Pythagoras, ancient Greek mathematician and philosopher
3. Anaxagoras, an ancient Greek mathematician and astronomer
4. Ancient Greek mathematician Euclid
5. Ancient Greek mathematician tallis.
6. Ancient Greek mathematician Eudoxus
7. Zhi Nuo, an ancient Greek mathematician and philosopher [once belonged to the Gotha Wallace School].
8. Ancient Greek mathematician Thales
9. Diophantine, an ancient Greek mathematician
10, ancient Greek mathematician Kepler
1 1. Thales, the first mathematician and philosopher in ancient Greece, was the founder of the Ionian school, the earliest philosophical school in Greece.
12, ancient Greek mathematician Proch.
13, Ptolemy, an ancient Greek astronomer, geographer and mathematician
14, ancient Greek mathematician Eratosthenes.
15, ancient Greek mathematician Pappus.
16, Plato, a famous philosopher, mathematician and educator in ancient Greece.
17, ancient Greek mathematician Pepos
18, Diophantine, an ancient Greek mathematician
19, Archimedes, a great mathematician and mechanic in ancient Greece.
Here are five people in detail:
1, Archimedes
Archimedes (287 BC-2 BC12), a great philosopher, encyclopedic scientist, mathematician, physicist and mechanic in ancient Greece, was the founder of statics and hydrostatics and enjoyed the reputation of "the father of mechanics". Archimedes, Gauss and Newton are listed as the three greatest mathematicians in the world.
Archimedes once said, "Give me a fulcrum and I can pry up the whole earth.
Archimedes established the basic principles of statics and hydrostatics.
Several methods for finding the center of gravity of geometric figures are given, including the center of gravity of the figure surrounded by parabola and its parallel chords.
In 267 BC, when Archimedes was eleven years old, Archimedes was sent to Alexandria by his father to study with Euclid's students erato Sese and Canon.
Archimedes studied in Alexandria with many famous mathematicians, including the famous geometry master Euclid. Archimedes studied and lived here for many years. He absorbed the excellent cultural heritage of the East and ancient Greece, which had a great influence on his later scientific career and laid the foundation for Archimedes to engage in scientific research in the future.
Calculus is contained in Archimedes' mathematical thought, and Archimedes' methodology has been "very close to modern calculus". There is a profound study of infinity in mathematics, and what runs through the whole article is how to apply mathematical models in physics.
What he lacks is the concept of no limit, but the essence of his thought extends to the field of infinitesimal analysis, which tends to be mature in the17th century, and predicts the birth of calculus.
Archimedes effectively used Euclid's approximation concept.
He used "approximation method" to calculate sphere area, sphere volume, parabola and ellipse area, and later mathematicians developed it into modern calculus based on this "approximation method".
Archimedes also found that the value of π is between 3. 14 163 and 3. 14286 by secant circle method.
In addition, he also calculated that the surface area of a sphere is four times that of its largest inscribed circle, and deduced that the volume of a sphere inscribed in a cylinder is two-thirds of that of a cylinder, and this theorem was engraved on his tombstone.
2.Thales
Thales, an ancient Greek thinker, scientist and philosopher, was born in Mile, the capital of Ionia. He founded the earliest school of philosophy in ancient Greece and was the founder of Miletus School (also known as Ionian School).
One of the seven sages of Greece, the first thinker with a name in the history of western thought, was called "? The father of science and philosophy ".
Thales was the first natural scientist and philosopher in ancient Greece and the West.
Thales' students include anaximander and Anaximenes.
He was the first to ask, "What is the origin of the world?" This philosopher who initiated the "ontological turn" in the history of philosophy was called "one of the seven sages of Greece" and "the ancestor of philosophy and science" by later generations, and was recognized as "the first person in the history of philosophy" by academic circles.
Thales' thought influenced philosophers such as Heraclitus.
Thales' epoch-making contribution in mathematics is to put forward the idea of proposition proof.
It marks that people's understanding of objective things has risen from experience to theory, which is an unusual leap in the history of mathematics.
The significance of introducing logical proof in mathematics lies in: ensuring the correctness of propositions; Reveal the internal relationship between theorems, make mathematics form a strict system and lay the foundation for further development; Make mathematical propositions fully convincing and persuasive.
3.pythagoras
Pythagoras (about 580 BC ~ about 500 BC (490 BC)) was an ancient Greek mathematician and philosopher.
Pythagoras was born in a noble family on Samos Island (an island in eastern Greece today) in the Aegean Sea. He was smart and studious since childhood, and studied geometry, natural science and philosophy with famous teachers.
Because I yearned for the wisdom of the East, I traveled to Babylon and India, two ancient civilizations with high cultural standards, and Egypt (controversial) at that time, and absorbed the cultures of Mesopotamia and India (480 BC).
Later, he went to southern Italy to teach mathematics, publicize his philosophical thoughts, and formed a political and religious group with his followers, called Pythagoras School.
Pythagoras school is the first school to put the concept of number in a prominent position.
They attach great importance to mathematics and try to explain everything with numbers.
It is claimed that number is the origin of all things in the universe, and the purpose of studying mathematics is not to use it but to explore the mysteries of nature.
They abstract the number five from five apples, five fingers and so on.
This is a common thing today, but it was a great progress in philosophy and practical mathematics at that time.
In practical mathematics, it makes arithmetic possible.
Philosophically, this discovery makes people believe that numbers are the foundation of the material world.
4. Pythagorean Theorem-Pythagorean Theorem
Pythagoras himself is famous for discovering Pythagoras theorem (called Pythagoras theorem in the west).
This theorem has long been known to the Babylonians (in ancient China, it was a dialogue between Shang Yang and Zhou Gong in the mathematical book "The Classic of Parallel Calculation", which was written from the 2nd century BC to 1 century BC.
Shang Gao said: "... so fold the moment, tick three, fix four, and cross the corner five."
"Quotient height means that when the two right-angled sides of a right-angled triangle are 3 (short side) and 4 (long side) respectively, the radius angle (that is, the chord) is 5.
In the future, people will simply describe this fact as "hooking three strands, four strings and five".
This is China's famous Pythagorean theorem.
), but the earliest proof can probably be attributed to Pythagoras.
He proved by deduction that the square of the hypotenuse of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the squares of two right angles, that is, Pythagorean Theorem.
5. Euclid
Euclid (330- 275 BC) was an ancient Greek mathematician.
He was active in Alexandria during the period of Ptolemy I Soter (364 BC-283 BC) and was called "the father of geometry". His most famous book, The Elements of Geometry, is the foundation of European mathematics, and puts forward five postulates, Euclidean Geometry, which is widely regarded as the most successful textbook in history.
Euclid also wrote some works about perspective, conic curve, spherical geometry and number theory.
Euclid was a famous mathematician in ancient Greece and the pioneer of Euclid geometry.
Euclid was born in Athens, which was the center of ancient Greek civilization.
The rich cultural atmosphere deeply infected Euclid. When he was a teenager, he couldn't wait to enter Plato College.
Euclid also explored the perfect number in the Elements of Geometry.
He passed? 2^(n- 1) (2^n- 1)？ The expression of finding the first four perfect numbers.
What time? n= 2: 2^ 1(2^2- 1) = 6？ What time? n= 3: 2^2(2^3- 1) = 28？ When n = 5: 2 4 (2 5-1) = 496? What time? n = 7:2^6(2^7- 1)= 8 128？ Even number is perfect if and only if it has the following form: 2 (n- 1). (2 n- 1), the sufficiency of this fact was proved by Euclid, and the necessity was proved by Euler.
Where 2 (n)- 1 is a prime number, and the above 6 and 28 correspond to the case where n=2 and 3.
All we have to do is find someone who looks like 2 (n)- 1? Prime numbers (i.e. mersenne prime) also know an even perfect number.
In the era of hand calculation, mersenne prime can make people calculate the perfect number more conveniently, and it has been widely used in the computer age, and the CPU of the computer can calculate various numbers more conveniently.