1. limit: limit is one of the most basic concepts in higher mathematics, which describes the trend of a function at a certain point or at infinity. The concept of limit is widely used in calculus and series.
2. Derivative: Derivative is a concept to describe the rate of change of a function, which can be used to find the extreme value and inflection point of a function. The concept of derivative has an important application in differential calculus.
3. Integral: Integral is the concept of solving the area under the curve, which can be used to solve definite integral, indefinite integral and so on. The concept of integral has an important application in calculus.
4. Differential equation: Differential equation is an equation containing unknown functions and their derivatives, which can be used to describe many phenomena in nature. Differential equations are widely used in physics, engineering and other fields.
5. Matrix: Matrix is a basic concept in higher algebra, which can be used to represent linear equations and vector space. Matrix is widely used in computer science, signal processing and other fields.
6. Linear space: A linear space is a set that satisfies the operations of addition and scalar multiplication. It can be used to describe vector space, linear transformation and so on. Linear space has important applications in functional analysis, quantum mechanics and other fields.