Listening is listening carefully to others. Being good at listening is an indispensable accomplishment and an effective learning method. For first-year students, it is particularly important to cultivate children to learn to listen and develop good listening habits.
1. Let the students listen to the teacher carefully.
"Be close to the teacher and believe in it", the first-year students often have a strong emotional color, and they will be willing to listen to a teacher because they like him. Therefore, in teaching, our math teacher should pour enthusiasm and love into students and attract them to attend classes. We should try our best to love every student, approach students with kind eyes, subtle movements, cordial attitude and enthusiastic praise, and discover the bright spots in students. When children are found to be listening attentively, thinking attentively, trying to answer or ask various questions, they should praise them with sincere words and body language.
At the same time, because the first-year students mainly think in images, in mathematics teaching, we should turn abstraction into images, make monotony interesting, create scenes, make life emotional and interesting, and attract students to listen carefully. Pay attention to the combination of static and dynamic in the classroom structure, carry out diversified activities reasonably, and adjust students' mood in class.
2. Let the students listen to their peers carefully.
The interaction between peers is a collision of wisdom, and it is equally important to listen to their speeches. In math class, first-year students often repeat their speeches or just want to talk about themselves. Therefore, in teaching, students should first understand that listening carefully to others' speeches is a learning method, a manifestation of self-cultivation and a respect for others. Secondly, educate students to listen to their peers, appreciate the advantages of others and find out their own shortcomings. The method of post-listening evaluation can be used, that is, let students think while listening: What is worth learning from Xiaoming's speech? What's your problem? This can encourage students to form the habit of listening to others' opinions and making suggestions. Thirdly, we can use the method of role exchange to organize students to take turns as primary teachers to give lectures to classmates. Teachers, as "students", put forward their own opinions while listening and help students correct their mistakes in time. In this activity, the teacher's expression when listening to the class and the tone and intonation when putting forward opinions all play an exemplary role, which is conducive to cultivating students' habit of listening carefully.
Second, cultivate students' habit of positive thinking.
If wisdom is the source of creation, then thinking is the starting point of wisdom, and positive thinking is a kind of wisdom. Einstein once said: "Education should put the development of the general ability of independent thinking and independent judgment in the first place, not the acquisition of knowledge." It is very important to cultivate students' positive thinking in senior one mathematics teaching.
1. Get into the habit of thinking carefully about every problem.
For the first-grade children who have just entered school, parents often ask, "Did the teacher let you talk today?" Because parents know that talking is thinking. But there are generally forty or fifty students in a class, so it is impossible for every child to speak in a class, let alone every question. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the bad habit of thinking before speaking, and let the children understand that no matter whether the teacher asks you to speak or not, you should seriously think about every problem and reflect and adjust your thinking by comparing other people's speeches with the teacher's evaluation.
2. Don't imprison children's thinking and encourage them to look at problems from multiple angles.
Children are not accessories of us adults, they have the right to go their own way. First-grade children often have some naive views, even some whimsical, but this is also their explanation of the world and the harvest of their growth. Therefore, when children have different opinions from ours, don't kill them with a stick, but affirm the reasonable part and make appropriate suggestions. On the contrary, we should also encourage children to look at problems from multiple angles and sides and encourage them to have their own ideas.
Third, cultivate students' habit of being willing to communicate.
Our human life cannot be separated from society, so we cannot be separated from communication. Similarly, learning mathematics is inseparable from mutual communication, and cultivating students' habit of being willing to communicate is conducive to their learning and growth.
1. Communicate with yourself and adjust your cognition.
In math class, we can often let children talk about their ideas with themselves first and communicate with the "I" in their hearts. On the one hand, through communication with self, children can sort out their own thinking, make their understanding tend to be perfect, or deepen their understanding. On the other hand, through the communication with self, we can reflect on our original thinking and adjust our original cognition, so as to understand the problem more deeply.
2. Communicate with people more to enhance cognition.
In math class, communicating with peers and teachers is a good learning method and habit. Whether in group cooperative learning or collective communication, we should cultivate students' courage and self-confidence and encourage every child to express his ideas bravely. In communication, it is necessary to encourage children to appreciate and appreciate other people's views, but also to encourage children to put forward different views from others, so as to realize the exchange of ideas and concepts, thus enhancing students' cognition.
Fourthly, cultivate students' habit of effective cooperation.
Children in senior one are often self-centered and have no necessary experience in cooperative learning, which requires us to give them the necessary guidance in math class.
1. Follow the teaching principles and establish a cooperation group.
The cooperative learning of first-grade children can be carried out at the same table or in groups. In order to give full play to the communication, mutual assistance and cooperation functions of group learning, cooperative groups should not be randomly assigned, but should be grouped according to factors such as students' gender, ability, specialty and learning foundation, and in accordance with the principle of "complementary interaction, coordination and harmony". The children in Grade One are still young, so there shouldn't be too many students in the group. The general group is mainly composed of four people.
2. Establish a cooperation mechanism to promote effective cooperation.
Each group has a leader. Learning in cooperation should obey the division of labor, make good arrangements, and be flexible and complementary in cooperation. In order to make up for the different differences of students, the role rotation can be carried out regularly or pertinently, and the team leader takes turns to let each team member have the opportunity to represent the group and show himself.
We should also teach students how to cooperate. If you can't fight, you can't grab the operation, you must know how to be humble and tolerant; Everyone should participate in and express their ideas in an orderly manner; We should listen to others' opinions carefully, form the habit of learning from each other and helping each other, thus forming an effective cooperation mechanism.
3. Stimulate cooperation interest with scientific evaluation.
The evaluation of collective learning should be carried out in the form of a combination of collective evaluation and individual evaluation. When studying in a group, the students in the group are all small teachers. They promptly pointed out the mistakes and shortcomings of the students who spoke in the group, and praised and criticized them in their own group. In the whole class communication, praise and criticize in groups and compete among groups. In this way, each member of the group is encouraged to unite and cooperate, help each other, and conscientiously complete the learning tasks assigned by the teacher, which improves the students' sense of collective honor and makes them deeply experience the happiness of cooperative learning.
Fifth, cultivate students' habit of doing homework carefully.
To cultivate students' careful homework habits, we must start from Grade One.
1. Give students a good working environment.
The quality of work in different environments is absolutely different. The homework done in math class is obviously better than homework in writing quality and correct rate. Therefore, we should insist on not delaying classes and let children finish their homework with high quality in class. When doing homework, students are required to do one word: be quiet. Give children a quiet learning environment, set homework time, urge them to concentrate on their homework, and don't let them do it while playing. After finishing their homework, let them check and tidy up all their school supplies.
2. Develop a leisurely work habit.
Playfulness is the nature of first-grade children. Children always think that they can play first after finishing their homework, so they deal with it. It is necessary to change children's thinking, teach students how to do their homework seriously, and develop unhurried homework habits. Before homework, understand the requirements of the topic, correctly understand the meaning of the topic, and then start writing. When you do your homework, think carefully and write carefully. Every time you do a problem, you should have a careful plan and try to do it right. Check carefully after finishing your homework. You can't hand in your homework immediately after you finish it. Check the questions one by one to make sure nothing is missed and there is nothing wrong before handing them in.
3. Set an example and teach methods.
Cultivating students' good habit of doing things seriously is inseparable from the teacher's demonstration and guidance. Because primary school students are young and have strong imitation ability, we should do what students are asked to do first. From writing on the blackboard to correcting homework, and then correcting it after revision, we should write it properly and give students a careful and meticulous example. Teaching by example is more important than teaching by words, and students gradually form serious and meticulous habits in a subtle way.
4. Make progress in competition.
There is a saying: there is no award-winning director in a teenager, and students need encouragement. According to students' aggressive psychology, a perfect reward mechanism can be established. Every day's homework is covered with different "flowers" according to the seriousness and accuracy, and then summarized once a week, and the "excellent homework" is evaluated and exhibited. Summarize once a month, name the "learning stars" of the month and send "good news" to parents.
Of course, the formation of good study habits is not a matter of one day, nor is it just a matter of mathematics. It requires our patient training bit by bit in daily teaching work and the long-term efforts of teachers and parents in all subjects.