A: Normative reference measurement and evaluation.
meaning
According to the processing methods of teaching evaluation data, there are norm reference evaluation and standard reference evaluation. Normative reference evaluation refers to reporting the evaluation results according to their relative position (or ranking) in the group with the average score of the students as the reference standard (norm).
For example, a student scored 80 points in a math test. Compared with the percentile norm, it is found that the percentile score of this student is 85, which means that this student is better than other 85% students.
trait
The norm reference evaluation uses a relative viewpoint to explain students' academic performance, focusing on the comparison between students and comparing their learning differences, which is mainly used for selection (such as entrance examination) or grouping courses.
Extended data
Potential reference measurement and evaluation
Self-potential reference standard: unconscious potential refers to personal cultural values, experience and knowledge as the basis for decision-making. Closely related to the reference standard of self-potential is ethnocentrism, that is, thinking that one's own culture and company know best what to do.
Generally speaking, ethnocentrism may occur when managers from rich countries work in the markets of relatively poor countries or get along with managers there. Self-potential reference standards and ethnocentrism have the ability to truly evaluate foreign markets.
Standard reference measurement and evaluation
Standard reference assessment, also known as reference assessment, is a method to compare and measure performance. It refers to comparing the similarities and differences between two or more projects with a unified standard, or judging their quality. Standard reference evaluation can usually be traced back to the evaluation of goods or services.
Although they are technically different, the standard reference platforms all have the same purpose, that is, to provide accurate conclusions by comparing the similarities and differences between the two projects. Standard reference evaluation can be used to evaluate various documents and services. Some institutions, such as the National Audit Office or the Judicial Bureau, can use the standard reference assessment method to review certain administrative or judicial actions of the government or private industry.
Similarly, large employers can also use standard reference assessment to review employees' behaviors to ensure that the duties handled by independent employees can be completed according to the company's requirements.