1, fuzzy analysis:

Traditional mathematical or statistical methods are based on precise assumptions, but there are many ambiguities or uncertainties in natural science, social science and engineering technology. Human cognitive mode, thinking mode and even reasoning logic also involve many uncertainties.

Therefore, traditional methods can't solve this kind of uncertainty problem, while fuzzy mathematics extends the application scope of mathematics from precision to the field of fuzzy phenomena, and puts forward the theory of membership function, which largely determines whether things belong to concepts or not, so it is more reasonable to describe fuzzy problems than precise mathematics.

Similarly, the credit rating of enterprises is also a vague problem. It is difficult to judge its credit status with the concept of "yes" or "no" in precise mathematics. Therefore, it is more scientific to use fuzzy analysis method to comprehensively evaluate the credit status.

2. Comprehensive evaluation method:

Comprehensive evaluation method is a general evaluation of things or phenomena affected by various factors, that is, according to given conditions, each object is given a real number, and a comprehensive score is obtained by other calculation methods such as total score method or weighted average, and then its priority is evaluated accordingly.

Judging from the nature of credit rating itself, enterprise credit rating is an uncertain and vague problem. Therefore, the development trend of comprehensive evaluation method is enough to combine fuzzy theory with enterprise credit rating, thus making the rating results more scientific and accurate.

3, artificial neural network method:

The so-called artificial neural network is an information processing system or computer based on imitating the structure and function of biological brain, which is called neural network for short. The basic framework of artificial neural network is to imitate biological nerve cells, which are divided into input layer, hidden layer and output layer.

Each layer of color includes several points representing processing units. The nodes in the input layer are responsible for receiving external information different from that input by the human brain. The input information received by artificial neural network is the quantized information of various variables, and one input variable corresponds to one input node.

The nodes in the hidden layer are responsible for processing the information transmitted from the input layer and converting it into intermediate results to be transmitted to the output layer. The node of the output layer compares the information of the hidden layer with the threshold value to get the final result of the system and output it.

Second, the credit rating classification:

At present, the classification of enterprise credit rating is popular with three-level and ten-level credit rating standards, which are recognized by most banks and rating agencies. In western countries, corporate credit ratings are divided into AAA, AA and A, while others are divided into 3A, 3B and 3C to guide investors' behavior.

The credit evaluation and rating of Chinese enterprises began in the 1980s. General enterprises are only divided into three grades. Some places use foreign representatives, namely AAA, AA and A, and some places use representatives from China, which are called first-,second-and third-class enterprises. With different credit ratings, the difficulty and conditions for enterprises to raise funds and obtain bank loans in the market are very different.

Extended data:

Evaluation process of enterprise credit rating;

1. The rating team submits the credit rating report and working papers after the three-level review to the internal credit review committee of the credit rating agency;

2. The internal credit review committee shall hold a review meeting. The review meeting will listen to the appraiser's introduction, discuss, question and review the credit rating report and working papers, and put forward opinions on the revision of the credit rating report; The credit evaluation committee determines the credit rating of the rating object according to the credit rating method and rating restriction conditions;

3. The rating team modifies the credit rating report according to the credit rating and evaluation opinions decided by the credit evaluation committee;

4. The rating results shall be valid only if more than two-thirds of the members of the evaluation committee agree.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Enterprise Credit Rating

Baidu Encyclopedia-Enterprise Credit Rating

Baidu encyclopedia-credit rating