1932, admitted to the famous Chengdu Shi Lian Middle School (ready-made Shishi Middle School). The school attaches great importance to the course of mathematics and physics, and the teacher is also very capable, which has cultivated his strong interest in mathematics and physics. In his spare time, he read many reference books in this field, which cultivated and improved his ability of self-study and independent research. In this paper, the equal sum problem of k power numbers is studied, and many theorems of 10 are proved, which are valued by teachers. In high school, he and his classmates Li, Zhou, founded the publication "Science Middle School Students", which was printed nationwide, and the printing cost was raised entirely by the pocket money saved by the classmates. Senior three organizes China Youth Natural Science Association to unite young people who are interested in science and jointly develop scientific undertakings. His thought of studying science and developing scientific career was formed in middle school.
1938 was admitted to the Physics Department of Central University. In the early days of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, all the staff and equipment of Central University were moved from Nanjing along the Yangtze River to Shapingba, Chongqing for further education, without any loss, so it was the largest university in China at that time, with the most complete books and instruments and many professors. He majored in physics here, and at the same time he took all the main courses in the department of mathematics. I once participated in the college mathematics thesis competition and won the second place.
1942 when I graduated from university, I was detained as a teaching assistant because of my excellent academic performance.
From 65438 to 0944, he was transferred to the Physics Department of The National SouthWest Associated University, Kunming as a teaching assistant, and worked in Kunming Peking University School of Science. Under the guidance of Wu Dayou, a famous scholar, he is engaged in the experimental study of Raman spectroscopy and the study of atomic structure and atomic collision theory. In the same year, he and Wu Dayou jointly published a paper entitled "Herolashi Wave Function of Helium Atom in 2S2 1S State" in the foreign language edition of Chinese Journal of Physics, which reported the accurate calculation of the double excited state of Helium atom earlier in the world.
From 65438 to 0946, Peking University moved back to Peiping (now Beijing) from Kunming. He worked as a lecturer in Peking University and continued his research on atomic and molecular physics. Soon after, the article "Quantum Mechanical Probability of Electron Collision Double-K Electron Ionization" was published in the foreign language edition of the special issue of the Chinese Science Society, which was the first paper in the world to report the double-K electron ionization of electron collision.
1952 the department of physics of northeast Renmin university (predecessor of Jilin university) was established. He used to be the deputy director of physics department, and successively served as the director of the teaching and research section of metal physics, magnetism, general physics and solid state physics. For a long time, he engaged in scientific research while teaching, and made achievements in atomic and molecular physics, solid state physics, high temperature and high pressure physics, physical mechanics, etc., which promoted the development of disciplines and trained many outstanding talents.
1960, with the promotion and participation of Qi Qingquan, the Northeast Institute of Physics of China Academy of Sciences (the predecessor of Changchun Institute of Physics) was established, and he also served as the director. At the same time, he is also a member of the Academic Committee of Institute of Metals, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
1962, in the name of Vice Premier Nie, the state hired him as a member of the physics discipline group and metallurgy group of the State Science and Technology Commission, and served as an academician of the Northeast Branch of China Academy of Sciences, and participated in the formulation of the supplementary plan of the National Ten-year Development Plan for Science.
1977, responsible for formulating the first development plan of atomic and molecular physics in China.
1In the spring of 978, the National Science Conference was held in Beijing. Qi Qingquan's research results on synthetic mechanism of synthetic diamond won an award at the conference and was rated as an advanced individual. In the same year, at the national machinery planning conference, he presided over the formulation of the development plan of physical mechanics in China.
Entrusted by the Ministry of Education, 65438-0979 established the first Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics in Jilin University and served as its director. Three years have trained 16 graduate students majoring in atomic and molecular physics, which laid the foundation for the development of atomic and molecular physics and physical mechanics in China.
198 1 year, qi qingquan was awarded the first batch of doctoral supervisors majoring in atomic and molecular physics.
1983, Qi Qingquan transferred to Chengdu University of Science and Technology. After several years of struggle, he established the Institute of Physics at High Temperature and High Pressure, and later expanded it to the Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science at High Temperature and High Pressure, focusing on the atomic and molecular states and interaction processes at high temperature and high pressure, as well as the atomic and molecular design and synthesis of new materials at high temperature and high pressure. On this basis, he vigorously carried out research on physical and mechanical problems. 1983 Up to now, he has served as the chairman of the Committee of Atomic and Molecular Physics of Chinese Physical Society, the chairman of the Committee of Physical Mechanics of theoretical and applied mechanics Society of China, and the chairman of Sichuan Physical Society. In order to promote the research and academic exchange of atomic and molecular physics and physical mechanics, a lot of important organizational work has been done.
1985, Qi Qingquan was awarded a doctorate in high temperature, high pressure and atomic and molecular science, and was later named as a key discipline for cultivating doctoral students. Training doctoral students 13 people, 9 of whom received doctoral degrees. In addition, he also led other teachers to train nearly 100 master students. He has trained many outstanding talents in atomic and molecular physics and physical mechanics for our country.
1986, 1 1 year 10. In October, Qi Qingquan presided over the second national academic conference on physical mechanics of theoretical and applied mechanics Institution in China. 100 was attended by more than 60 reports, marking the beginning of vigorous development of this discipline. A professional committee was set up at the meeting, and Qi Qingquan was elected as the chairman.
Mr. Qi Qingquan, a tenured professor of Sichuan University, a famous physicist, an outstanding educator and the founder of the Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics in China, died in Chengdu on June 30th, 201,at the age of 95.
Physical mechanics of scientific achievements is a new interdisciplinary subject proposed and established by Qian Xuesen, a famous mechanic, in the early 1950s. It studies the microscopic theory of macroscopic mechanical phenomena and is a branch of modern mechanics. Its purpose is to find out the calculation method of mechanical properties of media and materials from the structure and interaction of microscopic particles (atoms, molecules, etc.). ) and study the microscopic mechanism of mechanical process, so that the solution of mechanical problems is based on microscopic analysis and calculation. Due to the development of modern cutting-edge science and technology, the material properties under high temperature, high pressure and ultra-high pressure and the material behavior under various rays are put forward. These problems cannot be completely solved by experimental methods, and need to be based on theoretical calculation. In addition, it is necessary to design the media and materials needed in engineering through microstructure. Therefore, it is impossible to solve physical and mechanical problems without a good foundation of atomic and molecular physics. In order to further develop physical mechanics, the original atomic and molecular physics is not enough, so it is necessary to develop and apply atomic and molecular physics to meet the needs of the development of physical mechanics. Therefore, in the early 1960s, Qi Qingquan organized manpower to conduct a long-term and systematic study on atomic structure, interaction and atomic collision, which laid a good foundation for the further development of physical mechanics.
In order to calculate the atomic structure and interaction properties, and then calculate the mechanical properties of media and materials proposed in physical mechanics, atomic wave function is needed as the basis. Therefore, Mr. Qi Qingquan first studied the analytical wave function of atoms, systematically studied the atoms with the first, second, third and fourth periods in the periodic table, and published a series of papers successively. 1988 was summarized into a monograph "Variational Calculation of Atomic Structure" (published by Chengdu University of Science and Technology Press). This is the only monograph on the variational calculation of atomic analytic wave functions in the world, in which the wave functions listed are used to study high-temperature gases, high-pressure gases and high-pressure solids proposed in physical mechanics.
In order to study the equation of state of high-pressure gas and the transport properties of electrons in gas at out-of-temperature temperature, he began to carry out theoretical research on interatomic interaction potential and atomic collision in the 1960s, especially on the difficult problem of calculating the cross section of slow electron-atom collision, put forward his own theoretical model (equivalent potential model) and calculation method, systematically calculated a large number of atoms, and made a series of new progress. Later, this theoretical model was extended to the collision of slow electrons with a series of molecules, which was also successful.
In recent years, in order to explore whether hydrogen clusters can form metastable metal structures, Qi Qingquan systematically calculated and studied hydrogen clusters and energy. This kind of work is difficult to do with conventional methods, and a new calculation method must be established. Therefore, he improved and developed the quantum mechanical method of arranging channels, and used it to calculate the hydrogen atom group Hn(n=3, 4, 5, 9, …). After obtaining satisfactory results, he published a series of papers in the Journal of Atomic and Molecular Physics. Since 1950s, Qi Qingquan has been actively studying dilute solid solution theory and interatomic force theory in solid while studying atomic and molecular physics. Papers such as "On the Essence of Metal Bond, Valence and Interatomic Force of Transition Metals" and "On the Interatomic Binding Force of Transition Metal Solid Solution" were published, which pointed out the direction for improving the mechanical strength of metals and alloys.
In order to meet the needs of the development of cutting-edge science and technology, 1963, under the proposal of Qian Xuesen, from the point of view of atomic and molecular physics, actively carried out the research on high-temperature and high-pressure physical problems raised in physical mechanics, and guided graduate students to calculate the three-dimensional electron spectrum of copper under high pressure; The interatomic interaction potential and its equation of state in solid and gas are studied, and a new method for solving the equation of state of solid in the range of 1 million to 10 million atmospheres is proposed. 1February, 966, he and Qian Xuesen hosted the first national academic seminar on atomic and molecular physics and physical mechanics, which promoted the long-term cooperation and mutual promotion of the two disciplines.
In recent years, he studied the possibility of synthesizing metallic hydrogen under high pressure from the interaction between hydrogen atoms and hydrogen molecules. In 1987,No. 1 Journal of High Pressure Physics, a paper entitled "Synthesis Mechanism of Metallic Hydrogen under High Pressure" was published, which clarified that the interaction of hydrogen molecules in solid hydrogen can be transformed into a cubic metallic hydrogen structure in which hydrogen atoms combine with each other under high pressure. But when the high pressure is removed, can the metal structure be maintained? This is an unsolved problem in the past. Therefore, he calculated and studied the body-centered cubic structure of H9, and the results showed that the body-centered cubic structure of H was metastable under normal pressure. This shows that the structure of metallic hydrogen synthesized under high pressure may still maintain the structure of metallic hydrogen under normal pressure. Therefore, it is possible to synthesize metallic hydrogen from solid hydrogen at high pressure. Metal hydrogen and heavy metal hydrogen are very important high-density energy materials and nuclear fusion materials. Therefore, it is particularly important to study their synthesis, and the research results point out the direction for the artificial synthesis of metallic hydrogen. This is the theoretical basis of atomic and molecular design for the synthesis of metal hydrogen special new materials. At the same time, he also theoretically calculated the high-pressure state equation and phase transition of LiH and LiD. LiH and LiD are also very important high-density materials and nuclear fusion materials, which are often used under high pressure, so it is very important to understand their high-pressure state equations and phase transitions. However, it is very difficult to solve this problem only through experiments, and theoretical calculation needs the help of physical mechanics. Starting from the change and interaction of atomic states under high pressure, Qi Qingquan proposed a new physical model and calculation method, directly calculated the equation of state under high pressure suitable for 2 million atmospheres, and predicted that structural phase transition would occur around 800,000 atmospheres. This is a new result that has not been obtained from experiments or theoretical calculations in the past. This research achievement has been written and published in High PressureResearch of 1990. This is a typical example of successfully applying the method of physical mechanics to study the equation of state of high-pressure solids from the perspective of atomic structure and interaction. After 10 years of efforts, the new discipline of physical mechanics has made gratifying progress. Under certain physical conditions, graphite can be transformed into diamond by changing its lattice structure. Since 1972, in order to improve the quality of synthetic diamonds, Qi Qingquan often went deep into the factory to investigate and study. He was anxious for the country and chose the synthetic mechanism of synthetic diamond with great application value and scientific significance. Starting from the interaction between atoms, he studied it with the method of physical mechanics. 1973 published the article "Structural Transformation Mechanism of Graphite into Diamond at High Temperature and High Pressure", put forward the standard of graphite special for synthetic diamond and three optimization principles of catalyst special for diamond, guided the development of synthetic diamond technology, and made contributions to improving the quality of synthetic diamond in China and developing new diamond varieties. 1978 discusses the structure, synthesis mechanism and special properties of boron-containing black diamonds, puts forward the physical model of boron-containing black diamonds, expounds their high-temperature resistance mechanism, and predicts that these diamonds have good chemical inertness. Under the guidance of this theory, Qi Qingquan cooperated with others to develop boron-containing black diamond polycrystalline with good heat resistance and wear resistance, and also proposed a boron-coated nitrogen core diamond model to guide the experimental research work in this field. 1975, Qi Qingquan wrote a book called Synthetic Diamonds, which was published by Science Press. This is the first monograph in this field in China. 1986 compiled the papers published in this field into a monograph "Study on Synthetic Mechanism of Synthetic Diamonds", which was published by Chengdu University of Science and Technology Press.
In recent years, he has guided teachers and graduate students to carry out research on new diamonds and made some new progress. For example, under the guidance of his new theory, he successfully studied transparent boron-coated diamond with good heat resistance, coarse-grained diamond with good compressive strength and heat resistance, and polycrystalline diamond with high heat resistance and high wear ratio used in oil drilling. In the early 1990s, Qi Qingquan successfully developed boron nitride diamond single crystal, which has high heat resistance. In addition, he also studied the formation mechanism and atomic and molecular design of diamond films, put forward his own theoretical model and design ideas to guide practice, and successfully synthesized high-quality large-diameter diamond films.
Since 1975, entrusted by the former First Machinery Department, Qi Qingquan has held short training courses, advanced courses, junior college courses and research courses for synthetic diamonds in the Sixth Grinding Wheel Factory, Jilin University and Chengdu University of Science and Technology, which has trained a large number of technical backbones for the synthetic diamond industry and effectively promoted the development of synthetic diamond technology.
Qi qingquan has been engaged in the research of atomic and molecular physics, high-pressure physics and physical mechanics for a long time, and developed physical mechanics with its profound foundation in physics, mathematics and mechanics. His research results have made important contributions to the country.