1. space vector: space vector is the basis of solid geometry, but students may be confused about concepts such as vector operation, linear correlation and linear independence. In addition, the application of space vector also needs some thinking transformation, such as transforming plane problems into space problems.
2. The positional relationship between spatial straight line and plane: This part involves the judgment and proof of the parallel, vertical and intersecting relationship between straight line and plane. Students may find it difficult to determine the positional relationship between a straight line and a plane and how to prove it.
3. Spatial angle: Spatial angle includes the angle between straight lines, the angle between straight lines and plane, etc. Students may be confused about how to calculate these angles and how to use them for reasoning and proof.
4. Volume and surface area of space geometry: This part involves the calculation of volume and surface area of various geometric shapes such as spheres, cylinders, cones and cuboids. Students may find it difficult to derive and apply these formulas.
5. Projection of space geometry: The projection of space geometry is to project a geometry onto a plane to get a new figure. Students may be confused about how to determine the direction and position of the projection and how to calculate the length and area of the projection.
6. Cutting and combination of spatial geometric figures: This part involves cutting a geometric figure into several small geometric figures or combining multiple geometric figures into a large geometric figure. Students may be confused about the steps and results of these operations.