Archimedes was a great mathematician and mechanic in ancient Greece. Archimedes studied with Euclid's students in Alexandria, the cultural center at that time. There is no detailed record about his life, but many stories about him are widely circulated. He established the law of leverage and said, "Give me a fulcrum and I can move the earth"; Archimedes principle, the basic principle of hydrostatics, was discovered and used to identify crowns. Many war machines are designed to resist enemy attacks ... Maxwell's greatest contribution in physics is to establish a unified classical electromagnetic field theory and photoelectric electromagnetic theory, and predict the existence of electromagnetic waves. This theory was predicted and fully confirmed by experiments. Maxwell also made important contributions to electromagnetic experiments. He established a strict experimental verification theory and repeated Cavendish's experiment, which improved the experimental accuracy by three orders of magnitude. His verification theory became the basis for later generations to accurately verify the electrostatic force inverse square law. In addition, he also invented the Maxwell bridge. 3. Maxwell's contribution to molecular dynamics theory is also indelible. He derived Maxwell's law of velocity distribution of molecular motion by mathematical statistics. He also studied Saturn's rings and vision theory, and founded quantitative colorimetry. Maxwell (James Clark Max WEL1831~1879), British physicist, 5. Li Shizhen is one of the scientists who have made the greatest contribution to mankind in the world. Compendium of Materia Medica is known as "Oriental Pharmacopoeia". 6. Planck is a German theoretical physicist and the founder of quantum theory. Mendeleev invented the periodic table of elements. Euclid: Euclid's Elements of Geometry contains 23 definitions, 5 axioms and 5 postulates, from which 48 propositions are derived (Volume I). Pythagoras: Pythagoras Theorem-Pythagoras Theorem Descartes: Descartes' most outstanding achievement in the development of mathematics is the creation of analytic geometry. In Descartes' time, algebra was still a relatively new discipline, and geometric thinking still dominated the minds of mathematicians. Descartes devoted himself to studying the connection between algebra and geometry. 1637, after establishing the coordinate system, he successfully established analytic geometry. His achievements laid the foundation for the creation of calculus. Analytic geometry is still one of the important mathematical methods. 1, Lin (1901—1983), a famous gynecologist. People from Xiamen, Fujian. 1929 graduated from xiehe medical college with a doctor's degree and was employed as a gynecologist of xiehe medical college. Later, he served as director and professor of obstetrics and gynecology. 1932 and 1940 went abroad twice and studied at London Medical College, Manchester Medical College and University of Chicago Medical College. After returning to China, he served as director and professor of obstetrics and gynecology in Union Medical College Hospital and Friendship Hospital, vice president of China Academy of Medical Sciences, honorary president of Beijing Maternity Hospital and vice chairman of All-China Women's Federation. She is the first female academician of China Academy of Sciences. 2. Yuzhe Zhang is a famous astronomer. Fujian Minhou people. 19 19 was admitted to Tsinghua University. 1923 studying in the United States. 1928 received a doctorate from the University of Chicago. In the same year, he returned to China and served as a special researcher and director of the Institute of Astronomy of Academia Sinica. 1946 went to the United States again to engage in astronomical research activities. 1948 returned to China. Director of Purple Mountain Observatory of China Academy of Sciences, member of Department of Mathematics and Physics of China Academy of Sciences, and chairman of Chinese Astronomical Society. 3. Hou (1890—— 1974), a famous chemist. Fujian Minhou people. 19 13 to study in the United States. He studied chemistry at MIT, Pratt Institute and Columbia University. 1920 received a doctorate in chemical engineering from Columbia University. 192 1 returned to China, and served as chief engineer of Tanggu Li Yong Alkali Plant, director of Nanjing Li Yong Ammonium Sulfate Plant and general manager of Li Yong Chemical Company. After the founding of New China, he served as consultant of Chemical Bureau of Ministry of Industry, vice minister of chemical industry, vice chairman of Chinese Chemical Society, member of technical department of China Academy of Sciences and vice chairman of National Association for Science and Technology. He is an honorary member of American Society of Mechanical Engineers, American Chemical Society and Royal Society. 4. Ding Ying (1888—— 1964), a famous agricultural scientist and rice expert. Maoming, Guangdong. 19 12 graduated from Guangdong Normal University. 19 13 went to Japan to study agriculture. 1924 returned to China and worked as a professor at the Agricultural College of Sun Yat-sen University. After the founding of New China, he served as the president of South China Agricultural College, the vice chairman of the National Association for Science and Technology, and the president of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences. He is a member of the Biology Department of China Academy of Sciences, and was awarded the titles of Communication Fellow of the Democratic German Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Communication Fellow of Lenin Academy of Agricultural Sciences of the Soviet Union. 5. Xiong Qinglai (1893—— 1969), a native of Maitreya, Yunnan. 1906 was admitted to Yunnan Higher Education College. 19 13 went to Belgium to study, and then went to France. He studied at the University of Grenoble, the University of Paris, the University of Montpellier, and the University of Marseille, and 1920 received a master's degree in science. 193 1 year, he went to France again, and obtained his doctor of science degree in France with his academic paper "Meromorphic Implication on Integral Implication and Infinite Extremum". He used to be the president of Yunnan University and a researcher at the Institute of Mathematics of China Academy of Sciences. He founded the Mathematics Department of Southeast University and Tsinghua University, introduced modern algebra to China at the earliest, and devoted himself to the study of integral culvert, meromorphic culvert and algebraic culvert, which made important contributions to the development of mathematics in China. The infinite pole defined by him is called "Xiong's infinite pole" (also known as Xiong's theorem) by the international mathematics community. Tang (1897—— 1958) was born in Liling, Hunan. 192 1 Graduated from Xiangya Medical College with a doctor of medicine. 1925 went to Harvard medical school for further study. After returning to China, he successively served as a professor at the Medical College of Shanghai Central University, the head of the Department of Bacteriology of Shanghai Leicester Institute, and a professor at Shanghai Medical College. 1943, he manufactured the first batch of penicillin in China with simple equipment designed by himself. He is the founder of the first antibiotic laboratory and penicillin production workshop, the first experimental animal farm and the first regular BCG laboratory in China. 1948, elected as a permanent member of the 7th International Society of Microbiology. He used to be the director of the Central Institute of Biological Products of the Ministry of Health and the chairman of the National Society of Microbiology. 1956, trachoma virus was isolated for the first time in the world, and it was called "Down virus" by the world microbial community. 7. Zhang (1897—— 1987), a native of Changsha, Hunan. 192 1 graduated with honors from Xiangya Medical College. He used to be president of Hunan Xiangya Medical College, professor of internal medicine of Union Medical College Hospital, vice president of China Medical University, vice president of China Academy of Medical Sciences, academician of China Academy of Sciences and member of the Standing Committee of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. He has been engaged in internal medicine teaching and scientific research for a long time and is the founder of gastroenterology in China. He has treated many intractable diseases in his life. 8. Liang Sicheng (1901—1972), born in Xinhui, Guangdong, is the eldest son of Liang Qichao. 65438-0924 entered the Department of Architecture of the University of Pennsylvania, USA, and obtained a master's degree in architecture and a bachelor's degree in fine arts. He designed the United Nations building on behalf of China and was awarded an honorary doctorate by Princeton University. He used to be deputy director of Beijing Planning Commission, vice chairman of China Architecture Society and chairman of Beijing Civil Engineering Society. He founded Northeastern University and Tsinghua University Department of Architecture, and has been engaged in the education and research of architectural history in China for a long time. He has participated in the design of the national emblem, the monument to the people's heroes, and the top ten buildings in Beijing. The English version of "Architectural History of Image China" written by him won the title of "Best Publication in America".