Thinking characteristics of children aged 1, 3-6 in learning mathematics

4-year-old children have the ability to count and recognize numbers. On this basis, we can use the comparison between the two. One more and one less, it is difficult for children to understand. For example, let the children answer 3 and 4, who is more and who is less? More or less? It is difficult for a child to solve the problem of numbers with abstract thinking without anything or picture operation in his hand.

Thinking in early childhood;

Concrete, intuitive and image thinking

What is visual thinking in images? That is to say, the thing you describe needs to be preceded by a specific object or something similar, such as how much is 5 more than 4? A large number of children can't understand such abstract symbols, so children often say that there are more than 4 to 5, and adults don't understand. "How can it be so simple that I don't know?" In fact, because the thinking of adults and children are not on the same channel, it seems that it is difficult for you to count the number of children! Adults already have abstract thinking, even if there is no physical comparison, they can calculate it quickly, so it is necessary to understand children's thinking mode and let them learn mathematics easily.

Second, how to guide children to learn the comparison of numbers?

Today, we will take the comparison of numbers as an example to teach you to draw inferences and teach your children how to compare numbers.

Comparison between 3 and 4

We prepare two round cards, three laps and four laps respectively; Get ready for numbers 3 and 4.

1, let the children count the number of circles separately, and then match the numbers with the numbers. Let the children understand that the number 3 corresponds to three circles and the number 4 corresponds to four circles through intuitive thinking.

2. How many children are invited to compare, more than three or more than four? Children can easily see from the length of the circle that 3 is few and 4 is many.

3. After comparing how much, ask the children to say more. How much is missing? Note that there are two aspects of thinking involved here, positive thinking (how many? ) reverse thinking (how many? ) 1 above is very simple for children, and 1 below will make children feel more difficult, so here is a story to help children understand the story of "holding hands to find friends". Arrange three and four round cards in two rows, and then hold hands with friends with pens. Finally, the following four circles that exceed 1 can't find friends, so we say that four circles exceed 65438.

4. Ask new questions. How can we make the upper and lower circles the same? This is an open topic, which can let children think for themselves and test your children's thinking breadth. Some children may say that if you add a circle behind the three circles, there will be as many as four. Some children may say that if you remove a circle from the end of a card with four circles, it will become a 3. These are two different ways of thinking. At that time, some children might add two circles after three circles and 1 circle after four circles, which made it five. They can also remove 1 circle from the ends of three circles and two circles from the ends of four circles, so that they are both two. There are countless ways to train children's mathematical logical thinking.

Mathematics learning in infancy is by no means a simple number recognition and addition and subtraction operation within 20 and 100. It needs to develop children's logical thinking, number and calculation, space and geometry, measurement and statistics, law and reasoning!