First of all, the questions raised
When we talk about listening, speaking, reading, writing and doing, we usually think of Chinese class and English class. So today, with the implementation of new curriculum, deepening quality education, vigorously reforming classroom teaching and improving classroom teaching efficiency, can we also cultivate students' listening, speaking, reading, writing and doing abilities in mathematics teaching, so as to contribute to the construction of high-quality and efficient classrooms and the improvement of students' comprehensive mathematics quality? In the actual teaching, it is found that students must go through the learning process in order to have a profound experience and understanding of the acquisition of knowledge and the formation of ability. American psychologists have also studied that learners' gains will be significantly different if they adopt different learning styles. The gain of reading once is 10%, listening once is 20%, writing once is 50%, saying once is 70%, and doing once is 90%. Therefore, in mathematics teaching, it is of great significance to train students skillfully in listening, speaking, reading, writing and doing, so as to cultivate students' mathematics reading ability, understanding ability, language narrative ability, self-study ability and creativity.
Second, the solution to the problem
(A) the clever use of "listening" in mathematics learning. Listening is a means to cultivate students' innovative thinking and tap students' non-intelligence factors. In primary school mathematics teaching, cultivating students' good habit of attending classes is helpful for children to concentrate in class and enhance their memory. Learning to listen is not only an important way for students to acquire knowledge, but also an important means to train their thinking, cultivate their learning ability and improve the effectiveness of cooperation. 1. Listen to the teacher. Now all schools in the county are studying and practicing the teaching mode of "345 high-quality and efficient classroom teaching". One of the basic principles is that teachers should "talk about three things" in class, that is, focus on key and difficult points, which are easy to make mistakes, confuse and leak, while students have learned not to talk about what they can learn through learning, teacher. Therefore, in class, the teacher's careful guidance requires the whole class to be quiet, and everyone must pay close attention to the teacher's lectures, so as to solve the difficulties and problems in learning. In order to improve students' attention and listening, now, before every math class, I train students to listen and calculate questions for up to 5 minutes. The teacher or the students read the questions, while the rest of the students listen, take notes and do oral calculations. At the appointed time, stop doing them and exchange views at the same table. After more than half a semester of listening and calculating training, students' listening and calculating ability has been greatly improved. 2. Patiently listen to the voices of peers. At present, all classes in the school are carrying out the classroom teaching mode of "independence, mutual assistance and learning", and pay attention to group cooperation, discussion, communication and reporting in class. Therefore, it is particularly important to listen to the expressions of peers. We teach students how to listen. There are three steps to listening to a classmate's speech: first, listen to the right or wrong of the classmate's speech; Second, if it is correct, you should listen to your classmates' ideas, what is the difference between them and your own, and whether you can learn from them. Third, if you make a mistake, you should listen to the reasons for the mistake and communicate your correct ideas with your classmates in time. Pay attention to listening to others, which is both respect for others and responsibility for yourself. I don't know how to express it until I hear it. While teaching students to learn to listen, we teachers should listen to students' speeches and set an example for them. Therefore, when each student speaks, the teacher should stop other actions, listen carefully to his speech and respond, so that the students who speak can realize the teacher's respect for him, and also let other students have an example to learn, and at the same time, guide students to listen to others as carefully as teachers. In future teaching activities, teachers can check whether students listen to the speeches of teachers and classmates from various aspects, such as observing students' movements and eyes, or randomly naming a student to repeat what classmates just said. For those students who can listen to others, teachers should praise them in time so that students can have peer models to follow. Learning to listen to the opinions of teachers and classmates and reflect on their own ideas is helpful to cultivate students' good personality, and is conducive to communication and cooperation among groups, thus improving classroom teaching efficiency.
Second, skillfully use the "saying" in mathematics learning. "Say" in mathematics is not only to say whether the answer of the exercise is right or wrong, but also to tell the reason of right or wrong and describe the process of doing the problem, so as to deepen students' understanding of knowledge. In teaching, arousing students' enthusiasm for expression and communication, so that students can gradually learn to express their operation activities and thinking process in an orderly and complete way with accurate mathematical language, is helpful to cultivate good language expression ability and the good development of mathematical thinking. 1. Tell me about the calculation process. For example, when learning multiplication and division and mixed operation, students should not only tell the answers to the exercises, but also tell how to do them. From focusing only on the process of thinking in the past to the present expression, students' understanding of arithmetic has been deepened. Cultivating students' computing ability is one of the purposes of primary school mathematics teaching. The focus of calculation teaching is to let students master the calculation rules on the basis of understanding the calculation theory. Whether it is arithmetic or law, only when students organize their own language can they know whether they really understand it. The process of letting students dictate arithmetic and rules is also the process of students' in-depth understanding and mastery. 2. Tell me about the process of "solving problems". Solving problems in primary school mathematics is the key and difficult point in teaching. In the teaching process of "autonomy, mutual assistance and learning", it is found that many students can do the right questions, but they can't express how they did it, which brings great difficulties to the communication, cooperation and mutual assistance between groups. Therefore, when teaching practical problems, I focus on training students how to analyze problems and how to distinguish the ability to solve problems. Let the students follow the teacher's theory first, then talk at the same table gradually, finally become a little teacher, and then go to the podium to tell the whole class. After that, you should ask, who has anything to add? Encourage other students to actively participate in the explanation. After a period of practice, students' ability to solve practical problems has been greatly improved, and the ability of mutual assistance among students has also been gradually enhanced. 3. Say learning gains. After each class and each unit, I asked the students to talk about their own gains. First, everyone in the group said it, and then each group selected representatives to say it in the class. This not only trains students' mathematical language expression ability, but also enables them to learn to summarize their own mathematical knowledge, and then students learn from each other and benefit a lot. 4. Say activity class. Su Jiaoban has designed many students' practical activities. After the activity, students will describe their own operation activities, which makes it easier to tell their own findings and summarize their experiences and feelings, and also exercises students' ability to express and summarize.
Third, use "reading" skillfully in mathematics learning. Many teachers may have this experience: in the study of application problems, many students just don't understand the meaning of the problems, or forget things while reading the problems, which leads to constant mistakes. This shows that without the cultivation of reading ability, students' mathematical ability is so weak. Soviet educator Suhomlinski even said, "To learn to learn, you must first learn to read. Students with poor reading ability are potential poor students. If he is not taught to read fast in primary school, he will encounter insurmountable difficulties in his future study. Reading is an important means to educate students with learning difficulties, because reading can develop students' intelligence. Therefore, reading teaching in mathematics class should not be underestimated. Mathematics reading contributes to the improvement of mathematics language level, mathematics understanding ability and mathematics communication ability. 1. Teach students to read textbooks. Textbooks are the main materials for students to learn mathematics. Reading textbooks include three links: before class, during class and after class. Reading the textbook before class can help you understand the content of the textbook and find difficult problems; Reading textbooks in class can help you understand the contents of textbooks more deeply and master relevant knowledge points. Reading textbooks after class is the deepening and expansion of the first two links, which can achieve a comprehensive and systematic understanding and mastery of the contents of textbooks. The compilation of examples in textbooks and the arrangement of "try it", "think about it" and "Do you know" are all carefully designed by math experts, but now some teachers and parents let their children do a lot of exercises outside the book in order to improve their grades, and the results may not necessarily receive the expected results. In fact, it is best for students to preview before the lecture, ask their own questions and find the answers in class, re-read the textbooks and summarize what they have learned after the lecture. 2. Pay attention to extracurricular reading of mathematics. Mathematics teaching should not stop at students' mastery of textbook knowledge, but also guide students out of the classroom, expand knowledge sources, pay attention to mathematics problems in life, and improve students' sensitivity to mathematics in life, so as to apply what they have learned and inject new vitality into the classroom. For example, every student in our school has subscribed to Knowing the World. Some mathematical background knowledge introduced in the book, social, natural and daily knowledge related to mathematics, simple historical materials about the development of ancient mathematics at home and abroad, and many wonderful mathematical stories, riddles and jokes have deeply attracted students, which not only enriched their extracurricular mathematics knowledge, but also greatly stimulated their interest in learning mathematics and enhanced their positive feelings in learning mathematics. In addition, teachers can also recommend excellent mathematics reading materials to students according to their own teaching practice, such as "Ma Xiaotiao Learn Mathematics" and "Mathematical Intelligence Story".
(D) the clever use of "writing" in mathematics learning. "Writing" in mathematics learning is not only writing (doing) homework, but also learning the characteristics of Chinese teaching and teaching students to write a summary of mathematics learning and math diary. 1. Write a summary of math learning. After each unit, I ask students to write a study summary, summarizing their own gains and losses in learning a unit, summarizing the performance of each member of the group and summarizing the overall learning situation of the class. The advantages of doing so. The advantages of doing this are as follows: First, students have reviewed their own learning situation, and it is not too late to make up what they have not learned well and have not mastered it thoroughly. The second is to let teachers have a general understanding of the learning situation of the whole class so as to improve and improve their work in the future. 2. Write about math diary. Writing about math diary provides students with an opportunity to express their mathematical thoughts, methods and emotions in mathematical language. Students can freely express their understanding of what they learned that day in the diary, write down what they don't understand, and also express their views on the classroom performance of their classmates and teachers. In this way, teachers can easily keep abreast of students' learning situation and students' evaluation of teachers' teaching, which is more conducive to teachers and students' teaching and learning. It should be noted that writing about math diary is not about the number of words, but about the benefits to teachers and students' teaching and learning. As long as students express their true thoughts, they should not be regarded as a burden or task.
(5) Using "doing" skillfully in mathematics learning. Since the implementation of the new curriculum, the arrangement of teaching materials has highlighted the contents of "space and geometry", "statistics and probability" and "practice and comprehensive application", focusing on cultivating students' hands-on operation, practice, independent exploration and cooperative communication ability. Therefore, in mathematics learning, students should not forget to do it. 1. What to do in class. Let students do what they can learn in class. For example, in the teaching of triangle, parallelogram and trapezoid, students are guided to draw pictures, communicate while thinking, and discuss, and the learning effect is very good. 2. What to do after class. Because the state now stipulates that primary school students only have six hours in school, so students have a lot of spare time. If students are asked to do math problems simply, most students will soon have to do them in order to complete the teacher's task. If students are required to do some hands-on and practical homework, for example, doing mathematical handwritten newspapers, measuring instruments, doing puzzles, doing life mathematics surveys, etc. Students are not only happy to do it, but also do it quite well, which can also cultivate students' mathematical ability.
Third, the results achieved.
By strengthening the training of "listening, speaking, reading, writing and doing" in mathematics teaching, students' mathematics learning ability is constantly improving, and good mathematics learning habits are gradually taking shape: more and more students pay attention to lectures in class, listen more carefully than before, speak boldly and express their ideas bravely, students' hands-on operation ability is also gradually enhanced, and their comprehensive quality of mathematics is constantly improving.
Fourth, pay attention to the problem.
1. Cultivating students' "listening, speaking, reading, writing and doing" and cultivating students' comprehensive quality in mathematics cannot be achieved overnight. We should persevere and persevere.
2. In teaching, we should constantly improve and innovate the methods of "listening, speaking, reading, writing and doing" according to different students, different teaching contents and different teaching practices.
3. Learn from the practice of "listening, speaking, reading, writing and doing" in Chinese and English classes, and transfer learning methods among different subjects according to the specific learning content, so as to learn from each other's strengths and make up for each other's shortcomings, and teach students well.