add an action-shaking your head; Others say that when reading aloud, you should pay attention to the tips ... Let the students practice reading after the evaluation. In this way, students grasp the key words in reading aloud and understand the emotions contained in these words. However, this is not enough. We need to read and express our feelings heartily in reading. How to read it? Competition!
"Please select three students from each group to read Tian Ji, Sun Bin and Qi Weiwang respectively, and the other students read the narrative language of the text. Practice hard and especially remind you how to pronounce the words' Tian Ji, Sun Bin and Qi Weiwang'. " The students left their seats and got together. Some read aloud, and some exchanged views with "Tian Ji, Sun Bin and Qi Weiwang". The scene was very lively and interesting. Interesting. Reading training is easy.
It seems that interest also comes from form. Interesting forms of teaching organization, such as competitions, such as joint study without seats, can make the teaching content more intimate and interesting. ...
Reflections on the teaching of horse racing in Tian Ji in the fourth volume of primary school Chinese I designed the teaching process in this way: introducing the text through games not only mobilized the students' enthusiasm for learning, but also laid the foundation for learning the text. Then, students read the text freely, find out the paragraphs describing the two horse races, and think while reading: How did Tian Ji change the order of horses? Then, I asked one of my classmates to read the paragraph describing the first horse race. The other students thought: What did you read from the first horse race? In order to compare the two horse races conveniently, I asked my classmates to read the paragraph describing the second horse race and discuss it while reading at the same table. Let the students discuss in groups, break through the difficulties and analyze the reasons for winning or losing the horse race. In order to facilitate students to compare with each other, they are invited to operate the courseware on stage. At this time, in the multi-directional interaction between teachers and students, students feel at ease, speak freely, treat each other honestly, entertain and entertain, and achieve good teaching results.
According to the failure of the preliminary round, Sun Bin's contribution, the victory of the rematch and the reasons for winning. I designed this question: What is Sun Bin's plan? What is the reason why Tian Ji can turn defeat into victory? Most students think it is the last sentence of the text: "It is still the original horse. You can turn defeat into victory by changing the order in which horses appear. " In order to prevent the students from talking about Tian Ji's victory, I followed their speeches and continued to ask, what is the reason why Tian Ji can turn defeat into victory? Have you thought about it? Why is it still the same horse that can turn defeat into victory by changing the order of appearance? Is everyone digging into it? Let students learn the text with questions, which can stimulate their interest in exploring questions and their thinking motivation, thus mobilizing their initiative and enthusiasm for learning.
The dialogue between two horses is the focus of teaching. The different expressions, expressions and tones of Tian Ji, Sun Bin and Qi Weiwang aroused students' interest in reading aloud. For this kind of dialogue, I ask students to learn in their own way, which can be role reading, performance and so on. When students read in roles, they immediately asked to play Tian Ji, Sun Bin and Qi Weiwang in the group. Regardless of role reading or performance reading, students' feelings and experiences should be fully respected, so that students can have an equal dialogue on the basis of independence and full understanding of the text, so as to realize their feelings. Training enables students to actively appreciate and appreciate language and characters, accumulate language in the experience of language and characters, cultivate sentiment, realize the understanding of characters' emotions and personality characteristics with expression and language, and let students be influenced by emotions and feel Sun Bin's resourcefulness.
Finally, I designed an extended problem. What should the King of Qi do to win? A stone stirred up a thousand waves, and the classroom became lively again. The students expressed their opinions and fully demonstrated their unique views. As teachers, they just guide students to realize that the level of strategy in the competition is often the key to success or failure.
Reflections on horse racing teaching in Tian Ji
"Horse Racing in Tian Ji" tells the story of Sun Bin, a strategist of Qi during the Warring States Period, who helped Tian Ji outsmart Qi Weiwang in horse racing. The images of the three people are lifelike, lifelike. The text is simple in language and plot, but it is interesting to read and is a good material for training students' thinking.
The focus of this paper's thinking training is to make students understand the thinking of Tian Ji, Qi Weiwang and Sun Bin, among which Sun Bin's thinking reasoning is difficult, so the following methods are adopted in teaching.
First of all, take "competition" as the starting point to cultivate students' broad thinking.
Broad thinking refers to being good at looking at problems comprehensively in the process of thinking, focusing on the relationship between things and finding out the essence of problems. To cultivate the broadness of thinking, we must train them to think comprehensively, guide them to learn to fully understand the relationship between things and analyze problems from many aspects. So in class, I didn't study the text paragraph by paragraph in order, but focused on "competition" and started with the whole text to guide students to understand the content of the text. I ask students to think about why the same horse will have different results in two races on the basis of reading the text. Through full thinking and discussion, students not only know who won and lost the two horse races, but also understand that Tian Ji won the second horse race because he changed the appearance order of horses. So I guide students to contact the whole article and sort out the order of the text. In this way, guiding students to start from the whole and think in many ways is not only conducive to students' comprehensive understanding of the text, but also promotes students' open thinking.
Secondly, grasp key words and train students' thinking depth.
The profundity of thinking refers to being good at discovering the essence and laws of things through superficial phenomena. To cultivate the depth of students' thinking, it is necessary to guide students to think deeply about problems and find a breakthrough to solve them correctly. On the basis of students' preliminary understanding of the text, I guide students to master key words and phrases and cultivate their ability to think about problems according to questions after class. I asked the students to think, "Why can Sun Bin think of changing the order of horses to win the race, but Tian Ji can't?" By reading the text aloud and looking for related words to think, let students understand that Bin Sun's method is the result of careful observation, careful analysis and careful inference by reading aloud and thinking, and then connecting with the text.
Finally, I ask the students to read the blackboard and tell the people in the text what they have to say. Students must have different views and have something to say when they read through the full text. Students must have a sense of the thought-provoking educational significance contained in the text, and their ability has been expanded before they can learn anything.
Chinese teaching is a process of training students to listen, speak, read and write, and it is a process of infiltrating ideological education and developing thinking in listening, speaking, reading and writing training. As teachers, we should actively and systematically train students in Chinese teaching, promote the all-round development of students' Chinese quality and lay a solid foundation for cultivating students' good quality.
Reflections on Tian Ji Horse Racing Teaching in Primary School Chinese 5. The integrated teaching of modern educational information technology and Chinese, the most basic subject, is extremely important in the current situation of rapid development of information technology, increasingly modernized education and higher and higher quality standards and requirements of people. The integrated teaching of information technology and middle school Chinese is an information technology with network technology and multimedia technology as the core. It is naturally and appropriately integrated into middle school Chinese teaching activities and applied to classroom teaching and extracurricular learning, thus improving students' learning ability, optimizing learning methods and cultivating students' innovative spirit, which has a great impact on the new orientation of teacher-student relationship and the new relationship between classroom and extracurricular in middle school Chinese teaching.
In view of this, I take the extracurricular classical Chinese "Tian Ji Horse Racing" as an example to discuss the integration and cooperation between information technology and Chinese subject under the network environment.
First, briefly introduce the courseware of horse racing in Tian Ji.
1. Tian Ji horse racing courseware description:
① Production platform: flash
(2) The purpose of production: to make the content of the text visual and interesting, to expand students' knowledge, and to train students' hands-on, brain and self-study abilities. Courseware is not only suitable for students' self-study and experiment, but also suitable for teachers' teaching needs, allowing students to study freely and teachers to facilitate teaching.
(3) The main contents of the courseware are: learning objectives, thinking about problems, expanding exercises, two demonstrations of horse racing process, and questioning columns.
Operation form: This course is based on the web platform, and teachers and students who know general skills can easily operate the courseware.
2. Teaching guidance of "Tian Ji Horse Racing" course under the network environment;
① Teaching purpose: Through learning, let students know the course and reasons of the two horse races between Qi Weiwang and Tian Ji, make students realize the importance of thinking carefully, and cultivate students' courage to turn defeat into victory in failure.
② Main teaching methods: task-driven method, autonomous learning method, cooperative learning method and lecture method.
③ Teaching means: through network teaching.
Second, thinking about the integration value of information technology and Chinese subject under the network environment.
1, which effectively stimulated students' positive learning motivation.
Through courseware, the past, traditional and static book teaching materials are transformed into dynamic teaching materials composed of sounds, characters, images and videos, which enriches and expands the knowledge of books and creates vivid and rich scenes for students. Entering the home page of Tian Ji Horse Racing, I saw the horse racing scenes in Qi Weiwang and Tian Ji, accompanied by classical pipa music, which made the students feel immersive. According to the teacher's question, students can see the different results of the two kinds of horse racing by doing horse racing experiments. The lifelike horse racing and A?vagho?a make students feel interesting and effectively stimulate their learning motivation.
2. Cultivate students' innovative spirit.
Innovative spirit is a comprehensive, positive, stable and creative psychological quality, the fundamental driving force and soul for the continuous growth and development of people's creativity, and an important task for Chinese education and teaching in primary schools. Traditional classroom teaching is powerless to cultivate students' innovative spirit, and the integrated teaching of information technology and Chinese subject under the network environment is the most solid and effective method to cultivate students' innovative spirit. As mentioned above, the application of courseware stimulates students' emotional input, so that students can really blend in with music, words and images, and pour their true feelings into the situation, generating sparks of innovation, thus cultivating students' innovative spirit.
3. Make teaching personalized, learning independent and activities cooperative.
Using the network for teaching, students can raise their hands electronically when they find problems in the process of autonomous learning, and teachers can conduct individual counseling and communication with students who raise their hands electronically through screen monitoring. At the same time, online teaching can also let students communicate and discuss with each other wholeheartedly. For example, the "Question Bar" in the courseware of "Tian Ji Horse Racing" is designed for this purpose. Let's learn from each other's strengths, learn from each other's strengths, form a three-dimensional interactive learning among man-machine, students, teachers and students, and give full play to the leading role of teachers and students.
Cooperative learning is the development direction of international education at present. Information technology plays an important role in supporting cooperative learning. For experiments, questions and questions, students can freely combine and solve them in groups. For example, what did you learn from Tian Ji horse racing? This question makes students think boldly and write a review with word cooperation, which fully embodies the learning method of group cooperation and is very important for cultivating students' collectivism concept and spirit of unity and cooperation.
4. Let the Chinese class become a real Chinese class.
A very important point in the modern educational concept is that the classroom is not a learning space isolated from the real world, but should be integrated into real life. Chinese is most closely related to life, and expressing and communicating with language is the basic demand of human life. However, our traditional Chinese teaching often carries out overhead skill training, and students lack the desire to express and communicate. Under the network teaching environment, students must express and exchange their thoughts through language and learn Chinese in the use of language, which is the most important significance of the integration of information technology and Chinese subject.
It has been several days since I finished this class, but the children will never forget me when they see me. When they meet me, they always say, "teacher, I want to play horse racing with you." This also makes me more proud of my teaching. Looking back now, I think my most successful place is mainly to grasp the children's psychology of "fun" and "competitive"
At the beginning of the class, I vividly told the children the story of horse racing in Tian Ji, which was embellished with fierce horse racing scenes. Children's emotions are quickly "ignited" and their interest in learning is stimulated. Next, I saw some children eager to move, and some even seemed to whisper the way to win. And I don't really want to say the way to win so soon. So, I dared, "I will see today, which clever boy can find out all the winning methods in Tian Ji. I will definitely reward him. " Then, give the child a form, and the child will soon participate in the inquiry process. That kind of serious energy is only available when you are breastfeeding. The whole classroom was silent, and no one was discussing it, because they all wanted to make achievements by themselves. I really feel comfortable with the way children think.
After about five minutes, I think it's almost time, but the children are still not satisfied and think they haven't all found it yet. In fact, I found that many children have found a way. At this time, I asked them to give a "method demonstration". The children spoke freely and even analyzed the order in which the King of Qi went out. In this way, the original abstract concept-"countermeasures", children actually understand so clearly. Later, I took the opportunity to move out of the "optimal strategy" and the children soon understood it.
If the class were here, some children would be confused. So, in order to make them more enjoyable, I moved the "skipping competition" and "playing cards" into the classroom. By asking: how to fight to win? Let students experience the sense of success in solving simple problems in life by mathematical methods. For example, by telling the application of Tian Ji's strategy in life, students can understand the application value of game theory in life and feel the close connection between mathematics and life.
The game is over, so is our class. Children enjoy success in a pleasant atmosphere, experience game strategies and feel the mathematical thinking method of operation.
After class, I remembered a sentence by mathematician Zhang Dianzhou: "Mathematical thinking is natural and peaceful. We can't turn vivid mathematical thinking into a bunch of symbols for students to remember, and let beautiful mathematics drown in the formalized ocean. " To give full play to the role of "mathematical wide angle" in infiltrating mathematical thinking methods, it is necessary to study teaching materials in depth, grasp children's hearts, and let children enjoy success and happiness in mathematics.
Infiltrating an idea is valuable and meaningful even if you lose.