The first part: the teaching goal of mathematics courseware for the first grade of primary school;
1. Stimulate learning interest with real situations about left and right in life.
2. Know the positional relationship between "left and right" and understand its relativity.
3. Left and right can be used to describe the positional relationship of objects.
Teaching process:
First, create scenarios to stimulate interest
Talk: I heard that children sing very well. Sing a song for the teachers. Students sing left and right hands.
Question: What's the name of this song? (Left hand and right hand) Kid, which hand is your left hand and which hand is your right hand?
Second, know about.
1. Emphasize the role of left and right hands and deepen the understanding of left and right.
Problem: We all have dexterous hands. They are good friends. What can our right and left hands do?
2. Look for the left and right sides of your body.
Question: Each of us has many good friends like right-hand man. Look at your health. Can you find such a good friend? Please tell your deskmate when you find it.
Students' activities, looking for physical strength.
Q: "Who wants to tell you about your good physical friend? The teacher suggested that we point to where he said? "
The student reported the results and pointed at them while talking, and the rest of the students followed suit.
Narrator: After careful observation, the students found so many good friends that even the teacher admired you. Now I want to see how well these partners in your body cooperate. Let's play a game of "listen to the command and help the action".
3. Game: Listen to the password and do the action.
Hold out your left hand, hold out your right hand.
The left hand pats the left shoulder and the right hand pats the right shoulder.
Touch the right ear with your right hand and the left ear with your left hand.
The right hand pats the left leg and the left hand pats the right leg.
Before, after, left, right, up, down.
Jump twice with your left foot and twice with your right foot.
Left hand rested on her hips, left hand raised and bent to the left.
Put your right hand on your hips, lift it up and bend it to the right.
4. Introduce the same seat in all directions.
There are so many teachers with us today that they really want to know you. Who can introduce my classmates? Please talk to these two students first, and then talk to each other in the same place. )
Question: Are there any good friends among these students? Which group is your friend in? who is it? Left or right, let's guess, shall we?
Question: Can you say a word about it? You can talk about the decoration of this classroom.
[Comment: Introduce your seat with all the positions you have learned, and extend the "left and right" positions. Learn "left and right" and apply this knowledge to life to experience the connection between learning and life. ]
5. Understand the relativity of position
(1) Introduce the location of stationery.
At the beginning of the new semester, the Blue Cat Store has bought some school supplies. Do you want to see it, children? What school supplies do you have? How are they placed?
Speak freely about the location of stationery before communicating with each other.
(2) Question: Who will talk about the placement of pencils? Guide: Why is the pencil on the left for a while and on the right for a while? The pencil is on the left of the ruler and on the right of the pencil box.
(3) Doubt: What is the second stationery? Is it a ruler or a pencil box? Students can discuss it. Ask the representatives of both sides to take the stage to debate and make it clear whether the position of the object is counted from the right or from the left.
[Comment: The purpose of the design is three years: First, through "How is the stationery in the Blue Cat Store placed? Can you introduce it? " This open-ended question allows each student to introduce the location of stationery in different ways. Second, for different stationery, the position of the pencil is different. It embodies one of the relativity of left and right. Third, the design of "what is the second stationery" enables students to see different results from different positions, further clarify the position of objects and understand the importance of left and right learning. ]
Transition: The students introduced the stationery of Blue Cat Store to us with their right and left hands, and everyone spoke very well. Now let's relax.
1. Students sing "healthy songs" together.
Students who like this song please raise your right hand (students raise their hands), and the teacher likes it very much (the teacher raises his right hand). Did I raise my right hand? Do you have any different opinions? Why? Clear: the direction of standing is different, so the left and right are different.
3. Shake hands with the classmates in the seat and verify the relativity of the left and right again.
Third, practice.
1. Question: Look, what do you see in the picture? Do you know what "please keep to the right when going up and down the stairs" means?
Conclusion: When judging, you should imagine yourself as a person going up and down the stairs. We usually walk up and down the stairs to the right like these children. On campus, we should also obey the road traffic rules.
2. game: guess.
Children, what games do you like to play during recess? These little animals want to play hide-and-seek with you. Do you welcome them?
On the right of the blue cat is Mickey Mouse, on top of the blue cat.
Monkey King is on Blue Cat's left, and Xiao Xiong is on Mickey's left.
Harry is on Mickey's right.
The activities of teachers and students are the same.
Fourth, summary.
What did we learn today? Which child do you think is doing well in this class? You can also talk about yourself. How did the teacher behave?
Part II: Mathematics Courseware for the First Grade of Primary School I. Teaching Analysis
The first volume * * is divided into ten units: counting a number, comparing a number, understanding and addition and subtraction of 1~5, understanding and classification of objects and figures, understanding and addition and subtraction of 6~ 10, understanding of1~ 20, understanding of clocks and watches within 20.
The unit "Counting" has a preliminary perception of numbers in the range of 1~ 10, and realizes that numbers exist in our lives and are good friends of human beings.
The unit "Compare with One" consists of two parts. Part of it is "how much" and part is "how long and how short". These contents are the preparatory knowledge for learning to recognize numbers, calculate and measure. Through the study of these contents, students can initially perceive the meanings of "more", "less", "long", "short", "high" and "short".
"Understanding and addition/subtraction of 1~5", "Understanding and addition/subtraction of 6~ 10" and "Understanding of numbers of 1 ~ 20" let students know numbers within 20 through the process of abstraction from daily life, and initially try to choose appropriate methods to carry out 5 and 65438.
"Understanding objects and figures" and "classification" enable students to understand objects, perceive the shape of figures, establish preliminary shape perception and classify various patterns and figures.
The unit "Knowing Clocks" is no stranger to students, because students have some contact in life, but this unit enables students to learn more clearly, so as to know the hour and the half hour by knowing the clock face.
Carry addition within 20 and abdication subtraction within 20 (generally referring to one-digit addition and corresponding subtraction) are the beginning of students' learning to recognize numbers and calculate, which are widely used in daily life and are also the basis of multi-digit calculation. Therefore, the addition and subtraction of one digit is the most basic content in primary school mathematics, the basic knowledge and skills necessary for students' lifelong learning and development, and the students must master it. In addition to digital recognition and calculation, we also arrange intuitive understanding of common geometric figures, comparison of numbers, lengths and heights, simple classification and preliminary understanding of clock faces.
This textbook mainly cultivates students' sense of mathematics, observation ability, thinking ability, oral expression ability, study habits and cooperative communication ability through various activities, so that students have a strong interest in mathematics, and at the same time encourage students to learn useful knowledge in their favorite way, carry out effective ideological and moral education for students, and initially understand certain learning methods and thinking methods.
Second, the analysis of learning situation
The class I teach is 1 class, 3 classes a year. The number of students in the two classes is 42 and 4 1 respectively. They are all children who have just graduated from kindergarten. For them, the first grade has entered the ranks of primary school students and become a formal primary school student. Because they have just transferred from kindergarten to primary school, they are not familiar with some habits of primary school students, and often have some practices of kindergarten, such as naughty, bad behavior habits, inattention and so on. Now as a primary school student, there are many differences from kindergarten. Many children can't adapt, and their kindergartens are different, and the knowledge they receive is different. Therefore, let children form a habit and teach in the first grade. Everyone should be different. It can also be said that it is the hardest year for a first-grade teacher. However, I believe that only by being serious and responsible, caring for students and working hard actively, I believe that the students in my class can reach the overall level, and the best and worst students will appear as little as possible, so that every student can love and learn, and the knowledge level can be the same.
Third, the teaching objectives:
1, master the number of objects within 20, distinguish a few from the first one, master the order and size of numbers, master the composition of numbers within 10, and read and write numbers from 0 to 20.
2. Know the meaning of addition and subtraction and the names of each part in the addition and subtraction formula, know the relationship between addition and subtraction, and skillfully calculate the addition of one digit and the subtraction within 10.
3. Initially learn to solve some simple practical problems according to the meaning and algorithm of addition and subtraction.
4. Understand that the symbols "=" and ">" and "<" are used to represent the size of numbers.
5. Intuitively understand cuboids, cubes, cylinders, spheres, rectangles, squares, triangles and circles.
6, a preliminary understanding of the classification method, will be simple classification.
7, a preliminary understanding of clocks, you will know the hour and half-hour time.
8. Experience the fun of learning mathematics, improve the interest in learning mathematics, and build confidence in learning mathematics well.
9. A good habit of doing homework carefully and writing neatly.
10. Experience the close relationship between mathematics and daily life through practical activities.
Fourth, the guiding ideology
Five, the teaching focus and difficulty:
1, can read and write numbers within 20.
2. Mastering the composition of numbers within 10 and calculating addition and subtraction within 20.
3. Understand the composition of numbers within 20, and preliminarily understand the meaning of "unit" and "ten".
Subtraction of abdication within 4.20.
Sixth, teaching measures.
1, 5 minutes before class, ask students to do dictation for 20 times, thus forming the habit of dictation in each class.
2. Urge students to develop good study habits and behavior habits, especially sitting and writing habits.
3. The combination of classroom teaching and family teaching practice enables students not only to acquire knowledge in teaching, but also to discover and learn knowledge in life.
4. According to students' age characteristics and cognitive rules, choose effective teaching methods and make full use of audio-visual media.
5. Let students look for mathematics in life and read stories about mathematics, which can not only learn relevant knowledge about mathematics, but also improve students' language expression ability and oral ability.
6. Give more guidance to students' weak knowledge.
7. Cultivate students' habit of previewing and reviewing. When previewing new knowledge and reviewing, we should start with thinking, observing, testing, asking questions and sorting.