1. Passive learning. After entering junior high school, many students, like the previous stage, have strong dependence, follow the teacher's inertia and fail to grasp the initiative of learning. It is manifested in making uncertain plans, waiting for class, not previewing before class, not knowing what class the teacher will take, being busy taking notes in class, and not hearing the "doorway".
You can't learn law. Teachers usually explain the ins and outs of knowledge in class, analyze the connotation of concepts, analyze key and difficult points, and highlight thinking methods. However, some students didn't concentrate in class, didn't catch the main points or didn't catch them at all. They took a lot of notes and met many problems. After class, they can't consolidate, summarize and discover the connection between knowledge in time. They just do their homework in a hurry, confuse the questions, have little knowledge of concepts, laws, formulas and theorems, imitate them mechanically and memorize them by rote. Some people work overtime at night, are listless during the day, or don't listen at all in class, so they have another set. The result is half the effort, with little effect.
3. Do not pay attention to the foundation. Some students who "feel good about themselves" often despise the study and training of basic knowledge, basic skills and basic methods, and often only know how to do it, but they are very interested in difficult problems to show their "level". They are too ambitious, pay more attention to "quantity" than "quality" and fall into the sea of questions. In regular homework or exams, either calculus is wrong or "stuck" in the middle.
4. Do not have the conditions for further study. Compared with Grade One and Grade Two, Grade Three Mathematics is a leap in depth, breadth and ability. This requires you to master basic knowledge and skills to prepare for further study. In many places, the third grade mathematics is difficult, with new methods and high analytical ability. For example, the maximum value of quadratic function, the combination of number and shape of function value, the application of function and practical application. The deformation and flexible application of the relationship between proportional line segment, root and coefficient related to circle, and the analytical expression of quadratic function expressed by vertex of quadratic function. Objectively, these viewpoints are points of differentiation, and some contents are still out of touch in junior high school textbooks. If remedial measures are not taken, differentiation is inevitable.
Therefore, psychological counseling for students is extremely important. My specific approach is as follows:
1. Consultation to cultivate interest in learning
Interest is people's selective attitude towards objective things, which is manifested in people's efforts to understand and acquire something and participate in corresponding activities. Interest affects a person's behavior enthusiasm through emotional reaction, that is, anyone who engages in the study and work he is interested in will feel comfortable and happy and more efficient. On the contrary, if you are engaged in something that you are not interested in, you may lack psychological motivation, passion and efficiency. For middle school students, their study is largely influenced by their interests and emotions. Therefore, cultivating students' interest in learning is helpful to improve students' learning enthusiasm and thus improve learning efficiency. The goal of psychological counseling is to let students understand the influence of interest on learning, to understand their own interest in learning, and to cultivate their interest in learning various subjects. Counseling methods include story telling and discussion, self-test and group activities. Through activities, teachers and students come to the conclusion that interest is not innate, but real interest is acquired. Students should often engage in their favorite courses or activities, but also try and participate, so as to gradually cultivate interest and make greater progress in learning.
2. Consultation on improving learning motivation
Motivation is the driving force to promote learning activities, which determines whether students' learning is effective: it can arouse students' learning behavior; ② Guide students' learning behavior to develop towards specific goals; ③ Maintain, strengthen (or stop, weaken) learning behavior. It can be seen that motivation plays a very important role in students' learning. Students' learning motivation includes achievement motivation, communication motivation and curiosity. To strengthen learning motivation is to establish correct ideals and aspirations, establish a good interpersonal environment and cultivate a good interest in learning. The purpose of psychological counseling is to let students know the influence of achievement motivation on learning; Know your own ability and ambition level; Understand and establish an appropriate level of ambition to stimulate learning motivation. The psychological way adopts the way of teachers telling stories and discussing with students, and students role-playing and self-testing. Through activities, students understand that in order to maintain an appropriate and strong achievement motivation, they must establish an appropriate level of ambition, that is, the level of ambition must be higher than their own general level, so as to stimulate their potential and gain a sense of success; However, the level of ambition can't be just lofty and grand, which will only make the ideal a fantasy, or make you often hit by failures and setbacks, but will weaken your motivation for achievement.
3. Correct learning attitude counseling
Attitude is an internal reaction tendency of individuals to affirm or deny others and things for a long time. Learning attitude is the inherent reaction tendency of students to learning affirmation or negation, which affects students' directional choice of learning. A student with a positive attitude towards learning has a strong desire to learn. He always actively participates in various learning activities and studies consciously, so as to achieve higher learning efficiency. A student who has a negative attitude towards learning has no enthusiasm for learning. He can't study hard consciously, but always passively accepts learning. To cultivate a correct learning attitude, teachers are used to telling stories and discussing, self-testing and role-playing. Through various activities, it is concluded that passive, dependent and careless learning attitude is not conducive to the improvement of learning efficiency; Only with a positive, active, independent and serious learning attitude can we learn efficiently and deeply and master the knowledge we have learned.
4. Consultation on forming good study habits
Learning habits refer to the relatively stable learning behaviors that students gradually form in the process of learning, such as attention tendency, memory habits, psychological set of thinking and solving problems, behavior habits of homework and review, etc. There are good and bad study habits: good study habits conform to the psychological law of learning, which is conducive to improving the learning effect, while bad study habits deviate from the psychological law of learning and hinder the learning effect. The purpose of psychological counseling: ① To understand the different effects of study habits on learning effect. ② Understand your study habits and conduct self-analysis. (3) Master the methods to improve bad learning behaviors and develop good study habits. Counseling methods include plot performance and analysis, self-test and group activities. Especially about "how to correct your bad study habits and how to develop good study habits?" The teacher divided the students into several groups and asked each group to discuss the problem. After the group discussion, each group will send a representative to express their opinions in class. Finally, the teacher will summarize and arrange for each student to write specific measures and plans to improve their study habits within one week. Let students know what are good study habits and bad study habits, what is the relationship between study habits and academic performance, what are the characteristics, advantages and problems of their study habits, and how to improve their study habits. Students have a correct understanding of these problems and laid a good foundation for improving their study habits. Strict requirements for students, long-term training as planned to improve study habits, will gradually develop good study habits.
5. Guidance on learning methods
For a long time, people have always thought that learning ability reflects a person's general intelligence level. The smarter a person is, the faster he can acquire new knowledge and the stronger his ability to master new knowledge. However, recent psychological research shows that effective learning does not depend on innate and unchangeable learning ability, but mainly depends on a series of necessary learning methods and skills. If teachers don't guide students with poor learning methods and skills, their learning efficiency will be difficult to improve. At present, in our school, few people systematically teach students how to study, so it is understandable that there are so many poor students in our school. Those poor students who lack effective learning methods keep making mistakes, have poor academic performance and are constantly frustrated and criticized, so they are likely to lose confidence and feel afraid or anxious about all learning activities. Although some gifted students have mastered some effective learning methods through their own exploration, they still don't use their brains fully and effectively. More students do not have sufficient and reliable learning methods, which will hinder future self-study and lifelong learning. Therefore, it is very necessary to systematically teach students learning methods in schools.