Estimation is a common calculation method in daily life. Some problems only need to know the approximate results, and some are difficult to calculate the accurate results, so we need to use estimation methods to help us solve the problems. In primary school mathematics teaching, estimation is paid more and more attention by teachers and students, and it is favored even more in the big teaching environment of advocating "useful mathematics". Then enhancing students' estimation consciousness and letting primary school students master some simple estimation methods is of positive significance to help students learn to use mathematical thinking mode to observe and analyze the real society and solve problems in daily life, so as to cultivate their sense of numbers and their sense of mathematical application. "New Mathematics Curriculum Standard" points out: "Estimation is widely used in daily life. In teaching, teachers should seize the opportunity to cultivate students' estimation consciousness and preliminary estimation skills. "So how to cultivate students' estimation consciousness in primary school mathematics? Now I will talk about my superficial understanding based on my teaching practice for more than ten years. 1 Close to life and feel the value of estimation. Traditional teaching has always attached great importance to the accuracy and proficiency of students' written calculations, and students lack the awareness and methods of estimation. But in daily life, it is precisely the estimation that is more widely used and more practical than the written calculation. In order to strengthen students' estimation consciousness and cultivate students' estimation ability, we must first change students' attitude towards estimation in specific situations and correctly understand and experience the value of estimation, so as to change "unwilling to estimate" into "like to estimate".