How to teach primary school mathematics well? First, strengthen the subjective consciousness and let students become the masters of learning.
Focusing on the requirements of talent quality in the new century, we should create conditions to develop students' subjectivity in classroom teaching, and cultivate students with solid basic knowledge, strong adaptability, independent personality and innovative spirit. This requires us to change the direct purpose of education. We should always regard students as the real masters of learning and let them actively participate in the whole process of learning from beginning to end.
1, for everyone, everyone participates, * * * with progress.
The success of teaching depends on whether a few students or all students participate in our teaching activities, and whether students participate passively or actively. In some classes, the teacher asked vivid questions and students scrambled to answer them, but only a few top students were talking to the teacher. Singing opera? And most of the students look on coldly? Watching a play? No right to interrupt. In some classes, the teacher sets a good framework for students to follow the teacher's intention? Participate? Once the answer doesn't meet the teacher's original design, it will be taken away by the teacher immediately? Pull it back? Original question. This kind of participation is passive participation led by teachers.
We just want to overcome the teacher's lecture that the students are listening to; Teachers do all the work, while students watch blindly; Teachers ask questions all the time and students answer passively; A few students study, and most students sit with them. Try to create various conditions for students to fully express themselves. Believe in every student and don't give up any student, because every student has the nature of success and avoiding failure. With proper help, every child can become a genius.
2. Teach learning methods and let students become the masters of learning.
I remember a modern educator once said: Mathematics teaching is mainly not to give students existing knowledge, but to give students learning methods, so that students can teach for life. ? Teaching students learning methods is to attach importance to students' thinking process of acquiring knowledge in the teaching process. Only through students' own exploration and generalization of knowledge can they really be incorporated into their own cognitive structure and gain a deep understanding. For example, when teaching the formula for calculating the area of a circle, I first put forward: What is the formula for calculating the area of a triangle? How is it derived?
Let the students recall that the triangle area formula is derived from the parallelogram area formula. At this time, ask again: how to convert a circle into a learned figure to calculate the area? Then guide students to operate, divide the circle into several equal parts (8 equal parts, 16 equal parts, 32 equal parts) by experiment, and then assemble a figure similar to a rectangle, and observe the relationship between the length and width of the assembled rectangle and the circumference and radius of the circle. Finally, the formula for calculating the area of a circle is derived from the rectangular area formula. It is the result of creative activities to gain real knowledge through one's own operation, observation, comparison, analysis, synthesis, generalization and reasoning.
Have all the students tasted it? Success? Joy enhances confidence in creative activities. It is a common teaching idea and method to turn unknown problems into known ones. Students have used this method when learning parallelogram area. This time, students are taught to solve new and more complicated problems with this mathematical thinking method. ? The illiterate people in the future are not literate people, but people who can't learn? We teach students learning methods, so that students can gradually learn to actively seek and explore new knowledge.
3. Cultivate the spirit of cooperation.
Strengthening students' group cooperative learning and discussion in classroom teaching can create opportunities for students to participate and give full play to their complementary roles. At the same time, cooperation is also a kind of ability, a quality that reflects personal qualities. This learning method effectively transforms students' passive acceptance of knowledge into active exploration of new knowledge, fully mobilizes students' initiative and creativity, and can tap students' internal potential. Group discussion, listening and feedback can expand students' space and help improve their innovative ability. The sense of cooperation is also the communicative ability needed by the society in the new century.
Second, highlight emotional awareness and establish a harmonious, equal and relaxed atmosphere.
1. Establish a harmonious and equal relationship between teachers and students.
A harmonious and relaxed classroom atmosphere helps students to be active in thinking, eager to learn, dare to think, dare to speak, dare to ask and be willing to express their opinions. Therefore, teachers should be good at communicating the hearts of teachers and students with kind eyes, kind attitude and warm praise. Teachers must also respect any findings of students and take seriously all kinds of questions raised by students. Even ridiculous, naive or even wrong questions can not be blamed, let alone satirized, otherwise their findings will be suppressed and obliterated. Teachers must carefully care for the seeds of students' innovation and help them build their confidence in innovation.
2, according to the differences, teach students in accordance with their aptitude and give each student a chance to succeed.
To implement quality education, we must recognize individual differences, adopt different teaching methods and teach students in accordance with their aptitude. Different students are allowed to learn different levels of knowledge in teaching. For students with learning difficulties, as long as they make a little progress, they should be affirmed and encouraged in time. A philosopher once said: the most eager need in human nature is the desire to be affirmed. Giving students a chance to succeed, so that every student can experience the joy of success, meet their emotional needs and self-realization requirements, can improve students' interest in learning, strengthen their hypocritical motives and enthusiastically devote themselves to learning.
Third, create an effective learning environment conducive to students' autonomous learning.
"Mathematics Curriculum Standard" points out:? Mathematics teaching should be closely related to students' living environment, and based on students' experience and existing knowledge, create a situation conducive to students' independent learning and cooperative communication. ? A good question situation can attract students' attention and make them actively pay attention to the learning content; Can arouse students' learning experience and attract jade for learning new knowledge; It can stimulate students' interest in learning and their mathematical thinking. With the deepening of curriculum reform, new changes have taken place in mathematics classroom, and teachers are willing to create situations for teaching, which really brings vitality to classroom teaching. However, the problem situations created in some classrooms are complex and far-fetched, and students can't capture effective information, which leads to insufficient compactness and low efficiency in classroom teaching. Therefore, teachers must consider the effectiveness of situation creation when creating problem situations.
For example, at the beginning of teaching "the area of a circle", I showed a picture with courseware: a sheep was tied by a rope, and the other end of the rope was tied to a stake, and the sheep moved around the stake to form a circle.
This animation situation quickly attracted students, who wanted to know: What is the maximum area for sheep to eat grass? What formula is used to solve this problem? What does it have to do with what you have learned? How to calculate the area of a circle with a formula? This lesson is to let students with this desire to explore, step by step around the goal of exploration. For another example, when teaching standards, I introduced it with the following question: China has a land area of 9.6 million square kilometers. Can such a large area be drawn on different sizes of paper? This question aroused students' enthusiasm for inquiry. This question aroused doubts in students' minds and stimulated their desire to explore. Attention will be highly concentrated and enter the best state of intellectual activities, which will not only help to effectively carry out inquiry activities, but also improve the effectiveness of mathematics classroom teaching.
In a word, there are many teaching methods in primary school mathematics classroom teaching. The key is to study hard, sum up carefully, explore actively and teach students in accordance with their aptitude according to their age characteristics and cognitive rules, and find the most suitable teaching method for their own students. Primary school mathematics class must focus on cultivating students' quality and ability, highlighting the characteristics of primary school students, not only stimulating students' strong interest in mathematics class, but also imparting knowledge and ability to students scientifically and correctly, and paying attention to education.