Pauli anecdote
Pauli is a physicist, famous for his Pauli principle, and recognized as a physicist at that time. He devoted his life to the research in the field of physics. He also has a special hobby, that is, he likes to comment on other people's things. When commenting, his words are often sharp, without considering the feelings of others.
There are many anecdotes about Pauli, among which the most interesting story is Pauli effect. It is said that the great physicist Pauli was born unfit to do experiments. Wherever he goes, the instruments in the laboratory will fail for no reason. It is said that physicist Frank was doing experiments in the laboratory of the University of G? ttingen when the experimental instruments suddenly failed. At that time, Frank wrote to Paulie that you were innocent this time. I didn't expect Pauli to write back honestly, saying, although I didn't come to the scene in person, my train only stopped at Gogentin's platform for a while when I was doing the experiment! It is said that when Frank summed up the reasons for the failure of the experiment, he solemnly wrote "Paulie passed through here".
Pauli's second anecdote is a story with Einstein. Paulie has a strong personality. Although he is knowledgeable, he is also known for his meanness. It is said that Paulie sat in the last row when he went to listen to Einstein's speech at the age of twenty. Pauli asked Einstein many questions. The words of the question were sharp and to the point, which made Einstein unable to parry. From then on, Einstein's speech depends on whether there are familiar figures in the last row. Later, it was rumored that at an international conference of Einstein, Pauli stood up after Einstein finished his report and said, "I don't think Einstein is completely stupid." The words are extremely sharp.
Introduction to Pauli
Wolfgang Pauli * * * 1900 ~ 1958 * *, a famous Austrian scientist and physicist. Pauli's achievements are mainly in quantum mechanics, field theory and primary particle theory, especially the establishment of Pauli's incompatibility principle and neutrino hypothesis in β decay, which laid an important foundation for the future development of theoretical physics.
Pauli's introduction began with Pauli's birth: Pauli 1900 was born in Vienna, Austria in April. His father is a doctor of medicine and a physicist in Vienna, and he studied physics in middle school. 19 18 graduated from middle school and became a graduate student of Sommerfeld, a famous physicist, by virtue of his father's letter of introduction. In the same year, the first paper on the energy component in the gravitational field was published. 19 19 criticized the mistakes in Weil's gravity theory, which attracted people's attention from all walks of life. 192 1 year, Pauli published a paper on the molecular model of hydrogen and obtained a doctorate. In the same year, he wrote a 237-page entry on special and general relativity for the German Encyclopedia of Mathematical Sciences, which is still one of the classic documents in this field. From 65438 to 0922, Pauli went to G? ttingen University as a teaching assistant with Born, during which he published many papers. Pauli became a lecturer at the University of Hamburg at 1923- 1928. During this period, Pauli put forward the most important principle he discovered-Pauli exclusion principle, which paved the way for the future development of atomic physics.
After the outbreak of World War II, Pauli moved to the United States in 1935 to escape fascism. 1940 was hired as a visiting professor of theoretical physics at Princeton Institute for Advanced Studies. 1945, awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics by the Science Award of the Royal Swedish Academy for the previously discovered incompatibility principle; 1946, Pauli returned to the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich. 1958 12 15. Pauli died in Zurich at the age of 58.
Pauli's brief introduction is only a brief summary of his life, among which Pauli's principle is the most striking. He has always pursued a rigorous attitude in his studies, being mean and sharp in his language, but this has never affected his position in the hearts of people in the industry.
Pauli principle
Pauli principle was put forward by Austrian scientist Pauli, also known as Pauli exclusion principle. This principle explains the basic laws of microscopic particle motion and is the most important discovery in the field of physics.
Pauli principle points out that no two or more particles can be in the same state in the whole fermion system, and it takes four quantum numbers to determine the state of an electron in an atom, so Pauli principle states that no two or more electrons can have the same four quantum numbers, which becomes one of the criteria of the periodic table of electronic elements.
The concept of Pauli principle includes the explanation that extranuclear electron configuration follows Pauli exclusion principle, minimum energy principle and Hunter rule. The lowest energy principle means that the electrons outside the nucleus always occupy the lowest energy orbit first without violating Pauli principle. Only when the lowest energy orbit is full, the electrons outside the nucleus will enter the higher energy orbit in turn, that is, the whole system will be in the lowest energy state as much as possible.
Hunting rules are in equivalent orbits, which refer to the orbits on the same electron layer and electron sublayer. Electrons with equivalent orbits occupy different orbits as much as possible and have the same spin direction. This theory is a complementary principle of the lowest energy principle.
Pauli principle is the principle followed by fermions with semi-integer spins. This principle can be expressed as that two or more particles in all Fermi subsystems cannot be in the same single particle state at the same time, and the electron spins in them also follow Pauli principle.