2. isaac newton and Britain
The greatest and most influential scientist. He invented integral, and Newton's most important discovery was in mechanics-Newton's law.
-3. Charterberg
Religious prophet. He unified a rambling Bo people and brought them a great religion.
-4. Sakyamuni India
Gautama Siddharta is the son of King Kapilafu and the founder of Buddhism, one of the major religions in the world.
5. Kong Zi, China
China's greatest philosopher. His philosophy is based on the morality of life, and educates and manages people's thoughts with moral models, which runs through China people's life and culture for two thousand years.
-6. Sao Paulo/Rome, Turkey
The most important pioneer in developing new teaching. Among all religious writers and thinkers, his influence on teaching theology can be said to be decisive, and it still exists through the ages.
7. China, Cai Lun
Before the 2nd century, China's culture was not as advanced as that of the West, but after the invention of paper, China's achievements surpassed those of the West. The papermaking technology he used is basically still in use today.
-8. Johann Gutenberg Germany
The printing machine that invented movable type printing.
-9. Albert Einstein Germany/USA
The greatest scientist in the 20th century is always a genius in the ranks of wisdom, and his theory of relativity is the most famous.
-10. Karl Germany
The main founder of "science".
-1 1 Christopher Columbus Italy
I came across America when I was looking for the way to the west from western Europe to Asia. His discovery was a major turning point in history, opening a new world and a new era of colonization.
-12. Louis pasteur
French chemist and biologist; As a leading figure in medical history, he is famous for advocating the theory of disease bacteria and inventing vaccination methods.
-13. Galileo, Italy
Great Italian scientist. His important contributions lie in his scientific discoveries, laws of inertia, telescopes, astronomical observations and his talent for establishing the Copernican hypothesis.
-14. Aristotle Macedonia
The greatest philosopher and scientist in ancient times, he founded formal logic and enriched almost every field of philosophy. He is the founder of this important branch of philosophy.
-15. Lenin and the Soviet Union/
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov is the main leader of the establishment. He established socialism with practical actions.
-16. Moses Middle East
The Jewish prophet Moses was widely loved. He has three great achievements: first, he is the leader who led the Hebrews out of Egypt mentioned in Exodus. Second, he is a famous author of the five-volume Bible. Third, the founder of Jewish monotheism.
-17. Charles Darwin England
Founder of the theory of biological evolution by natural selection. Natural selection is indeed a very broad principle, and people try to apply it to many other fields.
-18. Qin Shihuang China
A great emperor of China unified China by force and carried out a series of reforms with wide influence. These reforms are the main factors for China to maintain cultural unity.
-19. Augustus Caesar Ancient Rome
Founder of the Roman Empire. He ended the civil war that plunged Rome into chaos in 1 century BC and re-established Rome, so his country experienced a period of peace and prosperity for two centuries.
20.China
The unifier and founder of modern China. He ended the fragmented situation of modern China and deeply unified China from the aspects of culture, administrative system and thought. His military art and revolutionary war are comparable to those of Alexander and Napoleon, and his influence on China is greater than that of Washington on the United States. His peaceful movement influenced every family in China at that time.
-2 1. Euclid Greece
The great Greek mathematician. He wrote The Elements of Geometry.
22. Martin Luther Germany
He firmly believed in the Roman Catholic Church and initiated the Reformation.
-Mikolaj Copernic and Poland
The great astronomer. Copernicus solved the mathematical problems of conjecturing the sun and the heart one by one and turned it into a useful scientific theory. His theory of celestial movement is the starting point of contemporary astronomy.
-24. james watt UK
The inventor of the steam engine was a key figure in the industrial revolution. The importance of the steam engine cannot be overestimated. It plays a key role. Without it, the industrial revolution would be beyond recognition.
-25. Genghis Khan China/Mongolia
The great Mongolian conqueror. Genghis Khan is one of the real driving forces in human history. He built the largest empire in the world and launched the biggest war in human history. He is the richest man in the world for thousands of years.
-26. Constantine the Great Rome/Yugoslavia
Rome's first religious emperor. With his encouragement, the power and influence of religion have developed and expanded rapidly. In less than a year, in the largest empire on earth, Christianity has changed from a minority religion to a dominant legal religion.
-27. George Washington USA
First of all, he was a successful military leader in the American war. Secondly, Washington is the chairman of the Constitutional Convention. Third, Washington was the first president of the United States.
-28. michael faraday UK
The law of electromagnetic induction is one of his greatest contributions.
-29. james clark Maxwell British Company
A great British physicist, he is famous for listing quaternion equations that express the basic laws of electromagnetism.
-30. Orville Wright and wilbur wright USA
The main credit for inventing the airplane belongs to the Wright brothers. Their talents have made the human dream come true for generations.
-3 1. Antoine Laurent lavoisier
This great French scientist is the most important person in the history of chemical development. People call him the father of chemistry.
-32. sigmund freud Austria/Czechoslovakia
The founder of psychiatry.
-33. Alexandria Ancient Macedonia
King of ancient Macedonia, a famous strategist and strategist in the ancient history of the world.
-34. Napoléon Bonaparte
The famous French general and emperor.
35.Germany
His influence is almost completely vicious and harmful, and his main function is to kill about 35 million people.
-36. william shakespeare and Britain
Great English playwright and poet.
-37. Adam Smith Britain
The main founder of economics. 1998 published the masterpiece "Study on the Essence and Causes of National Prosperity".
38. Thomas Alva Edison, USA
The king of inventions, he has 1000 kinds of inventions.
-39. Antoni van Leeuwenhoek and Netherlands
The discoverer of microorganisms.
-40. Plato Ancient Greece
One of the greatest philosophers and thinkers in the whole western philosophy and even the whole western culture.
-4 1. Limor Marconi
Radio inventor.
-42. Ludwig von Beethoven Germany
The greatest composer in the world.
-43. Werner Karl Heisenberg.
The most important achievement-quantum mechanics.
-44. Alexander Graham Bell UK
Inventor.
-45. alexander fleming and Britain
Inventor of penicillin.
-46. Simon Bolivarian Venezuela
Because of his role in liberating five South American countries from Spanish rule, people often call him "George Washington of South America".
-47. oliver cromwell and Britain
He led the parliamentary army to a great victory in the English Civil War, and was an outstanding and all-round military general.
-48. John Locke UK
A famous British philosopher, the first writer who comprehensively and systematically expounded the basic ideas.
-49. Ancient Rome/UrbanⅡ.
As the emperor of Rome, he launched a religious war, retaken the holy land from him and started the Crusade.
-50. Omar Sober
The second caliph of Christianity. After that, he was the main figure in spreading religion.
-5 1. Emperor China
He respected Confucianism alone, launched the anti-Xiongnu war, opened up the famous Silk Road, and developed economic and cultural exchanges between China and the West. His great talent and literary talent made the Han Dynasty the most powerful country in the world at that time, and his country is the name of more than one billion Han people today! In the long history of more than 3,000 years in China, there are only two emperors-Hanwu and Kangxi.
-52. Augustine Ancient Rome
He lived in the era of the decline of the Roman Empire and was the greatest theologian at that time. His works had a far-reaching influence on the teaching theories and viewpoints throughout the Middle Ages.
-53. Max Planck of Germany
1996, he put forward a bold hypothesis in Germany, which made a blockbuster in the scientific community. He is the father of quantum mechanics.
-54. Ahsoka, India
The most important king in Indian history. He was the third monarch of the Peacock Dynasty. He accepted Buddhism as his religious philosophy and tried to practice Buddhist norms, including honesty, kindness and injustice.
-55. John Calvin
A famous Protestant theologian and moralist.
56. William thomas green Morton USA
He is a leading figure in introducing anesthesia into surgery and innovating delivery technology.
-57. william harvey and Britain
A great British doctor who invented blood circulation and heart function.
-58. Anthony henry beck Ryle
Inventor of radiation.
-Mendel gregor Austria/Czechoslovakia
Mendel found that all living things have basic units, which are called genes today.
-60. Britain
The surgeon who invented and popularized surgical disinfection technology was the first person to perform surgical disinfection.
-6 1. August Otto, Kauros.
French inventor, who produced the first four-stroke internal combustion engine in 2006, that is to say, hundreds of millions of prototypes of four-stroke internal combustion engines have been produced so far.
-62. Louis Jacques Mondi Daguerre
In the late 1930s, practical photography was first successfully invented.
-63. Michelangelo Buonarroti
A great artist of the Renaissance. Michelangelo was a talented painter, sculptor and architect, who left different styles of works handed down from generation to generation. Michelangelo was also an original architect. Designed the Medici Church in Florence.
-.Stalin, former Soviet Union/
Formerly known as Joseph Vissarionovich Jugashvili. As a politician, Stalin ruled the Soviet Union for nearly a quarter of a century, so he had a great influence on many people's lives. He is also one of the giants in history-a cruel genius who will not be forgotten soon.
-65. Descartes France
A famous French philosopher, scientist and mathematician. Descartes has at least five major influences: ① mechanical cosmology; ② Positive attitude towards scientific research; ③ Emphasize the application of mathematics in science; ④ Early advocating skepticism; ⑤ Attach importance to epistemology.
66. john von neumann and the United States
Hungarian-American. Neumann's Draft Report on EDAC clearly established that the new machine consists of five parts: arithmetic unit, logic control device, memory and input and output device, and described the functions and relationships of these five parts, which set a milestone for computer design. It announced to the world the beginning of the era of electronic computers.
67. Spanish in Isabella I
She is the queen who sponsored Christopher Columbus to cross the Atlantic. In fact, she is an energetic and talented monarch.
-William I
William, Duke of Normandy, led thousands of troops across the English Channel in 1820 and won the British crown.
Thomas Jefferson, USA
The third president of the United States and the drafter of the Declaration. Known as "the outstanding spokesman of mankind"
-70. Jean Jacques Russo Switzerland
A famous philosopher. Rousseau's works are an important factor in the rise of nationalism, romanticism, totalitarianism and anti-rationalism, which also cleared the way for the French Revolution and made great contributions to the ideals of modernity and equality.
-7 1. edward jenner UK
Invented by British medical experts. He popularized a method to prevent the terrible smallpox-vaccination.
-72. wilhelm konrad rontgen
Now all the honors of X-ray should be attributed to Roentgen.
-73. Johann Sebastian Germany
Great composer. He is a pioneer in successfully integrating the musical styles of different nationalities in Western Europe. He extracted the essence of Italian, French and German traditional music, and his music was wonderful, perfect and flawless.
-74. Lao Zi China
Among China's voluminous books, there is a thin paper, which may have the most translators and readers abroad. This book is called Tao Te Ching. It is the main explanation of Taoist philosophy. Apart from Confucius, there is no other philosopher in China who has exerted such a wide and lasting influence on human thought as Laozi.
75. franklin roosevelt, USA
The 34th President of the United States is the only person who has been re-elected for four terms in American history. He is a representative of physical disability and determination, and is respected by the world. At the end of the same year, the United States officially participated in the Second World War and helped end the most influential war in human history. Roosevelt put forward the idea of establishment and put it into practice. He led the United States out of economic difficulties and changed the American way of life.
-76. Elizabeth I Britain
The most outstanding emperor in English history. Her main achievements can be summarized as follows: First, she led Britain through the second stage of the religious reform without serious bloodshed. Secondly, her 45 years in power was the golden age of a great country in the world. Third, during her administration, Britain developed into a big country and maintained this place for hundreds of years.
77. Enrico Fermi
The designer of the first nuclear reactor. The main contribution lies in his important role in inventing nuclear reactors.
-78. thomas robert malthus UK
His book Population Theory holds that the population has a geometric growth trend, while the food supply has only an arithmetic growth trend. The extreme importance of overpopulation was emphasized for the first time, which attracted the attention of intellectuals.
-79. Francis Bacon and Britain
Although Francis Bacon was a leading economist for many years, he was included in this book only because of his philosophical works. These works show that he is a pioneer of the new era of science: the first great philosopher who realized that science and technology can change the world, and a strong advocate of scientific investigation.
-80. Thomas Aquinas Italy
Philosopher and theologian of medieval scholasticism. One of the earliest advocates of natural theology, the founder of Thomas school of philosophy, his most famous work is Encyclopedia of Theology, which has become an important basis for studying philosophy since Catholicism.
-8 1. Voltaire France
Francois Marie Arouet, better known by his pen name Voltaire, was an important figure in the French Enlightenment. He has a lot of knowledge, including 100 poets, playwrights, essayists, novelists, historians and philosophers. He is an advocate of ideas and theories. Voltaire's whole world outlook is strongly rationalistic.
-82. gregory pincus, USA
American biologist who played an important role in the development of oral contraceptives.
-83. Egyptian menes
Menes, the first king of the first dynasty in Egypt, was the first person to unify Egypt. For most of the time since menes, Egypt was indeed one of the most economically and culturally developed countries in the world, which is a record of its immortal achievements.
84.peter the great
The most outstanding czar. The westernization policy he formulated was the main factor that made him a powerful country. In addition to his military talents, Peter has also done research in shooting, printing, sailing and shipbuilding. He is an outstanding emperor.
-85. Portuguese
Portuguese explorer who found a direct route from Europe to India by sailing around Africa.
86. Johannes Kepler
Inventor of the laws of planetary motion. Kepler's law gives a complete and correct description of the motion of planets around the sun and solves a basic problem in astronomy.
-87. Swiss lennert Euler
Swiss mathematician and physicist. Euler formula ei = cosθten isθ represents the relationship between trigonometric function and imaginary number, which can be used to find the logarithm of negative numbers. It is one of the most widely used formulas in all mathematical fields.
-88 Da Vinci Italian
A thoughtful, knowledgeable and versatile painter, fable, sculptor, inventor, philosopher, musician, physician, biologist, geographer, architectural engineer and military engineer, and also the designer of calculator. No work of art in the world is as famous as his painting Mona Lisa, which is a symbol of Leonardo da Vinci's human wisdom.
-89. Emperor Akihito of Meiji, Japan
The Meiji Restoration in Japan is a great miracle in world history. A small remote island country with poor resources has been transformed into a world power in social, economic and military aspects in just half a century.
90. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
He led the country out of British colonial rule. His thought of "non-resistance" has influenced nationalists all over the world and international peaceful change movements, and people are honored as heroes.
-9 1. Bill Gates USA
Chairman and Chief Software Architect of Microsoft Corporation, USA. At the age of 39, he became the richest man in the world and topped Forbes for 13 years in a row.
-92. Morgan USA
American biologist established the "gene theory" of modern genetics.
93. Alfred bernhard Nobel and Sweden
Swedish chemist, industrialist and glycerin inventor founded the world-famous Nobel Prize.
-94. Hawking Stephen William Hawking UK
Professor of the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics at Cambridge University, England, the most important contemporary general relativity and cosmologist, is known as the greatest living scientist, also known as the "king of the universe", and is known as the most famous scientific thinker and the most outstanding theoretical physicist in the world after Einstein.
-95. Homer Ancient Greece
The blind poets in ancient Greece, whose masterpieces are Iliad and Odyssey.
-Pierre De Coubertin
The father of modern Olympics, the initiator of modern Olympics, is known as "the father of modern Olympics".
Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev.
Chemist, it took about 20 years to publish the periodic law of elements.
-98. Robert Oppenheimer, USA
"father"
99. ian wilmut, England
British embryologist. The world's first scientist to clone animals with somatic cells.
-florence nightingale, England.
She devoted all her life to the reform and development of nursing and achieved brilliant achievements that attracted worldwide attention. All these make her an outstanding and great woman admired and praised by the world in the19th century. In order to commemorate her achievements, in 2006, the International Association of Nurses (ICN) proposed that all countries and nursing schools commemorate Nightingale's birthday on May 12 every year, and change May 12 to International Nurses' Day.